Ethics - Science topic

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Conducting a SWOT analysis of the applications of artificial intelligence technology in business, in the business activities of companies and enterprises, shows that there are both many already and developing many more business applications of the said technology, i.e., many potential development opportunities are recognized in this field of using the achievements of the current fourth and/or fifth technological revolution in various spheres of business activity, as well as there are many risks arising from inappropriate, incompatible with the prevailing social norms, standards of reliable business activity, incompatible with business ethics use of new technologies. Among some of the most recognized negative aspects of improper use of generative artificial intelligence technology is the use of AI-equipped graphic applications available on the Internet that allow for the simple and easy generation of photos, graphics, images, videos and animations that, in the form of very realistically presented images, photos, videos, etc., depict something that never happened in reality, i.e., they graphically present images or videos presenting what could be described as “fictitious facts” in a very professional manner. In this way, Internet users can become disinformation generators in online social media, where they can post the said generated images, photos, videos, etc. with added descriptions, posts, comments, in which the said “fictitious facts” presented in the photos or videos will also be described in an editorially correct manner. Besides, the mentioned descriptions, posts, entries, comments, etc. can also be edited with the help of intelligent chatbots available on the Internet like Chat GPT, Copilot, Gemini, etc. However, misinformation is not the only serious problem as it has significantly intensified after OpenAI released the first versions of ChatGPT chatbot online in November 2021. A new category of technical operational risk associated with the new AI technology applied has emerged in companies and enterprises that implement generative artificial intelligence technology into various spheres of business. In addition, there is a growing scale of risks arising from conflicts of interest between business entities related to not fully regulated copyright issues of works created using applications and information systems equipped with generative artificial intelligence technology. Accordingly, there is a demand for the development of a standard of a kind of digital signature with the help of which works created with the help of AI technology will be electronically signed, so that each such work will be unique, unrepeatable and whose counterfeiting will thus be seriously hampered. However, these are only some of the negative aspects of the developing applications of AI technologies, for which there are no functioning legal norms. In the middle of 2023 and then in the spring of 2024, European Union bodies made public the preliminary versions of the developed legal norms on the proper, business-ethical use of technology in business, which were given the name AI Act. The legal normatives, referred to as the AIAct, contain a number of specific, defined types of AI technology applications deemed inappropriate, unethical, i.e. those that should not be used. The AIAct contains classified according to different levels of negative impact on society various types and specific examples of inappropriate and unethical use of AI technologies in the context of various aspects of business as well as non-business activities. An important issue to consider is the scale of the commitment of technology companies developing AI technologies to respect such regulations so that issues of ethical use of this technology are also defined as much as possible in technological aspects in companies that create, develop and implement these technologies. Besides, in order for AIACT's legal norms, when they come into force, not to be dead, it is necessary to introduce both sanction instruments in the form of specific penalties for business entities that use artificial intelligence technologies unethically, antisocially, contrary to AIAct. On the other hand, it would also be a good solution to introduce a system of rewarding those companies and businesses that make the most proper, pro-social, in accordance with the provisions of the AIAct, fully ethical use of AI technologies. In view of the fact that AIACT is to come into force only in more than 2 years so it is necessary to constantly monitor the development of AI technology, verify the validity of the provisions of AIAct in the face of dynamically developing AI technology, successively amend the provisions of the said legal norms, so that when they come into force they do not turn out to be outdated. In view of the above, it is to be hoped that, despite the rapid technological progress, the provisions on the ethical applications of artificial intelligence technology will be constantly updated and the legal normatives shaping the development of AI technology will be amended accordingly. If AIAct achieves the above-mentioned goals to a significant extent, ethical applications of AI technology should be implemented in the future, and the technology can be referred to as ethical generative artificial intelligence, which is finding new applications.

The key issues of opportunities and threats to the development of artificial intelligence technology are described in my article below:

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

The relation of prioritizing Realpolitik over balance of power or isolationism and to what extend does it create ethical problems in terms of international relation

1. World Order has shown changes, especially after 2020 in almost all major fields of Politics, Economics, Social, Geopolitical etc.

2. Where the world order in real is diverting?

3. What will be the ultimate outcomes?

4. The alteration & changes of systems on Earth will change anything in Space?

5. Which systems will lose centuries-long grounds and what new will rise?

6. Is the current scenario being same as the Rise/Fall of Nations, Games of Thrones etc. or there is something significantly different this time?

7. Ultimately what impact will the Next World Order make on the entire human race and especially on the Bio-sphere?

8. How much was any World Order got impacted/formed/shaped through/by religious education directly/indirectly and why did such neuroplasticity/mind exercises base practices remain an integral part of World Orders in past? Can humans afford to continue past practices to build any new future?

9. What changes do you suggest in Next World Order, and Why?

10. Are Human going to accept defeat & surrender in front of Alien powers like gods, AIs, energy, any other life forms etc.?

11. How long more humans have the current status of rapidly shrinking freedom?

12. Will the current form of human life exist after such surrenders and what will be the expected shape of any of such life?

13. Its understood that human have to sacrifice current systems and life forms for existence, but, Is it necessary? Any workable solutions ?

can l have relevant points and explanations for the question that can be used for a presentation

I learnt about "brain-storming" during my Masters in Technology (Human Resource Development and Management). In the world today, with advanced technology and resources, what is "Brain-storming" and what practices could be used to brain storm?- only legal and ethically moral viewpoints.

I had learnt in 1999-2001 that the best method to brain-storm was at a "round table meeting, where participants ask questions, one after another and one/many of those participants gives answers; the best answer is picked out of the many; on that topic of discussion.

Looking forward to your answers.

