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Laboratory - Science topic

A laboratory is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific research, experiments, and measurement may be performed.
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Literature on the above subject will be welcomed
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Hi,
Two links for OECD and FDA GLP standards should be useful at preparation stage.
OECD
FDA
Another group of regulations (good to be familiar with the content) are:
EMA (2016) Guideline on non-clinical local tolerance testing of medicinal products. EMA/CHMP/SWP/2145/2000 Rev. 1, Corr. 1*, 1-9.
FDA (2003) Exposure-Response Relationships – Study Design, Data Analysis, and Regulatory Applications. 1-28
ICH (1994) Topic E 4 Dose Response Information to Support Drug Registration CPMP/ICH/378/95, 1-10.
ICH (2010) Guidance For Industry M3(R2) Nonclinical Safety Studies For The Conduct Of Human Clinical Trials And Marketing Authorization For Pharmaceuticals.
ICH (2012) Guideline S6 (R1) – Preclinical Safety Evaluation Of Biotechnology-Derived Pharmaceuticals.
ICH (2009) ICH guideline M3(R2) on non-clinical safety studies for the conduct of human clinical trials and marketing authorisation for pharmaceuticals. EMA/CPMP/ICH/286/1995, 1-26.
P. Haley, R. Perry, D. Ennulat, S. Frame, C. Johnson, J.-M. Lapointe, A. Nyska, P.W. Snyder, D. Walker, and G. Walter (2005). STP Position Paper: Best Practice Guideline for the Routine Pathology Evaluation of the Immune System. Toxicol Pathol 2005 33: 404-407.
EMA (2012) Guideline on bioanalytical method validation EMEA/CHMP/EWP/192217/2009, 1-22.
FDA (2013) Bioanalytical Method Validation.1-34.
WHO (2002) Use of anticoagulants in diagnostic laboratory investigations. & Stability of blood, plasma and serum samples. WHO/DIL/LAB/99.1 Rev.2., 1-64
EC (2006) Appendix A Of The European Convention For The Protection Of Vertebrate Animals Used For Experimental And Other Scientific Purposes (ETS NO. 123) Guidelines For Accommodation And Care Of Animals (article 5 of the convention) approved by the multilateral consultation.
EC (2010) DIRECTIVE 2010/63/EU of The European Parliament And Of The Council On The Protection Of Animals Used For Scientific Purposes Text With EEA Relevance.
EC (2012) Commission implementing decision of 14 November 2012 establishing a common format for the submission of the information pursuant to directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and of the council on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes (notified under document C(2012) 8064) (text with EEA relevance) (2012/707/EU)
FDA (2009) Guidance For Industry Animal Models - Essential Elements To Address Efficacy Under The Animal Rule.
FDA (2003) guidance for industry source animal, product, preclinical, and clinical issues concerning the use of xenotransplantation products in humans.
Please note that some regulations are updated. This panel present only some range of activities. Not all dependent on profile of the lab will be applicable. I'm not sure you need GMP for preclinical testing but its depends on lab profile (in case of DP/DS stability testing GMP is expected). Moreover different countries apply for different roles but best way is be in line with ICH interpretation (generally "highly regulated" markets).
Key steps in GLP lab setup cover:
1. Establish a GLP Quality Assurance Program
2. Appoint a Study Director responsible for overall GLP compliance
3. Implement a Quality Assurance Unit (QAU) that is independent of the testing facility
4. Develop Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) covering all aspects of the lab operations
5. Ensure Proper Facilities and Equipment
6. Provide separate areas for different activities to prevent interference and disturbances
7. Implement a program for qualification, calibration, and maintenance of all equipment
8. Characterize Test Items and Test Systems
9. Thoroughly document and characterize the test and reference items used in studies
10. Carefully select and document the test systems (e.g. animal models, cell lines)
11. Establish Robust Study Plans and Procedures
12. Develop detailed study protocols and SOPs for conducting studies
13. Ensure raw data, final reports, and archives are properly maintained
14. Hire and Train Qualified Personnel
15. Ensure staff have the necessary qualifications and training for their roles
16. Provide ongoing training to maintain GLP compliance
17. Leverage External Expertise and Resources
18. Consider hiring GLP consultants to help establish the facility and processes
19. Utilize pre-validated protocols and equipment qualification procedures
Hope it helps,
Best regards
Tomasz
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Today, I found that our following Preprint PDF is available on ResearchGate
Potential Lithium Sedimentary Deposits of the Land and Deep Oceans
January 2024
DOI: 10.20944/preprints202312.0073.v2
LicenseCC BY 4.0
Lab: V. Balaram's Lab
V. Balaram, John S. Armstrong-AltrinRiyaz M. KhanB. Srinivasa Rao
This manuscript was rejected by Minerals
Minerals deleted it already
We are in the process of communicating with other journals
This Preprint on ResearchGate is creating problems for us when we communicate this manuscript to any other journals
Since the preprint is available online, our manuscript is not passing through the Similarity Test.
