Mohamed Khaleel

Karabuk University

The Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) technology's capacity to adjust the rotor frequency depending on wind conditions greatly enhanced the wind farm's total energy collection. Adaptability is crucial for maximizing the efficiency of power generation, especially in regions with variable wind patterns. This article does a comprehensive examinati...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a cornerstone of modern computer science, exerting a profound influence on diverse sectors of society. This article offers a comprehensive overview of the evolution and impact of AI in computer science. Beginning with its historical roots and development, the article traces AI's trajectory from its incept...

Hydrogen constitutes an integral component within an expansive array of energy technologies poised to facilitate the nation's transition towards achieving a net-zero state. In additional, this endeavor involves harnessing regional resources judiciously, thereby fostering equitable and sustainable growth. The strategic development and utilization of...

This study proposes the control of a three-level NPC converter applied in a PV-FC hybrid generation system based on discrete-time integral sliding mode control (DISMC) combined with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. First, the comprehensive depiction and modeling of the system's main components are initially presented. Then, the cont...

Research and development in the field of UAVs have witnessed a significant surge lately. This study aims to design a control strategy for tracking the trajectory of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) Hexacopter based on sliding mode control theory. First, the non-linear translational and rotational mathematical model of the Hexacopter is initially deri...

في اطار سعي الدولة الليبية لاستغلال الطاقة الشمسية وادخالها في مزيج الطاقة المنتجة في البلاد ليتعدى نصيب مساهمة الطاقات المتجددة أكثر من 50% في عام 2050، والذي سيكون من خلال الاستخدام الامثل للطاقة الشمسية (طاقة فوتوضوئية وطاقة حرارية) وكذلك طاقة الرياح. قدمت هذه الدراسة التصميم المثالي للمجمعات الشمسية المسطحة من حيث عدد الاغطية الشفافة اللازمة لت...

A radical transformation is occurring in the global energy system, with solar PV and wind energy contributing to three-quarters of new electricity generation capacity due to their affordability. This shift towards renewable electrification of energy services, such as transportation, heating, and industry, will gradually replace fossil fuels in the...

Solar photovoltics (PV) capacity, encompassing both expansive utility-scale installations and compact distributed systems, constitutes a significant proportion of the anticipated augmentation in worldwide renewable energy capacity for the current year. In light of escalated electricity costs stemming from the prevailing global energy predicament, g...

Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) is a crucial component for improving the performance of Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES) based microgrid. This paper aims to quantify the battery capacity fade due to battery charging/discharging cycling in a DC microgrid operate with well-known rule-based energy management system, Hence, based on a reduced...

Electricity plays a pivotal role in the operation and development of contemporary societies and economies, with its significance escalating as electricity-dependent technologies like electric vehicles and heat pumps gain prominence. Currently, power generation stands as the foremost contributor to global carbon dioxide emissions. However, it concur...

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in scientific writing processes has emerged as a topic of increasing interest and exploration. This article encapsulates the multifaceted dimensions associated with the utilization of AI in scientific writing endeavors. The contemporary landscape underscores the potential of AI systems, such as...

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in scientific writing processes has emerged as a topic of increasing interest and exploration. This article encapsulates the multifaceted dimensions associated with the utilization of AI in scientific writing endeavors. The contemporary landscape underscores the potential of AI systems, such as...

The ongoing evolution of civilization is indelibly marked by our proficiency in harnessing energy beyond mere human and animal labor. The advent of successive industrial and agricultural revolutions has enabled a growing segment of the global populace to enjoy the comforts of heated and illuminated homes, the bountiful yields of fertilized and irri...

The fast-growing light-duty plug-in electric vehicle market in China, Europe, and the United States are a multifaceted phenomenon with far-reaching implications. It not only reshapes the automotive industry but also plays a pivotal role in advancing sustainable energy practices on a global scale. The trends and policies emerging from China are clos...