Best regards

Aradhana

I have come across some ideas which I hope will be pursued by academics in the associated disciplines:

1) Topics Broadly outlined in the following articles

Fathabadi OS (2022) Voluntary Selection; Bringing Evolution at the Service of Humanity. Scientific J Genet Gene Ther 8(1): 009-015.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/sjggt.000021

Fathabadi OS (2023) The way of future through voluntary selection. Glob J Ecol 8(1): 034-041. DOI: 10.17352/gje.000079

2) Explanation of how violence is the link between evolution and society. What is not clear in the articles above is that just as a disease shows symptoms such as fever in its early stages, violence that is caused by the lack of evolutionary order in society also shows itself in the form of problems like bullying, harassment, discrimination, passive aggression, coercive control, etc and then It may appear in the form of an increase in the rate of crimes and social riots and finally in the form of naked violence, civil wars, genocides and foreign wars. The purpose of the topics raised in both articles is to realize the evolutionary order through the methods proposed in control engineering and by achieving the desired statistical goals, not only to prevent violence, but also to spread satisfaction in the society and to provide internal and external security.

3) Interpretation of historical events including genocides and world wars through the lens of insights provided above for example how passive aggression became widespread prior to such events.

4) The articles above argue that Control Theory, in conjunction with data science, can help establish and maintain democracies with an unprecedented level of stability and provide optimal levels of living standards by regulating evolutionary health of societies and the relationships between them. This goal however, requires interpretation of the theory widely used in engineering, for application in Humanities. Control Engineering remains a rather challenging field to learn and its theoreticians and practitioners are mostly active in areas other than humanities - most critically politics - and even despite the large number of engineering graduates receiving education in Systems and Control Theory as part of their curriculum, the specific practical pathway for application of the theory for solving problems in Humanities remains rather unclear; let alone the inaccessibility of the field to the practitioners of humanities even to the extent necessary to allow them to express the problems in terms approachable by control engineering experts. Projects should therefore be defined to develop highly targeted educational materials and tools which provide a shortcut to applying the theory in solving practical problems in humanities. It is particularly important to understand that the type of Control Theory applicable to Humanities would be "Non-Linear Time-Varying Control" which is an extension of control Theory as relevant to most engineering problems and as such, the specific theory will need to be developed specifically beyond what a classically educated expert in Control Engineering would be comfortably equipped with even if educated with a PhD. For example the types of time constants and uncertainties relevant in Humanities and the types of irregularities which can be created by collective mis-intentions of social groups as well as moral aspects of implications of such techniques on human population will extend to matters associated in politics, biology, culture, education, and media. Actually it is important to understand that the knowledge and tools, will not act as a pill to fix problems but through insights, they provide directions and "Decision Support Systems" with local applicability and temporal relevance which despite their limitations, will provide unprecedented powers for providing better living standards for all populations and individuals. Such tools need to be maintained in order to remain relevant to the changes in the system under control and time. The developed materials will help students, researchers and practitioners get started and up to speed with the expertise through minimal training or self-study and the impact I believe would be revolutionary. In addition to Systems and Control Theory, the mentioned books/educational materials/tools may also cover topics such as Programming, Differential Equations, Numerical Optimisation, System Identification, Artificial Intelligence and to some extent Statistics. The set of these topic may one day help establish an independent field of study namely "Humanities Engineering".

5) Applications of the theory, educational materials, and tools mentioned above, to solve practical problems associated in sociology, psychology, politics and other fields of humanities is the ultimate goal and such projects make great topics for research in universities, Think tanks, and governments. It is important to mention that using the mean-values and standard deviations defining phenotypic profiles of populations is a way of taking into account the differences of different populations in achieving desirable results within them and in regulating the relationship between them.

6) It is also possible to characterise discourses, and broadcasted contents by defining relevant indices that quantify various aspects of them and then model and predict their relationship with the outcomes in society. These models can then act as decision support systems to identify and implement adjustments for achieving the desired social outcomes. If sufficiently predictive, they can also be used in combination with other models or in isolation as part of the control loops associated in Control Theory in order to achieve the desired outcomes in terms of sustainability, social stability, freedoms, economic welfare, health, national security, psychological security, gender equality, and optimal levels of happiness in all individuals and social groups, etc.

7) It is possible to compile a set of contents including matters mentioned in the articles above, to act as a mental anchorage for people. Something that is scientifically proven, convincing and understandable by those who put in the effort and allows them to remain motivated, morally directed, socially responsible and supported and mentally healthy. I believe adding a content starting from Genetics explaining how "Life is a complex Product of Nature" and how "Survival and Reproduction are Complex Interpretations of Laws of Nature" is necessary. Topics such as cosmology and Quantum Physics can also be included.

8) It is possible to define a project on optimal forms of democracy for different populations with emphasis on the fact that peoples' choices represent their interests as they understand them as individuals while much of what comprises our existing living standards or is necessary for achieving higher standards of living are a result of societies and mechanisms maintaining them. Societies were formed by cultures/religions as an aftermath of painful evolutionary events which occurred when people pursued their personal interests and emerged as optimal ways of achieving a better average standard of living for larger numbers of individuals over a larger proportion of their lives. In other words, many aspects of our existing living standards are by-products of societies and could not be achieved or maintained only pursuing our individual choices which is what a democracy guarantees. Democracies should be pursued for optimum living standards and preventing abuse however, it is necessary to have democracies in place to guarantee the maintenance of society itself (what you can call an evolutionary order) and realise/maintain its desired levels of standards of living and this should not be compromised by the choice of individuals.

9) Ethics of Voluntary Selection and application of methods concerned in Control Theory and AI in solving problems in Humanities specially to prevent abuse of individuals, and minorities under the flag of interests of society and to prevent creating senseless scientific approvals for imposing disadvantage on individuals and social groups. It is also necessary to minimise pain imposed on individuals and social groups in transitions as a result of adjustments.