Hence, I request you to kindly delete the above preprint PDF from ResearchGate and help us publish this manuscript in a Good Journal
Regards
V. Balaram
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You addressed your question to the open Q&A forum here on RG. It is unlikely that anyone of the RG team will see this. But back to your question, the thing is that most preprints (of in this case Preprints.org) are added to the RG database automatically, as you can see here https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377640214_Potential_Lithium_Sedimentary_Deposits_of_the_Land_and_Deep_Oceans (no one of the (co-)authors added it).
You already took step one: withdraw the preprint https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202312.0073/v1
In most cases the corresponding publication page cannot be removed as you read here https://help.researchgate.net/hc/en-us/articles/14293099743121-How-to-make-content-private-or-remove-it but if you scroll down you see the contact info.
S0, step two is to contact the RG team. With the message (and link) that the preprint is removed I guess the RG people will act upon your request to remove it completely.
Best regards.
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We are an R&D laboratory focused on anionic, cationic, and zwitterionic surfactants and usually tackle surfactant synthesis and analysis of products from customers. In particular, we deal with AOS (alpha-olefin sulfonates), primary alcohol sulfates, betaines, amphoacetates, amine-oxides.. etc. To gear our analytical laboratory up, we identified an HPLC-MS (single quadrupole) instrument as a valuable addition to comply with unmet needs that have risen in the last years, like figuring out the outcome of the new reaction and investigating byproducts and new raw materials. Currently, we are evaluating three choices: Agilent LC/MSD, Waters Acquity Arc System (with Qa Acquity Detector), and Shimadzu LC-MS2050. Could anyone in this field share their experiences with these instruments? and suggest which of them is the most reliable for this application. Thank you so much for your attention and participation.
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In general, the best LC/MS system for analyzing surfactants will depend on your specific analytical requirements and preferences, so it is essential to evaluate different systems based on factors such as performance, ease of use, sample compatibility and workflow. In addition, consulting with experts in the field and looking at user reviews can provide valuable insights into the strengths and limitations of different systems.
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This question needed to be answered to a civil engineering student studying his first year right now.
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1. Laboratory Tests:
a. Physical Tests: These tests are conducted to assess the physical properties of cement, such as setting time, soundness, and consistency. Some common tests include Vicat needle test for setting time, soundness test using the Le Chatelier method, and consistence test using the Vee-Bee Consistometer.
b. Chemical Tests: These tests are performed to determine the chemical composition of cement and ensure it meets the required specifications. Some common chemical tests include chemical analysis (determination of oxide composition), sulfate content test, chlorine content test, and alkali content test.
2. Field Tests:
a. Compression Strength Test: This test is conducted to evaluate the strength of cement in concrete samples under compression loading conditions. Cylindrical or cubic concrete specimens are prepared and cured for a specific period before being subjected to compression testing.
b. Slump Test: This field test is used to measure the consistency or workability of fresh concrete mixtures by determining the slump value. The slump cone is filled with freshly mixed concrete, and after compacting, it is lifted to measure the amount of slump.
c. Air Content Test: This test is performed to determine the air content in freshly mixed concrete using methods such as the pressure method or vacuum method.
In both laboratory and field tests, proper sampling techniques are essential for obtaining representative samples that accurately reflect the properties of the cement or concrete mixture under investigation.
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Hello everyone,
I have a monoclinic C2 space group single crystal sample glued to a tenon plate. I know the surface normal direction and the edge plan of the crystal. Also, I know the XY plane of the tenon plate. How can I get the Euler angles to relate the frames of the sample and the tenon plate (Lab frame)?