The optimal allocation of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) along with Electric Vehicle (EV) charge stations aims to maximize the utilization and efficiency of renewable energy while accommodating the charging requirements of EVs. The EVs in charging station using RESs could reduce the dependency on the utility grid, however, duety challenges are fac...

This study proposes a model system that integrates utility grid integration, batteries, and renewable energy sources (RESs) with electric vehicles (EVs). The aforementioned hybrid micro grid system model was created with the goal of maximizing the Renewable Energy Fraction (REF) as the primary goal of this study. Based on the integration of the afo...

This study proposes a model system that integrates utility grid integration, batteries, and renewable energy sources (RESs) with electric vehicles (EVs). The aforementioned hybrid microgrid system model was created with the goal of maximizing the Renewable Energy Fraction (REF) as the primary goal of this study. Based on the integration of the afor...

The optimal allocation of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) along with Electric Vehicle (EV) charge stations aims to maximize the utilization and efficiency of renewable energy while accommodating the charging requirements of EVs. The EVs in charging stations using RESs could reduce the dependency on the utility grid, however, duty challenges are fac...

The recent investigation has demonstrated that wind energy holds great potential as a viable and environmentally friendly energy source in Libya. The study employed a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology to evaluate various energy, economic, and environmental indicators for potential wind farm installations at multiple suitable locations across...

Within the framework of Libya's pursuit to harness solar energy and integrate it into the national energy mix, surpassing a 50% contribution from renewable energies by 2050, this study focuses on the optimal utilization of solar energy, both photovoltaic and thermal, along with wind energy. The research presents an exemplary design for flat solar c...

Wastewater treatment facilities at high places can give chances for renewable and sustainable energy generation by putting hydroelectric turbines at the input and drain channels of wastewater treatment plants, and they can also use the sludge generated during the treatment process to make biogas, which can be used to generate power. Purified water...

the world is currently facing energy-related challenges due to the cost and pollution of non-renewable energy sources and the increasing power demand from renewable energy sources. Green hydrogen is a promising solution in Libya for converting renewable energy into usable fuel. This paper covers the types of hydrogen, its features, preparation meth...

Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources (HRESs) integration with Electric Vehicles (EVs) is an interesting area of research in sustainable transportation and energy sectors. It involves combining different Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) such as solar, wind, and hydro to power EVs. Solar-to-Vehicle (S2V) technology is one of the cutting-edge methods to pro...

ليبيا بلد شاسعة المساحة وتشتمل على العديد من التضاريس والظروف المناخية المختلفة، كما تزخر بإمكانيات مؤكدة من الطاقة الشمسية وطاقة الرياح. وفي إطار توطيد صناعة الطاقات المتجددة في البلاد، تناولت هذه الدراسة تقييم عدة تقنيات من الخلايا الشمسية والطاقة الشمسية المركزة وطاقة الرياح الموجودة في السوق الدولية بهدف تحقق أكبر عائد من استغلال الطاقات المتجد...

Libya is a vast country with various terrains and climatic conditions. It also has proven potential for solar and wind energy. Within the framework of localizing the renewable energies industry in the country, this study evaluated several technologies of PV solar, concentrated solar power and wind energy existing in the international market with th...

This study confirms the economic feasibility and environmental benefits of using concentrated solar power (CSP) as an alternative fuel source for electricity generation in the gas-fired power plant at the Ubari station. This aims to promote sustainable development in the region by reducing oil depletion by a certain percentage and utilizing it in t...

The utilization of fossil fuels has played a substantial role in climate change and the progression of global warming. Consequently, there is an increasing demand for environmentally sustainable and renewable alternatives to address these issues. It is widely acknowledged that renewable energy resources represent the optimal choice for replacing fo...

Wastewater treatment plants that are located in high places can provide opportunities for generating sustainable energy, by installing hydroturbines at inlet and exit pipes of wastewater treatment plants, as well as exploiting the sludge resulting from the treatment process as a source for generating biogas, which can be used to generate electric p...