10) While the first article introduces the concept of "Voluntary Selection" and a methodology to use it in a calculated way, it only acts as a beginning and if it is going to be implemented, a huge methodological and experimental effort is needed for identifying relevant phenotypes, developing phenotypic maps for distinct populations, identifying the results when choosing donor and receiver populations, and developing tools to predict and monitor the progress of such programs besides studying the implications for society, economy and beyond. Research can also dig deeper and take into account genotype-phenotype relationships in achieving the desired results.

I find that selective portions of Christianity are evident in the Qur'an, myths but not its ethics!

I have participated in trainings whose organizers advertised on social media and during which they first presented their achievements in social media, pointed out the large income they generate within the framework of large reach in these online media, then talked about social media, marketing and online advertising used in these media, the possibility of using various applications based on artificial intelligence technology within the framework of marketing activities, creating and running advertising campaigns in social media and then presented their paid offers to gain access to these applications through created additional overlays, intermediary platforms, websites. Such training courses, webinars are usually free of charge. After the training, participants can receive free certificates confirming their participation in the training. This is a free additional form of incentive to participate in the training. On the other hand, among the forms of encouraging the purchase of access to specific AI applications is a promotional offer that lasts until the end of the training time and/or until the end of the day. however, it happens that the people conducting this type of training are not computer scientists who create AI applications, they are influencers, youtubers who have contrived to sell access to selected applications based on artificial intelligence technology, which for a certain fee will be available on created overlays, websites that act as intermediary applications to access specific source applications that are available for free on the Internet. In addition, it happens that those who conduct this kind of training do not even have a registered business and cannot even issue a VAT invoice for the services sold in this way in mediating access to selected AI applications. Surprisingly, the tax authorities in the various countries where such youtubers operate have not yet addressed this issue, given that some unethical individuals operating in this way boast about the high income they earn during such training sessions. It can be a problem of sorts for public tax authorities operating in individual countries if this kind of training and business activity is conducted via the Internet from other countries, which can be a kind of tax haven for this kind of activity. However, the problem can be serious if this kind of activity is conducted from a country referred to as a tax haven and is aimed at citizens of other countries. Apparently, there is still a lack of legal regulations that would effectively limit the use of unethical, unreliable business practices in the use of certain solutions based on artificial intelligence.

I described the key issues of opportunities and threats to the development of artificial intelligence technology in my article below:

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

AI in research offers tremendous potential, but ethical considerations are crucial. Biases in data or algorithms can lead to discriminatory or unfair results. The "black box" nature of some AI models makes it difficult to understand their reasoning, raising concerns about accountability. Ensuring data privacy, transparency in research methods, and maintaining human oversight are all essential for ethical AI-powered research.

An article has been successfully peer reviewed and published online but resubmitted in a society conference proceedings for presentation. Does such practice ethical or unethical?

Who agrees, for the sake of human decency, people should be trained to use the word banal, cliché, etc. instead of the word gay? How? Why? My answer: I agree for the sake of human decency, people should be trained to use the word banal, cliché, etc. instead of the word gay. How?: Through training to obtain human empathy, human dignity, and harmony. Why?: Often the term gay is misused and the banal should be addressed with respectful terms.

Upon observing anyone’s innermost life, would character flaws always be found? How? Why? My answer: Yes because humans are bound to be the least ethical creatures among other reasons.

Sources:

Ethics

The metaverse of the hypervirtual world of education communication Artificial intelligence, the innovative flow of perceptions, thinking and communication Ethics in the world of metaverse and ethics in the use of artificial intelligence What will happen to the future of humans, the earth and the world in the meta-heritage of artificial intelligence and its ethics? Ethics in the world of metaverse and ethics in the use of artificial intelligence #METAVERSE #Artificialintelligence #Ethics #Future

#Keivan

#keivanforkeyhan

Describe strategies for managing ethical dilemmas and navigating complex decision-making scenarios in obstetric anaesthesia care.

Managing ethical dilemmas and navigating complex decision-making scenarios in obstetric anesthesia care requires a thoughtful and principled approach that prioritizes patient-centered care, communication, and collaboration among healthcare providers.

Please suggest

Explain the ethical considerations in obstetric anaesthesia, including maternal autonomy, fetal rights, and informed consent.

Ethical considerations in obstetric anesthesia encompass various principles and dilemmas related to maternal autonomy, fetal rights, and informed consent.

End-of-life care decision-making in the intensive care unit (ICU) is complex and involves navigating numerous ethical considerations to ensure that patients receive compassionate and appropriate care aligned with their values, preferences, and goals.

As part of today's rapid technological advances, new technologies are being developed for Industry 4.0, including but not limited to artificial intelligence, machine learning, robotization, Internet of Things, cloud computing, Big Data Analytics, etc. The aforementioned technologies are being applied in various industries and sectors. The development of artificial intelligence generates opportunities for its application in various spheres of companies, enterprises and institutions; in various industries and services; improving the efficiency of business operations by increasing the scale of process automation; increasing the scale of business efficiency, increasing the ability to process large sets of data and information; increasing the scale of implementation of new business models based on large-scale automation of manufacturing processes, etc.

However, developing artificial intelligence uncontrollably generates serious risks, such as increasing the scale of disinformation, emerging fake news, including banners, memes containing artificial intelligence crafted photos, graphics, animations, videos presenting "fictitious facts", i.e. in a way that apparently looks very realistic describing, depicting events that never happened. In this way, intelligent but not fully perfect chatbots create so-called hallucinations. Besides, by analogy, just like many other technologies, applications available on the Internet equipped with generative artificial intelligence technology can be used not only in positive but also in negative applications.