Any article or suggestion on how to go about this problem will be much appreciated. Thanks in advance
(I have also attached a picture of the crystal on the plate. The circle in the picture marks the surface normal direction (1 0 -2) and the edge plane is (0 1 0). The blue vectors represent the frame of the tenon plate) ​
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Please read Busing-Levy articles; if you want, I can send them to you. They have developed an algorithm called, the Busing - Levy algorithm, which involves a lot of Matrix operations only. First, you should use a U Matrix called a Material Matrix. Then B Matrix. After finding these two matrices one can find out the angles for the h k l values and scan it for all the planes and finally collect the data and solve the single crystal structure.
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In the journal, "THE TRANSITION FROM GEL SEPARATORY SERUM TUBES TO LITHIUM HEPARIN GEL TUBES IN THE CLINICAL LABORATORY" by Oğuzhan Zengi, In what ways does the use of LIH tubes impact laboratory workload and efficiency compared to traditional serum tubes, especially considering the potential benefits of reduced aspiration errors and false results?
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Additionally, with lithium heparin tubes there is noworry about clot formation (normally) and this is a time saver in getting the blood analyzed.
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A colleague is seeking a laboratory to conduct Cryptococcus immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cat tissues. Cryptococcus-compatible structures were observed within lesions, and a special stain was performed; however, she seeks definitive confirmation through immunohistochemistry to enhance the report.
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Thank you Subbash. I did that and did not find any laboratory that offers this service. I hope to find a research lab, though.
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How do I create a research lab on research gate?
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Go to your profile page, scroll down and on the right side comes Lab. Click it and just follow the instructions.
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Based on the conclusion of the article entitled, "Red and white blood cell morphology characterization and hands-on time analysis by the digital cell imaging analyzer DI-60" DI-60 may contribute to the improvement of laboratory efficiency with increased feasibility. However, for abnormal samples, it should be utilized carefully with other indicators such as CBCs and flags from the hematology analyzer. Caution is also required when reporting the borderline results of RBC morphologies considering the imprecision of DI-60. With that being said, I want to know other analyzers which can cater the demand for an accurate and precise detection both from abnormal and normal cases, especially since working in the laboratory means encountering more abnormal cases.
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The XN series from the same brand is another generation of hematological analyzers that offers more advanced features which make them more preferrable for measurement of abnormal samples. In a study by Kim et. al. (2017), the researchers compared the performance of Sysmex DI-60 with Sysmex XN. They found that although the platelet counts by both analyzers highly correlate, Sysmex DI-60 underperformed in comparison due to its underestimation of platelet counts in samples with marked thrombocytosis.
Reference:
Kim, H., Hur, M., Kim, H., Kim, S., Moon, H. & Yun, Y. (2018). Performance of automated digital cell imaging analyzer Sysmex DI-60. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM), 56(1), 94-102. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2017-0132
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Is there any Neuroscience Lab PI from any American university here? i want to know about their research work
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Brain doesn't exist. "Brain" is just an idea in consciousness.
See my paper "How Self-Reference Builds the World".
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According to Sundareshan and Khardori (2019), "The expectation is that antibiotic resistance can be prevented through the genotypic identification of bacteria and their antibiotic-resistance genes in the diagnostic microbiology laboratory. Clinical studies are still required to validate the genotypic approach to antimicrobial susceptibility testing." How do we validate DNA-based assays for antimicrobial susceptibility testing? How do we know if the approach is effective for the detection of bacteria and bacterial resistance genes?
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Validating the genotypic approach to antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) involves several steps to ensure its accuracy, reliability, and clinical relevance. Here's an overview of the process: Identification of Target Genes or Mutations, Development of Molecular Assays, Validation of Assay Performance, Comparative Studies, Clinical Evaluation, Quality Control Measures, Regulatory Approval, Continuous Monitoring, and Improvement, By following these steps, the genotypic approach to antimicrobial susceptibility testing can be thoroughly validated and integrated into routine clinical practice, providing valuable information for guiding antimicrobial therapy and combating antimicrobial resistance.