Wastewater treatment plants that are located in high places can provide opportunities for generating sustainable energy, by installing hydroturbines at inlet and exit pipes of wastewater treatment plants, as well as exploiting the sludge resulting from the treatment process as a source for generating biogas, which can be used to generate electric p...

Grid-isolated electrification for rural areas is a crucial task where the utility grid can not be reached or is costly to connect. Developing Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) in southern Libyan cities is required to be further investigated due to the power crises and increasing population. Two cities in the southern west side of Libya as highly radi...

The applications of smart homes received attention due to their popularity and accessibility of using modern technology such as the Internet of Things (IoT). Reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and addressing climate change depend heavily on residential buildings' increased energy efficiency and sustainability. Programming smart homes, which us...

The effects of dust aerosols on solar panels and people can occasionally extend thousands of kilometres across the atmosphere. The research aims to present the evaluation methods on the impact of dust accumulation on the performance of solar panels in the Libyan climate zone. The study conducted a series of experiments to measure the degradation of...

According to the Libyan government's newly released strategic plan, renewable and environmentally friendly energy sources would provide 30% of the country's power by 2030. The goal of this research is to shed light on solar energy technologies that may be used to generate clean and sustainable electricity. An energy-economic-environmental study of...

According to the Libyan government's newly released strategic plan, renewable and environmentally friendly energy sources would provide 30% of the country's power by 2030. The goal of this research is to shed light on solar energy technologies that may be used to generate clean and sustainable electricity. An energy-economic-environmental study of...

In this study, the carbon dioxide CO2 emission factor for the energy industry sector, which includes the oil and refining industry sector, was estimated by tracing the energy path in its primary form from the AlSharara and Hamada fields to AlZawia Refinery Company to the south of Tripoli power station for generating the electrical power until it re...

Renewable energy sources (RESs) play a pivotal role in addressing both environmental and energy generation challenges. These sources have found multifaceted applications, ranging from charging Electric Vehicles (EVs) to powering household appliances, street lighting, and bolstering the utility grid. In the context of North African countries, RESs h...

A smart home is a technologically equipped residence that proactively observes its residents and offers various services. It has emerged as a potential solution to support independent living for people with disabilities and older adults, while also relieving the burdens on family caregivers and healthcare providers. A fundamental aspect of smart ho...

The main motivation for the study of superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) integrated into the electrical power system (EPS) is the electrical utilities' concern with eliminating Power Quality (PQ) issues and greenhouse gas emissions. This article aims to provide a thorough analysis of the SMES interface, which is crucial to the EPS. This...

Sensors have made significant advancements in various fields, revolutionizing the daily utilization of individuals across diverse domains. These devices play a pivotal role in detecting changes in the environment and collecting corresponding signals, thus facilitating responsive actions. Leveraging a wide array of sources such as light, temperature...

The adoption of Smart Homes (SHs) and Smart Cities (SCs) brings numerous benefits to the society and environment by exploiting the Information communication technologies (ICTs). These include increased efficiency, reduced energy waste, lower utility bills, improved safety and security, enhanced mobility options, and a more sustainable and liveable...

The article discusses an analytical study aimed at examining the validity of a wide range of models for converting horizontal solar radiation to tilted solar radiation. Total solar radiation and its components falling on an inclined surface with different tilt angles and orientations are crucial for improving the simulation and performance of solar...

The article discusses an analytical study aimed at examining the validity of a wide range of models for converting horizontal solar radiation to tilted solar radiation. Total solar radiation and its components falling on an inclined surface with different tilt angles and orientations are crucial for improving the simulation and performance of solar...

The process of globalization is being significantly influenced by the integration of technology, and among the technological advancements, drone technology stands out as a prominent example. Drones have witnessed a remarkable increase in their usage across various disciplines, including agriculture, healthcare, and military domains. In agriculture,...