On the one hand, there are new opportunities to use generative AI as a new tool to improve the work of computer graphic designers and filmmakers. On the other hand, there are also controversies about the ethical aspects and the necessary copyright regulations for works created using artificial intelligence. Sometimes copyright settlements are not clear-cut. This is the case when it cannot be precisely determined whether plagiarism has occurred, and if so, to what extent. Ambiguity on this issue can also generate various court decisions regarding, for example, the recognition or non-recognition of copyrights granted to individuals using Internet applications or information systems equipped with certain generative artificial intelligence solutions, who act as creators who create a kind of cultural works and/or works of art in the form of graphics, photos, animations, films, stories, poems, etc. that have the characteristics of uniqueness and uniqueness.

However, this is probably not the case since, for example, the company OpenAI may be in serious trouble because of allegations by the editors of the New York Times Journal suggesting that ChatGPT was trained on data and information from, among other things, online news portals run by the editors of the aforementioned journal. Well, in December 2023, the New York Times filed a lawsuit against OpenAI and Microsoft accusing them of illegally using the newspaper's articles to train its chatbots, ChatGPT and Bing. According to the newspaper, the companies used millions of texts in violation of copyright laws, creating a service based on them that competes with the newspaper. The New York Times is demanding billions of dollars in damages.In view of the above, there are all sorts of risks of potentially increasing the scale of influence on public opinion, the formation of the general public consciousness by organizations operating without respect for the law. On the one hand, it is necessary to create digital computerized and standardized tools, diagnostic information systems, to build a standardized system of labels informing users, customers, citizens using certain solutions, products and services that they are the products of artificial intelligence, not man. On the other hand, on the other hand, there should be regulations obliging to inform that a certain service or product was created as a result of work done not by humans, but by artificial intelligence. Many issues concerning the socially, ethically and business-appropriate use of artificial intelligence technology will be normatively regulated in the next few years.

Regulations defining the proper use of artificial intelligence technologies by companies developing applications based on these technologies, making these applications available on the Internet, as well as Internet users, business entities and institutions using intelligent chatbots to improve the operation of certain spheres of economic, business activities, etc., are being processed, enacted, but will come into force only in a few years.

On June 14, 2023, the European Parliament passed a landmark piece of legislation regulating the use of artificial intelligence technology. However, since artificial intelligence technology, mainly generative artificial intelligence, is developing rapidly and the currently formulated regulations are scheduled to be implemented between 2026 and 2027, so on the one hand, operators using this technology have plenty of time to bring their procedures and products in line with the supported regulations. On the other hand, one cannot exclude the scenario that, despite the attempt to fully regulate the development of applications of this technology through the implementation of a law on the proper, safe and ethical use of artificial intelligence, it will again turn out in 2027 that the dynamic technological progress is ahead of the legislative process that rapidly developing technologies are concerned with.

I have described the key issues of opportunities and threats to the development of artificial intelligence technology in my article below:

OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATIONS AND THE NEED FOR NORMATIVE REGULATION OF THIS DEVELOPMENT

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best wishes,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

consultancy in politics and public administration

Who agrees that if all logic and all ethics are based on consequences then God(the all knowing creator) is the source of both? Why? How?

I would like to do a research on the issues and challenges faced by higher education institutions involved in internationalization and student mobility.

Please give me some advice on what angle I should look at it. Shall I investigate on ethics and value or issues and challenges faced by the host country?

Thank you.

Can emotional intelligence be considered a form of moral virtue, and if so, how does it contribute to ethical decision-making and virtuous behavior?

Nepotism has been a troubling topic for me for a very long time. Consider this scenario: Professor "A" has contributed to a certain research topic for over 15-20 years. He/She has two children, "B" and "C," whom he/she have allowed to be involved in all the research conducted in the lab. Let's also consider that, at times, Professor "A" has given their official students a tough time while shielding B and C from such issues. Later, B turns out to be a good student and receives a faculty position at another university, while C struggles to keep up with the research and shifts to an industry job. My question is, given the current situation, how would you comment on this scenario? remember that prof A still is one of the leading minds and B is still contributing to the field.

I am conducting a study on ethical dilemmas and problems experienced by psychiatric nurses in psychiatric clinics. If psychiatric nurses or nurse educators have stories of ethical dilemmas they have experienced while caring for patients in clinics, I would like to ask them to send me an email/message. Please do not give the names of institutions or people in your stories.

What could be a link between conformity to hegemonic masculinity and homophobia?

What ethical considerations are crucial for the responsible development of organoid models mimicking human intelligence?

Qué método sería el más adecuado para investigar este colectivo, de manera ética y respetuosa, para obtener información relevante sin violar sus derechos.

Unethical businessmen aided by politicians have transgressed boundaries of ethical, equitable, sustainable living in the pursuit of short-term profits and immediate self-gain to support certain exclusive lifestyles. The excuse used is 'competition' or 'everyone else is doing it'. This greed has now seeped into lay individuals, families, children, societies, nations and are creating unrest and dissatisfaction at all levels of the human-ecosystem. To feed this greed, newer and newer technologies are created to benefit a few. The immediate outcome of these misguided priorities is bad health-of individuals, economies and the environment. Long-term effects include obesity, divorce, war and the resultant effort to create more technologies to solve problems created by earlier misuse of technology.

How does one break and come out of this vicious circle of material addiction and technology creation to sustain this addiction?

2. Technology makes things easier to do, enables faster production and sadly enough, faster consumption of scarce common natural resources. This is a vicious circle. And all vicious circles, are hard to break. Wars, pogroms, genocides, invasions, colonisation, slavery-are all designed with a selfish goal: Grab other people’s resources. And make profits. From Lehman brothers, Monsanto, Enron, Nestle.....we have seen them all.

Vicious circles are confusing because the process is not linear, there are no clear starting and ending points. One thing leads to the other and the ending dove-tails again into the starting point.

3. The arms industry, entertainment industry, meat industry, porn industry, whaling industry, forestry industry are only some 'visible' examples with known ethical malpractices, with almost every industry bending ethics for the sake of the bottomline, because 'there is competition everywhere' and 'everyone is doing it'!