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According to the journal presented by Neuwinger, Büschenfelde, and Kappert (2019), lactate dehydrogenase activity can falsely increase because of underfilling the blood specimen tube. Stated in the discussion part, "test results obtained in underfilled blood tubes should be communicated by the diagnostic laboratory with an attached comment pointing to the possibility of a falsely elevated test result". My question is derived from the mentioned part of the journal:
Should a medical laboratory scientist be in the situation of underfilling a blood specimen, what proper solution or protocol must be applied? Would the researcher's recommendation suffice?
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According to Center for Phlebotomy Education (n.d.), sending tubes to the lab that are not adequately filled could lead to inaccurate test results and misguide physicians, potentially causing patients to receive incorrect medication or diagnosis. To increase the likelihood of identifying the bacteria causing bacteremia, it's crucial to collect a sufficient amount of blood for a culture. If less than 20cc of blood is collected from an adult patient, it's recommended to fill the aerobic vial with the maximum volume rather than splitting smaller amounts between two vials. Since most septicemias are caused by aerobic organisms or facultative anaerobes, it's important to prioritize aerobic vials. About 16% of unacceptable specimens are reported to be underfilled, so healthcare workers responsible for specimen collection should always have smaller volume tubes on hand to ensure specimen integrity and accurate results, especially when draws don't go as planned.
Reference:
Center for Phlebotomy Education (n.d.) Underfilling Tubes. Retrieved from https://www.phlebotomy.com/underfilling-tubes.html
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We would like to buy a new cell counting device for our Lab, and we're searching for a device, with a reasonable price. However, we're not sure about the reliability and the reproducibility of the results using different devices, including Logos LUNA II, Thermofisher Countess II, Biorad TC20, etc.
personally, I've used LUNA II with their 2-chamber slides and I was happy with the repeatability. Also I've used Countess II with reusable slides which was not a satisfactory experience. But I can't make a decision between the two as they were not both with single-use chamber slides.
I would appreciate if anyone can provide a head-to-head comparison, or device-to-hemocytometer comparison, or at least share their device reliability experience?
Many thanks.
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Hello Ali Babaie ,
Although you probably already decided on a cell counter here is a paper comparing the results of a hemocytometer with an automated cell counter:
However choosing the right cell counter for you always depends on your needs. Reliability, Throughput, Cell type, concentration matter in the decision.
Most companies offer Application notes on their websites stating the accuracy of their devices.
Comparing customer experiences on e.g. Select Science might also help.
But the best way to find the right fit is to try them out in a demonstration.
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A Vacancy of Sr Scientist
Duration: 12 months
Location: Bethesda, MD/USA
Job Description:
Contribute to the generation of stable cell lines for vaccine and therapeutic protein candidates including monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, and virus-like particles.
Independently execute each step of the cell line development process including plasmid production, transfection, single cell cloning, clone expansion in static culture plates and shake flasks, fed-batch analysis, and clone stability studies.
Use automated platforms for clone selection and screening.
Prepare plasmid DNA using standard molecular cloning techniques.
Participate in cell line development platform design, optimization, and cycle-time reduction studies including methods for clone selection, expansion, ranking, and characterization.
Perform small-scale process development studies using various culture vessels including tissue culture plates, shake flasks, and small-scale bioreactors.
Generate stable pools and perform transient protein production for supply of reagent-grade material.
Provide laboratory support for medium preparation and ordering of supplies.
Perform maintenance of cell counters and bioprocess analyzers, coordination of service visits, and regular ordering of consumables.
Train other laboratory personnel on use of equipment and corresponding processes.
Write and review technical reports documenting process development studies and stable cell line generation work.
Work with other team members to generate experimental plans for process development studies.
Write and review standard operating procedures for cell line development processes and instrumentation.
Maintain complete documentation records, including a detailed and up-to-date laboratory notebook, to support regulatory filings.
Regularly communicate progress to team lead and present work to cell line development team .
Experience Required
B.S. in Biological Sciences with a minimum of 5 years of relevant work experience or M.S. in Biological Sciences with independent research experience in an academic or industrial setting.
Hands-on experience with aseptic technique and mammalian cell culture along with supporting technologies for cell line engineering including cell counting, high-throughput transfection, single-cell cloning, and flow cytometry.