Voltage sags, as defined by the IEEE Standard, refer to sudden drops in voltage magnitude that last for a duration greater than 0.5 cycles of the power frequency but less than or equal to 1 minute. These events are considered significant in power quality issues. The change rate of voltage during a voltage sag can range from 0.1 to 0.9 per unit (p.u...

Utilizing a two-speed I-AMT (Inverse-Automatic Mechanical Transmission) with a rear friction clutch as the research object, a gear shift strategy was developed to enhance the driving dynamics and comfort of electrical vehicles (EVs). This strategy combines the open-loop clutch position approach with the closed-loop drivetrain approach. proposal for...

Voltage sags, as defined by the IEEE Standard, refer to sudden drops in voltage magnitude that last for a duration greater than 0.5 cycles of the power frequency but less than or equal to 1 minute. These events are considered significant in power quality issues. The change rate of voltage during a voltage sag can range from 0.1 to 0.9 per unit (p.u...

Modeling and stability analysis of a battery energy storage system in the Microgrid (MG) is critical for optimizing performance and efficiency and managing power safely and effectively. In this context, the contribution of this work is to propose thecombined effortsof the hybrid energy storage system (HESS) including the photovoltaic (PV), fuel cel...

Photovoltaic (PV) power generation has received significant attention from scientists over the last few years to help reduce the environmental pollution inherently associated with traditional electric generators. The economic convenience of PV generation is directly connected to the cost of the cells and the amount of energy that the arrays are cap...

Integration of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) with electrical power grid (EPG) can improve the power quality (PQ) of EPG by injecting the required power. However, this makes the PQ issue more complicated due to the negative impact of voltage sag on EPG. Unfortunately, the classical P-I controllers fail in eliminating the voltage sag. In...

This paper presents a ventilator that is characterized by simple construction and operation, as well as accurate execution of tasks due to the control system based on the Arduino board and servo motor. The device presented in this research is composed of two main parts: the mechanical part, represented by pliers, which are two opposite plates that...

vehicle is a means of transportation, such as a car, truck, or train, that is capable of moving people or goods from one place to another. Vehicles can be classified based on various factors, such as the type of fuel they use (e.g. gasoline, diesel, electricity), the number of wheels they have (e.g. two, four, six), and their intended use (e.g. pas...

Due to the integration of various distributed generation resources into power systems, in particular, the integration of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), the electrical power grid (EPG) becomes more comprehensive and has power quality (PQ) issues like voltage/current unbalance, harmonics, voltage sag, etc. The issue of voltage sag arises...

This study of the possibility of integrating clean energy into the Libyan railway transport system using the integration of photovoltaic cells provides the potential for electric power, whether in the development of transit trade or the production of renewable electric energy near the points of electricity consumption. In Libya, for example, by int...

The present study presents a regression function for optimum tilt angle for fixed mode flat-plate solar harvesters suitable for different locations in Libya, sky conditions and albedo values. The research based on 14 years -15 minutes time series solar irradiation components which provided by Solargis database platform for 24 different locations in...

A practical design presented in this paper; a hybrid PV solar panel and flat plate solar air heating collector (HSC). When the PV solar cells are installed on the upper surface of the absorber plate at the entrance of air duct of the air heater solar collector, the system will generate both electricity and heat. Numerical model based on energy bala...

Mechanical Energy Storage Systems (MESS) technologies are still posing complex threats to power grids. The MESS model is designed to offer a highly flexible center to electrical power that is involved in combining energy resources and request loads to industrial influence, safe high-voltage equipment, and produce high-quality power. Furthermore, el...

The intricacy of the power system configuration, coupled with the contemporary trends in power generation and demand, renders the attainment of adequate supply quality a daunting task for distribution companies. Several regulations govern the power quality (PQ) of the electrical system. In addition, EN-50160 outlines the voltage characteristics sup...