4. Scrupulous businessmen fulfill a perceived need in society. They put together their ingenuity and manufacturing ability for making life easier for others. They often do not advertise or patent their services.

Unscrupulous businessmen create a 'want'/desire in society, then bombard their target with psychological advertising, making them think they 'need' this, whatever the cost. They patent/license/copyright their product and feed off the spoils.

Since unscrupulous businessmen are at the root of imbalance in society and the environment, should we reign-in the business sector with more regulations, ethical controls and accountability?

5. So where do we start to break the vicious circle? Where does the buck stop? Businesses? National policy? Societies? Families? Individuals? Me?

"Everybody talks about wanting to change things and help and fix, but ultimately all you can do is fix yourself. And that's a lot. Because if you can fix yourself, it has a ripple effect."-Rob Reiner.

Is it a good idea to send pre-submission inquiries to multiple journals to accelerate the publication process? or do we have to wait for the editors' response to a pre-sub before sending another one?

Thank you!

To be developed.

A bit of a loaded question... just working to nudge fellow economists to consider joining the effort to build a Humanomics, "an economics with the humans and their ethics left in" (quoting Deirdre McCloskey)." Metaeconomics is a Humanomics with a theory, lacking in the McCloskey version of it, as represented in Dual Interest Theory. And, yes, it is an economics about a Human, with the ethic playing a key role. In contrast, Single Interest Theory in mainstream Microeconomics, which is about an Econ oblivious to the ethic of the economic choice. If curious, see the website metaeconomics.info ...

As chatbots equipped with generative artificial intelligence technology are finding more and more applications within the framework of supporting human creative work, so the level of relevance of discussions concerning the ethical aspects of the use of such tools in the creative production of certain works is also increasing. Since the release of ChatGPT in open access on the Internet, it is a rapidly growing application of this tool in the increasingly automated creation of various types of texts, which until now were written by humans and now for humans can be done by artificial intelligence technology, an intelligent chatbot based on a generative language model. Advanced generative language models are taught to produce various types of texts based on artificial neural network technology, which are taught specific "skills" through a process of deep learning on the basis of data and information from many online databases, online libraries, indexing databases of scientific papers, information portals containing millions of source texts, and are refined through ongoing discussions with millions of users on the Internet. At present, such intelligent chatbots based on advanced generative language models are already being made available on the Internet by almost all leading Internet technology companies, or are currently working on developing and improving such tools and will soon make them available in open access to Internet users. Such increasingly "intelligent" tools that develop various kinds of documents, texts, studies in an increasingly sophisticated way and carry out the "creative" process in an increasingly perfect way are finding a rapidly growing scale of new applications and are being used more and more widely by Internet users. However, on the other hand, in a situation where Internet users use such tools not only for casual discussions, for fun, for entertainment, and commission intelligent chatbots to develop an article, formalized document, photo, graphic, etc. intended for publication, for use in a thesis, in an analytical report on the analysis and evaluation of the functioning of certain real-world economic entities and institutions, etc., then certain problems of an ethical nature arise. then certain ethical problems arise in connection with the use by the said intelligent chatbots from texts, documents, photos, articles and scientific and other books available on the Internet, etc., without first asking the authors of these studies, works, etc. whether they allow the use of their works, works, studies that have been published on the Internet in advance. In addition to this, ethical problems are also related to the fact that the said intelligent chatbots, in the course of automated development of works, often still do not fully show footnotes to sources, on show a full bibliography in the specified standards for the development of bibliographic descriptions of texts and source materials. Besides, also during the discussions conducted by intelligent chatbots with Internet users, it is not obligatory for the company providing the chatbot to obtain consent from the Internet user for the use of his knowledge, his documents and studies, his works, which he will enter into the database system of the intelligent chatbot, which are then used to improve the discussions conducted on the part of the chatbot, and are used to provide answers, to perform commissioned works for subsequent other Internet users. Besides, what is particularly important, in a situation when an intelligent chatbot on the order of an Internet user develops a certain work, and if it even shows sources for data, shows materials, publications, articles, books, photos, other source materials in the footnotes, in the bibliography, then at the same time a request is not sent to the authors of the source works for the possibility of their use by the chatbot in the development of a certain commissioned work by another Internet user, and no consent is taken from the authors of the original sources of data, information, results of previously conducted research, analysis, etc. Besides, in connection with the fact that many of the above-mentioned issues are not regulated by law, so there is still no mandatory requirement for authors of studies created with the involvement of tools based on a certain generative artificial intelligence technology to demonstrate that the work or a part of it, a certain fragment was created with the use of a certain mentioned tool. Accordingly, studies, texts, photos created with the use of such intelligent tools may contain information that is inconsistent with the facts and can be and are used to generate disinformation on the Internet, mainly on social media websites. Therefore, there are various dangers, risks, serious dangers associated with the unauthorized, incompatible with ethical principles, without respect for copyright, creation of certain works through the use of generative artificial intelligence. Thus, it is necessary to properly regulate all the above-mentioned issues concerning the creation of various types of works using generative artificial intelligence. In addition to this, it is necessary to legally sanction the creation of a requirement to automatically mark the works created in this way that a particular study, text, article, document, photo, film, etc. was created using a particular intelligent tool. It is also necessary to systematically organize the collection of consent from the authors of various types of source works, previously written texts, articles, books, made studies, photos, films, whose authors are human creators for the use of their works in the automated creation of further studies and works but already realized by tools based on generative artificial intelligence.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

And what is your opinion on this topic?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

We assume that B-matrix chains which are a product of the numerical statistical theory called Cairo technique are capable of efficiently solving the SE PDE in 1D, 2D, 3D via two natural laws or principles:

* 1-simultaneity and 2- the Pythagorean theorem,

without going through SE itself.