Experience in preparing technical reports, standard operating procedures, and data presentations.
Ability to work independently to execute defined experiments and troubleshoot issues as needed to meet project timelines.
Ability to effectively communicate plans, results, challenges, and ideas to other team members in oral and written forms.
Familiarity with computer software for word processing and data analysis.
Experience in monoclonal antibody and/or vaccine production.
Kindly send me your resume in Word format
Earliest availability for the assignment:
Earliest availability for the Interview:
Current location:
Are you ready to relocate?
Preferred contact number.
If you know anyone who would be interested, please, let me know.
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Thank you Mr. Hossen.
I already sent your CV to the recruiter.
I wish you best luck.
Pedro
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In the research paper "The transition from gel separatory serum tubes to lithium heparin gel tubes in the clinical laboratory," what were the main factors considered in evaluating the impact of the transition on laboratory operations, and how were they assessed?
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When assessing the effects of switching from gel separatory serum tubes to lithium heparin gel tubes in the clinical laboratory, the research study considered several important variables – Hemolysis rates, analyte stability, turnaround times, and specimen rejection rates. Hemolysis rates were determined by comparing the frequency of hemolyzed samples before and after the transition; a lower rate denoted better sample quality. Analyte stability was assessed by comparing the changes in analyte concentrations over time in samples collected using the new tube type to the previous tube type. Turnaround times were tracked to see if the change had an impact on how efficiently laboratory workflows operated; any notable deviations from standard suggested possible problems. To determine whether the change had any effect on sample acceptability and laboratory performance, specimen rejection rates were also examined. In a study conducted by Wei et. al (2010), Anti-coagulated blood samples such as lithium heparin gel tubes, are ready to be tested once they are obtained from the patients compared to serum blood samples which needed an ample amount of time to clot completely before being centrifuged. Moreover, interferences regarding coagulation can still be ongoing for serum samples even after centrifugation compared to plasma samples, which can avoid these clotting-related problems.
Reference: Wei, Y., Zhang, C., Yang, X., & Ji, M. (2010). The feasibility of using lithium-heparin plasma from a gel separator tube as a substitute for serum in clinical biochemical tests. Laboratory Medicine, 41(4), 215-219. https://doi.org/10.1309/lmixvai70ks0uwqi
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This question is directed on the performance of the Sysmex DI-60 digital morphology analyzer and its contributions on the improvement in the laboratory workflow. I am curious as to what capabilities of the analyzer could potentially reduce the long TAT and tedious process of performing manual methods which may possibly eliminate/lessen the need to perform manual methods.
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Over the years, several hematology analyzers have been developed, but they have been limited in their ability to provide information about abnormal morphologies. This limitation has caused many laboratories to continue relying heavily on manual counts, which are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and prone to reviewer subjectivity errors. However, the Sysmex DI-60 analyzer has been proven to significantly improve the speed and accuracy of sample processing by reducing long TAT and manual processes. Its outstanding ability to locate, identify, and characterize both normal and abnormal RBCs and WBCs sets it apart from the previous analyzers. The system and criteria that are set for this machine also enable it to review flagged and unidentified cells, which in turn can be checked and verified by medical technologists. With this in mind, the TAT can be reduced in a much shorter time because medical technologists will no longer have to dreadfully examine manual PBS samples, especially for those working at tertiary hospitals and heavily worked laboratories that run hundreds of samples every day. Combining the efficient and precise performance of DI-60 and the effective skills and mastery of medical technologists to verify results sets the Sysmex DI-60 as a game-changer in the field of hematology and a valuable asset to laboratories seeking to improve their efficiency and accuracy.
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I am trying to do a reduction reaction of 4-Hydroxybenzophenone using TiCl4/Zn. Can anyone suggest me which form of TiCl4 (for example Titanium(IV) chloride, 1M soln. in dichloromethane, Titanium(IV) chloride, 99.99% (metals basis), Titanium(IV) chloride, 99.9%) is ideal for this reaction in laboratory scale.
Thank you
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Victor Murithi Thank you so much. Could you please explain the handling protocol of this chemical. Since it is highly volatile and reactive how can it be weighed accurately and safely?