Artificial intelligence (AI) has moved past its primitive stages and is now poised to revolutionize various fields, making it a disruptive technology. This technology is expected to completely transform traditional engineering in design, electrical, communication, and renewable energy approaches that have been human-centred. Despite being in its ea...

the rate of production has drastically expanded in today's technologically advanced world due to fast-moving industries. Typically, manufacturing companies continue to produce the same models with few variations in length, color, weight, and shape. In addition, the sorting is crucial in this situation. In such circumstances, the industries cannot a...

The energy market in Libya is expected to face substantial changes in the next few years: electrical energy consumption will increase by 50% within the next 4 years. Therefore, there is a plan to gradually increase renewable energy sources in the power network by 2030 to 30%. Solar photovoltaic (PV) plants will play a significant role in the energy...

Electric traction drive systems must demonstrate advanced capabilities, such as improved fuel efficiency measured in miles per gallon of gasoline-equivalent (MPGe), extended range, and rapid charging options to achieve wider acceptance. This increased electrification and evolving mobility landscape have generated a demand for electric traction driv...

Induction Motors (I-M) aim to enhance interface technologies for more safety, reliability, productivity, and greener operations. In addition, malfunction monitoring functionalities are embedded into the system to detect impending faults and predict their consequence on the system's future actions using fault diagnosis techniques. This article broad...

Induction Motors (I-M) aim to enhance interface technologies for more safety, reliability, productivity, and greener operations. In addition, malfunction monitoring functionalities are embedded into the system to detect impending faults and predict their consequence on the system's future actions using fault diagnosis techniques. This article broad...

Scientists have approved the significant contributions of photovoltaic (PV) to the unified power flow controller (UPFC). It is obvious that PV has made a significant contribution to power quality issues (PQI) and stability in practical voltage sag/swell and harmonic. In addition to that, recent interest in the integration of PV into the electrical...

The area of a Microgrid (G) is a very fast-growing and promising system for overcoming power barriers. This paper examines the impacts of a microgrid system considering Electric Vehicle Grid Integration (EVGI) based on stochastic metaheuristic methods. One of the biggest challenges to slowing down global climate change is the transition to sustaina...

Digital tools are becoming increasingly important for creating a more effective energy efficiency policy. By leveraging technology, governments can create data-driven insights into their energy usage and identify areas of improvement. Digital tools also provide the opportunity to automate processes and reduce manual labor costs associated with trac...

In the last few years, there has been considerable growth in in-wheel electric motors manufacturing and the number of electric buses operating around the world. As a result of this clear increase, competition between electric bus manufacturers is increasing to reach the best satisfaction and comfort for passengers. This paper aims to deliver signif...

To accommodate the intricate nature of increasing energy demands, the conventional grid (CG) has been augmented with advanced communication technologies such as advanced metering with sensors, demand response, energy storage systems, and the integration of electric vehicles. To ensure localized energy balance and reliability, Microgrids (MG) have b...

The Vehicle-To-Grid (V2G) technology refers to the use of Electric Vehicles (EVs) as a source of energy storage for the grid by providing several services. Ancillary services refer to the additional services that EVs connected to the grid can provide, such as frequency regulation and voltage control, and Renewable Energy (RE) exploitation. There ar...

The lateral stability of a road vehicle is very important for the safety of the passengers and driver during extreme lateral maneuvers or during lateral maneuvers under adverse environmental conditions such as driving on ice or snow, sudden side wind, or sudden tire pressure loss. The major parameter which uses to give an indication of the lateral...

Energy is the most suitable way of filling the gap of economic, social and environmental factors to enhance human development across the globe. The energy production across the globe needs some amendments in order to reduce the environmental damage and accelerate the benefits of the renewable energy advancements. The advancements in renewable energ...

Energy is the most suitable way of filling the gap of economic, social and environmental factors to enhance human development across the globe. The energy production across the globe needs some amendments in order to reduce the environmental damage and accelerate the benefits of the renewable energy advancements. The advancements in renewable energ...

Mechanical Energy Storage Systems (MESS) Technologies continue to pose huge challenges to electrical grids. The MESS model is intended to provide an extremely flexible facility to the electrical grids that engaged in harmonizing energy resources and demand loads in order economic impact, secure electric-power supplies at effectively delivering sust...