We also assume that our fellow Researchgate contributors can provide an equivalent or even better answer independently.

Your suggestions are greatly appreciated.

Call for Chapters: IRB, Human Research Protections, and Data Ethics for Researchers

See https://www.igi-global.com/publish/call-for-papers/call-details/7175

Proposals Submission Deadline: February 25, 2024

We can notice now that the twisted ways are most successful... so, what is the need for ethics in such a world?

Taught 'ethics' for both the undergraduate and postgraduate students, whilst students would find the topics discussed interesting, but in some cases it would seem very difficult to convince students that they need to act morally and ethically towards their clients, employees, communities and societies. The students would be arguing doing this might hurt our bottom line, especially as we are not sure that our competitors would be following the same trend.

What are your thoughts regarding this issue?

Have you faced similar encounters? it would be nice to know how you handle such a situation.

Would you believe that teaching ethics at the tertiary level is sufficient, or do we need to start with the individuals from their young age?

Is it the responsibility of the school, society, university, or the family?

Looking forward to reading your ideas and input to enrich this discussion.

Thanks and regards

The first time I encountered ethical concerns was when a reviewer insisted on having his unrelated eight research papers cited in the revised manuscript. The question arises regarding the ethicality of such an act, especially when it is approved by the editor. What will be your course of action when you encounter this unwanted thing?

NEW STIMULUS:

The following are metaphysics for social justice:

Hi Fellow Researchers,

I, Vinden Wylde, would greatly appreciate your participation and/or feedback in an anonymous Data Protection questionnaire. Your insights in particular (like-minded individuals) are of crucial value in validating my data protection framework "(VDaaS): A Novel SLEPT Data Protection Framework", and ultimately for the successful completion of a my PhD project/Thesis.

Questionnaire Link: https://cardiffmet.eu.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_bOCp24vP4mTR8aO

The questionnaire should take approximately 20 minutes, and I understand the value of your time in contributing to this important project.

Thank you very much in advance for your valuable contributions.

N.B. If there are any other avenues that you deem appropriate for this questionnaire, then please let me know.

Vinden Wylde.

Regardless of age group, social status, purchasing behaviour, transaction methods (e.g., post-pandemic cashless society trends), intrinsic data protection levels, or external frameworks like the General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR), Digital Footprints (DF) are traceable and globally shared. This often leads to unsolicited approaches, potentially exposing personal information without consent to unwarranted users and adversaries.

For instance, our active DF—manifested through social media, emails, blogs, 'likes,' and published photos—reveal our activities. Conversely, passive DF consists of unintentionally left data recorded by cookies during website visits, including search history and viewed content. This information is frequently leveraged to enhance products and services, serving as a tool to track and analyse the behaviours and demands of online users.

Given the limited control individuals often have over their DF, these digital identities can be exploited for revenue generation without their knowledge. This exploitation encompasses targeted advertising, the use of cookies, and implications for browsing and shopping industries. Moreover, DF visibility by potential employers, schools, creditors, etc., can have enduring effects on reputations, relationships, and employment opportunities.

This multi-faceted study delves into the realm of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in modern organizations, with a specific focus on its evolution, applications, and the intricate effects it manifests. Data were amassed through comprehensive literature reviews and case study analyses, encompassing diverse industries across the global business landscape. Participation included experts and professionals in fields ranging from technology to management, engaging in in-depth discussions and exploratory interviews. The study's goal was to scrutinize the roles and impacts of AI in organizational environments during the 2020-2021 period, ranging from AI's integration in decision-making processes to its influence on organizational innovation and ethics.

This exploration sheds light on the multifarious nature of AI's contributions to organizational efficiency, data-driven decision-making, cost optimization, and the enhancement of human analytical and creative capacities. Simultaneously, it scrutinizes the challenges posed by AI, including ethical dilemmas, employment impacts, dependence issues, and regulatory complexities. By analyzing the gathered data, four major themes emerged, reflecting the dichotomy of AI's influence in organizations: (1) the balance between efficiency enhancement and ethical quandaries, (2) the juxtaposition of AI-driven automation against job displacement concerns, (3) the dynamics of AI reliance versus human oversight, and (4) the evolving regulatory landscape vis-à-vis rapid technological advancements.

These findings offer deep insights and implications for both theoretical understanding and practical application, highlighting the need for a harmonized approach to leveraging AI benefits while conscientiously navigating its challenges in modern organizational structures.

Generic AI has profound implications for research. While its potential can be tempting, it also brings ethical challenges and risks. We have put together an editorial in the Information Systems Journal where we unearth and comment on many facets of qualitative data-related ethics. We hope this will engage researchers working with qualitative data analysis, including editors, (prospective) authors, reviewers and readers.

In recent times, I have accumulated some evidence that some academics may be using their peer reviewer or editor vouchers as part of a trade for authorship, almost like a Ponzi scheme. The basic gist of the scheme is as follows: you peer review or serve as editor for journal A. You get a voucher, which offers either a discount on APCs for a future submission, or you might even get a voucher that gives you a free submission to select paper types. There is a catch. The vouchers have an expiry date!

So, from what I can appreciate (publishers' names not indicated for obvious reasons) is that as the expiry date approaches, those peer reviewers and editors (i.e., the ones with no ethical scruples) approach authors (or potential authors, known or unknown), inviting themselves to be co-authors of papers in exchange for them being able to pay the APC (or part of it), or to get a free paper published. That's scheme 1.

Scheme 2 is as daring, and no less unethical. Authors (known or unknown to the peer reviewer or editor) approach that peer reviewer or editor who likely has a discount voucher (e.g., for APCs) or free-to-publish voucher (not unlike Monopoly's get out of jail card for free card), with the proposal to the peer reviewer /editor to be a co-author (guest author) on their paper in exchange for the peer reviewer or editor's voucher!