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What are the laboratory procedures for identifying the concentrations of formic acid and acetic acid in aqueous solutions using titration, spectrophotometry, or gas chromatography methods (excluding HPLC and IC methods)?
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You need to specify the expected concentration range. The method selection will be greatly affected by the range you need to measure.
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Oguzhan Zhengi, the sole author of the journal entitled “The Transition from Gel Separatory Serum Tubes to Lithium Heparin Gel Tubes in the Clinical Laboratory”, stated that a specific criteria was adhered to when handling the specimens. Throughout the Methodology, Zhengi explained the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) Criteria - GP34-A:2010. What was the content of this specific criteria and how did he utilize this document?
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Oguzhan Zhengi utilized the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) Criteria - GP34-A:2010 upon handling his specimens for testing. It is a consensus-based medical laboratory standards which is most widely recognized resource for continually improving testing quality, safety, and efficiency. In the Methodology part of the journal, he stated that recommendations of the tube manufacturers were followed concerning tube inversions, clotting time, and centrifugation characteristics while still adhering to the said CLSI criteria. The CLSI Criteria utilized contains specific guidelines on the validation and verification of tubes for venous and capillary blood specimen collections. Through this, the samples were centrifuged for 1800 g for 10 minutes and visual inspection of sample quality indicators which included hemolysis, lipemia, icterus, fibrin, and clots were taken into careful consideration.
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Campolestis chloridae, a parasitoid with promising implications for insect pest management, is the focus of our current research project. We are seeking expertise in rearing this species to further our investigations.
We are looking for its nucleus culture if available anywhere in India or Abroad or its incidence so that we can get field collected larvae or cocoons to initiate its Culturing.
Our laboratory is equipped with standard insect rearing facilities. However, we are encountering challenges specific to Campolestis chloridae and would appreciate insights from researchers with direct experience.
Contributing to this research project offers the opportunity to advance our understanding of parasitoid biology and its applications in pest management. Collaboration could lead to joint publications and further opportunities for research in this field.
Suggestions are kindly invited.
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Dear Dr. Shraddha,
You can refer to the below mentioned links of research papers of some eminent scientists and researchers who have worked efficiently on the rearing of Campolestis chloridae and its related aspects.
I Hope it works.
Best wishes for your project.
Regards
Naveen
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I'm eager to gain further insights into the Sysmex DI-60, particularly its relevance and importance in the clinical laboratory.
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Since technological advancements and innovations are pivotal in this era, utilizing automatic analyzers such as Sysmex DI-60 is an invaluable asset in streamlining processes and revolutionizing the efficiency of medical laboratories. Some specific ways through which it can contribute to the further improvement of lab efficiency include the following. First, higher laboratory throughput—because it can manage a lot of samples—which boosts the ability of laboratories to conduct tests without compromising the accuracy and precision of the work done. Second, there is a reduced need for manual intervention, and the analyzer can test multiple parameters, thereby simplifying the overall testing process and decreasing the TAT of test results. With the use of Sysmex Di-60, efficient data management can also be achieved through, for instance, the integration of laboratory information systems (LIS). Lastly, DI-60 may offer remote access and connectivity features, which allows for proactive maintenance and troubleshooting.
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Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) testing is a molecular biology technique used to amplify and analyze DNA or RNA samples. So, To perform PCR testing, which list of laboratory apparatus and equipment is required?
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PCR lab equipment
1. DNA Thermal cycler
2. Micro-centrifuge
3. Quick-spin Mini centrifuge
4. Vortex mixer
5. Analytical balance
6. Adjustable pipettes (0.2-5ul, 5-10ul, 10-20ul, 10-100ul, 100-1000ul)
7. Gel electrophoresis apparatus (gel caster and combs, casting dams, agarose gel electrophoresis tanks, DC Power Supply (100-300 volts),
8. Water bath
9. Dry bath
10. Gel documentation system.
11. Refrigerator (-20oC)
12. Real time PCR machine
13. Desktop computer
14. Biosafety hood/laminar flow
15. Autoclave
16. Cool box
17. PCR tube racks
18. Cold storage rack
19. Weighing tray
20. 0.2 ml PCR tubes
21. 1.5 ml tubes
22. TAE and TBE buffers
23. Agarose gel powder
24. Red safe stain
25. DNA ladder
26. Spatula
27. PCR master mix
28. Nuclease-free water
29. Primers
30. Pipette tips ((5ul, 10-20ul, 100ul, 1000ul)
31. Floating rack
32. Nucleic acid purification kit
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What is a phenomenon called "false vacuum collapse"?