Energy Management Strategy (EMS) as a control strategy for microgrid (MG) systems is a complex task to operate the integrated power systems and utilize consumer-based. Alternative energy sources such as solar and wind can be used to generate energy that can be used to power electrical appliances when combined with energy storage units. Additionally...

Hub motor technology has piqued researchers' interest in now a days on account of the multiple benefits it provides. Nevertheless, because the straight connection of the hub motor to the wheels can upshot in developing the vehicle's unsprung weight, this increase in unsprung weight has become one of the important studies in the field of electric ve...

Mechanical Energy Storage Systems (MESS)Technologies continue to pose huge challenges to electrical grids.The MESS model is intended to provide an extremely flexible facility to the electrical grids that engaged in harmonizing energy resources and demand loads in order economic impact,secure electric-power supplies at effectively delivering sustain...

Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) integration with energy sources is an interface solution for power and environmental problems. However, some of the face limitations during the integration as overloading, power losses, and voltage sag are furtherly discussed in this article. The Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) are the promising solution by overcoming the powe...

Energy Management Strategies (EMSs) are used to monitor and control flown power in micro-grid systems. Choosing proper control management can cause unbalance in the power system. This paper presented the used sources to generate electricity in order to feed electric appliances in either or combined forms as renewable and non-renewable energy source...

The electric power industry sector has become increasingly aware of how counterproductive voltage sag affects distribution network systems (DNS). The voltage sag backfires disastrously at the demand load side and affects equipment in DNS. To settle the voltage sag issue, this paper achieved its primary purpose to mitigate the voltage sag based on i...

Stability control system plays a significant role in vehicle dynamics to improve the vehicle handling and achieve better stability performance. In order to study and evaluate the performance of the vehicles in addition to how to control it, it is necessary to identify obtain some models related to the dynamics of the vehicle as well as the tire mod...

One of the most critical components in a vehicle is the suspension system, as it is responsible for stability and handling in the vehicle structure and thus ensuring the passenger's comfort because it absorbs shocks caused by different road conditions and prevents them from reaching the passengers' seats. A passive suspension system with eight degr...

Today, the worldwide public interest in reducing power quality issues and greenhouse gas emissions is a key driver to study fuel cells (FCs) connected to distribution network systems (DNs) based on distributed flexible alternating-current transmission systems (D-FACTS). DNs will need to develop a better performance on power quality (PQ) while provi...

Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) is used in power distribution system to protect sensitive load in voltage disturbances. Voltage sag is one of the most important power quality problems challenging the utility industry. Voltage sags can be compensated by voltage and power injection into the distribution system. DVR is developed using Mamdani-type fuzz...

Now-a-days Fuzzy logic control techniques are being used as a promising approach for the assuage of power quality problems. Voltage sag is the most dominating problem in the context of power quality problems. This paper presentation deals with the study of Distribution Static Compensator (D-STATCOM) using Sugeno Fuzzy Controller (SFC), Mamdani Fuzz...

The purpose of this paper is to assess the applicability of Distribution Static Compensator (D-STATCOM) for the mitigation of voltage sag problem. Three different control methods were used in control to get performance of mitigating voltage sag, namely Genetic Algorithms (GA), Fuzzy Inference System (FIS), and Proportional Integrative (PI) to deter...

Power quality is closely related issues of most directly affect nowadays. It can be clear that electrical power quality is the degree of any deviation from the nominal rate of the voltage magnitude and frequency. Voltage sag is one of the most significant power quality problems challenging at present time. This paper discussed modeling of a DVR wit...

This paper presents Classification of Voltage Problem Using Support Vector Machine (SVM) of electrical power system using Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM) algorithm and implemented on IEEE-39 bus New-England system. The data was collected from the time domain simulation by using input to the LS-SVM classification, and LS-SVM PTSI estim...