How does this translate into a Ponzi scheme and thus authorship and citation circle? Would-be authors are encouraged to become peer reviewers (even if they are not suitably qualified) because they will get discount vouchers which they can use legitimately, or illegitimately (e.g., in exchange for a trade in citations or authorship). Corrupt peer reviewers and editors use their power to accumulate vouchers, which they then trade for authorship (and possibly cash). The size of the Ponzi circle just gets larger and larger.

Are the journals and publishers involved complicit? The evidence I have is that they are, in two ways: 1) they ignore or look the other way; 2) they fail to initiate an ethical investigation with the trading author / peer reviewer / editor; 3) they fail to inform the public, other authors and editors and peer reviewers of such schemes.

Share your knowledge on this topic, your views or your experiences. Take care when naming journals, publishers or specific individuals (all responsibility lies with commentators).

How does one ethically deal with typos? Why? I would first follow tradition(traditional meanings), secondly risk analysis(risks of interpretation) and then thirdly skin in the game(the right to opine depends on the price the person pays for incorrectness). On a side note, those ethics lead me to negative utilitarianism for an open society. The virtues depend on enlightenment instead of goodness, thus they may be empathy, common sense, and symmetry. StimulI:

Politics:

General Ethics:

Metaphysics:

Linguistics:

Philosophy is allowed on ResearchGate to uphold freedom of inquiry. And philosophy can lead to science:

I think bureaucracy goes against human nature and thus brings out a lot of aggressive impulses.

Who agrees humans reproducing human children with robots would be for the common good? Elaborations welcome.

Who agrees, as common sense goes, the helpless should be assisted? How? Why?

I wonder how many of you have thought about the impact of AI on patients and healthcare? We are in unchartered territory in many ways, with every specialism and every country having its own challenges. What are yours?

Read abut the legal, clinical and ethical issues we face:

Artificial Intelligence in Medicine | Sushruta Journal of Health Policy & Opinion (sushrutajnl.net)

..

Who would like to elaborate on the platitudes in the description? How? Platitudes: Of course everyone wants a perfect life but, for whatever reason, imperfections exist, thus, on the bright side, the imperfect adds interest to life.

What are the possible consequences of an unethical act? Why? How? My answer: 1) The unethical actor gets what is deserved. 1.5)The unethical actor continues the patterns until getting what is deserved. 2)The unethical actor lives in fear until getting what is deserved. 3)The unethical actor is punished in the afterlife. 4)The unethical actor at some point repents. 6)The unethical actor’s own happiness is damaged by having committed the unethical act. 7)The unethical actor creates a precedent damaging self interests. 8)Something else.

Artificial intelligence augmented governance of healthcare and ethical issues need attention to ensure data protection

When using non-publicly available data, some people argue the use of such information must recognise those who own/collected/designed it in the original country. This seems to happen with data from Low and Middle-Income countries.

Sometimes, local authors use an address from a High-Income country instead of their original country. All bibliometric information is based on authors affiliations and it is difficult to get information from the original country from abstract/title.

What are your views about it?

Who agrees that humans are condemned to be the least ethical beings? How? Why?

Source:

Respectfully, diversely, equitably and inclusively, who agrees the lack of moral absolutes(morality is objective but relative) decreases the likelihood of reincarnation? How?

Discussion Stimuli:

This question delves into the crucial intersection of technological progress and ethical responsibility, prompting discussions on how professionals in these fields can navigate and integrate ethical considerations into their work for the greater societal benefit.

Seeking insights on strategies and technologies to promote ethical handling of data within social platforms, balancing user privacy and societal well-being. Open to perspectives from experts in data ethics and social sciences.

How does one gauge sincerity to a cause against mere self-righteousness? Why? My answer: One gauges sincerity to a cause against mere self-righteousness by discerning the observed‘s adherence to reciprocity, harm avoidance, the golden rule(treating others as the treater wants to be treated), the silver rule(NOT treating others as the treater does NOT want to be treated), tradition(what led previous generations to survive and to be anti-fragile), risk analysis(everyone analyzes risks because NO human has complete information to act on), symmetry, empathy, common sense(evolutionary set instincts), human dignity and skin in the game(those paying a more immediate price for the consequence have the greater right to opine as goes with reciprocity and harm avoidance). Plus admitting all humans have the impulses to commit unethical acts and anyone claiming otherwise is disingenuous because no act is completely selfless nor completely selfish. Which consistently leads to an open society with negative utilitarianism(reduce suffering as much as possible without violating before mentioned risk analysis, reciprocity and skin in the game due to desired societal anti fragility).

Does a humanitarian element exist in nationalism(nation first), localism(locality first) and universalism(all first, top down ethics) How? Why? My answer: Yes because in each of those value systems, humanity is prioritized even if not considered the most important. One philosophical explanation is humans are all made in God’s image and thus should be kind to each other and dominate other animals.

Egoism !

What might a sci-fi narrative look like from the perspective of elites justifying leaving the masses behind to secure their own survival? How might it portray their moral reasoning and ethical dilemmas?

Who agrees that equity is an ethical imperative because politics in practice often contrast with law in theory? How? Why?

Can the intricacies of human intuition and subconscious bias in pattern recognition be accurately replicated or even surpassed by artificial intelligence, and if so, what are the potential ethical implications and societal impacts of such technological advancement?

How similar are natural law and common sense? How? Why?

Dear Researchers and Scientists, Friends and Colleagues,

In my opinion, answering the above question, I state that the role of applying the principles of ethics, culture and respect towards other people, other cultures, other value systems, etc. in the development of scientific cooperation, including the conduct of interdisciplinary research projects, scientific cooperation within the framework of international teams of researchers and scientists, within the framework of the ongoing discussions on the discussion forum of this Research Gate portal. Do you agree with me?

In the discussion forum of this Research Gate portal, in order to inspire discussion on various research topics, I have formulated many questions and theses.

I am glad that many of these questions turned out to inspire discussions involving many researchers, scientists, experts in a particular field, people who conduct scientific research on a particular issue, people who publish in their scientific publications the results of their research, people who are interested in a particular issue taken up in the mentioned questions posted on the discussion forum of this Research Gate portal.

I am glad that the questions posed on this discussion forum of the Research Gate portal have proved to be an inspiration for interesting discussions, in which noble researchers and scientists participate. In the course of these discussions, which sometimes take on the character of brainstorming, exchange of ideas, new inspirations for further research topics emerge, new research concepts are formed, proposals for new topics for theses are made, etc. Within the framework of the discussions held, researchers and scientists exchange their experiences of their scientific research, present their research results, inspire scientific cooperation, point out other new insights on certain issues. Thanks to this, there are inspirations for new research directions, for undertaking scientific cooperation in various topics and also for interdisciplinary research teams, etc. This is the key purpose of this discussion forum of the Research Gate portal.

However, I am very saddened when the participating researchers and scientists in the framework of the discussions held, instead of a desire for understanding, understanding, respect towards other people, the participants in the discussions representing other scientific communities, other cultures, other countries instead of respect and culture generate negative emotions, instead of substantive arguments in support of their theses turn to other Persons with invectives and negative expressions, i.e. act contrary to the principles of ethics and the basics of culture, ignoring the principles of ethics of research and science, also ignoring the principles of ethics of this discussion forum. So I very much ask you to follow the rules of culture and respect other people participating in discussions. This is important because aggression generates aggression and respect generates respect. Hopefully, looking to the future, I believe that those fortunately mentioned above situations of negative nature were few and in the future there will be none, and that on the discussion forum of the Research Gate portal, everyone participating in discussions will apply respect to other people, participants in discussions and also regardless of whether other participants in discussions represent other scientific communities, other cultures, other countries and so on.

Faced with the development of various global problems, in trying to solve these problems we should all look for what unites us and not what divides us. This is the key to the development of our scientific cooperation and also to jointly solve various global problems.

Therefore, in the situation of participating in discussions on this Research Gate portal, I therefore very much ask you to apply the principles of ethics, culture and respect for others.

And what is your opinion on this topic?

Please feel free to respond,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Thank you,

I extend my warmest greetings to all participants in the discussions on the Research Gate portal,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Significantly, the process of conducting research and writing a thesis is a fundamental part of academic development, and it is typically guided by experienced academic supervisors. In many educational institutions, especially in Africa, students often embark on the journey of academic research with the expectation of receiving critical guidance from their supervisors. However, a growing concern has emerged in recent years regarding the quality and nature of academic supervision, especially in the context of thesis and manuscript preparation (For instance, a colleague recently shared his experience with me).

Substantially, in the space of academic, supervisors play a pivotal role in the success of their students' research endeavors (see e.g.,Jibao et al., 2017; Bayona-Oré, 2021 with DOI no: 10.36681/tused.2021.90) . They are expected to provide technical guidance, mentorship, and critical feedback to ensure that the research aligns with academic standards and objectives (see Bacwayo et al., 2o17 with DOI: 10.18488/journal.61/2017.5.3/61.3.29.39). The supervisor-student relationship is built on trust, with the understanding that the supervisor will offer support and guidance throughout the research process (Again, see Bayona-Oré, 2021 with DOI no: 10.36681/tused.2021.90).

Despite the ideal expectations, many students, especially in Africa, face challenges in their interactions with academic supervisors. One common issue is the lack of sufficient guidance, leaving students to navigate the complexities of research largely on their own. This can result in delays, frustration, and a decreased quality of research output. Additionally, the mismatch between expectations and actual supervision can lead to students feeling unsupported and undervalued.

Incontrovertibly, in Africa, it is not uncommon for supervisors to request or demand that they be listed as the corresponding author when students prepare manuscripts based on their theses. While this practice may raise ethical concerns, it is important to analyze the motivations and implications of this phenomenon. Furthermore, when reviewers' comments are received, the burden of responding to these comments often falls on the student, creating a paradox in which authorship and responsibility are misaligned.

At the back of this, the issue of academic supervision and authorship raises ethical questions that merit further exploration. What are the ethical responsibilities of supervisors in guiding their students? Should students who conduct the majority of the research and manuscript preparation retain corresponding authorship? How can institutions and academic communities address these ethical dilemmas to ensure fairness and transparency?

This discussion calls for a critical examination of the dynamics of academic supervision and authorship, focusing on how to enhance the support provided to students. It invites scholars, students, and academic institutions to reflect on the prevailing practices, ethical implications, and potential reforms that could ensure a more equitable and nurturing research environment.

I, eagerly await your invaluable contribution (s) regarding this important academic discussion. Thank you all....

Who agrees that an open society, where everyone’s needs are met, is the most ethical system? Why? How?( ) My answer: I agree because ethics come from common sense, empathy, and symmetry(also known as natural law). Thus the most ethical society is open with harm avoidance and reciprocity. And that culture would have been derived from tradition, risk analysis, and skin in the game. And thus derived from firstly metaphysics, secondly epistemology, thirdly aesthetics, fourthly ethics, fifthly morality and finally politics. And thus would hold the moral imperatives of diversity, equity and inclusion. My methods to harmonize:

Who agrees that humans can never judge their own ethics, therefore God(the perfect, all-knowing, all-powerful creator) is the ultimate absolver and ultimate judge? How? Why?

How can genetic engineering be implemented while abiding by the ethics derived from tradition, then risk analysis and finally skin in the game?

How are researchers addressing the ethical considerations and privacy concerns associated with collecting and analyzing big data?