as you know :
Mean field energy and bubble formation. The cloud is initially prepared in FV with all atoms in |↑⟩ (A). Although the single spin mode |↓⟩ is lower in energy in the center of the cloud (E↓E↑), the opposite is true in the low-density tails. The interface (domain wall) between ferromagnetic regions with opposite magnetism has positive (kinetic) energy, which is added to the minimum double energy resulting from ferromagnetic interaction. Macroscopic tunneling can occur resonantly in the bubble mode (B), which has a |↓⟩ bubble in the center. The increase in core energy compensates for the cost of domain-wall energy. Crossing the barrier can be caused by quantum fluctuations at zero temperature (full arrow) or by thermal fluctuations at finite temperature (empty arrow). After the tunneling process, the bubble size increases in the presence of dissipation to reach the true vacuum (TV) state (C), without returning to (A). Credit: Nature Physics (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41567-023-02345-4
An experiment carried out in Italy with theoretical support from the University of Newcastle provided the first experimental evidence of vacuum decay.
In quantum field theory, when a not-so-stable state becomes a true stable state, it is called a "pseudovacuum collapse." This happens through the creation of small local bubbles. While existing theoretical work can predict how often this bubble formation occurs, there is not much empirical evidence.
The Pitaevskii Center for Supercold Atoms Laboratory for the Bose-Einstein Condensation in Trento reports for the first time observations of phenomena related to the stability of our universe. The results are the result of a collaboration between the University of Newcastle, the National Institute of Optics CNR, the Department of Physics at the University of Trento and TIFFA-INFEN and are published in Nature Physics.
The results are supported by theoretical simulations and numerical models, confirming the origin of the decay quantum field and its thermal activation, and opening the way to simulate out-of-equilibrium quantum field phenomena in atomic systems.
This experiment uses a supercooled gas at a temperature less than one microkelvin from absolute zero. At this temperature, the bubbles appear as the vacuum collapses, and Newcastle University's Professor Ian Moss and Dr Tom Billam were able to conclusively show that the bubbles are the result of heat-activated vacuum collapse.
Ian Moss, Professor of Theoretical Cosmology at Newcastle University's School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, said: "Vacuum collapse is thought to play a central role in the creation of space, time and matter in the Big Bang, but so far it has not. In particle physics, the decay of the Higgs boson vacuum changes the laws of physics and creates what has been described as the 'ultimate ecological catastrophe'."
Dr Tom Bilam, Senior Lecturer in Applied/Quantum Mathematics, added: "Using the power of ultracold atom experiments to simulate analogues of quantum physics in other systems – in this case the early universe itself – is a very exciting area of research. the moment."
This research opens new avenues in understanding the early universe as well as ferromagnetic quantum phase transitions.
This groundbreaking experiment is only the first step in the discovery of vacuum decay. The ultimate goal is to find vacuum decay at absolute zero temperature, where the process is driven solely by quantum vacuum fluctuations. An experiment in Cambridge, supported by Newcastle as part of the national QSimFP collaboration, is doing just that.
Stam Nicolis added a reply:
Just what the name says: There are many physical systems, whose potential energy, in the absence of fluctuations, possesses more than one minima. If these minima are not degenerate, it can occur that one is the absolute minimum, however, due to the choice of initial conditions, the system is found in another minimum. In the absence of fluctuations, it will stay in the potential well of that minimum.
In the presence of fluctuations, it can occur that the relative minimum is no longer a minimum: In that case the system won't stay there forever and it is possible to compute the rate at which it will evolve to another state.
While the presence of fluctuations is a necessary condition, it isn't sufficient for transitions to be possible.
Sergey Shevchenko added a reply:
What is a phenomenon called "false vacuum collapse"?”
- the answer to this question is: the question really is absurdity, since really there cannot be fundamentally any “false vacuum”, i.e. that really is an fundamental absurdity, and so its “collapse” is absurdity as well.
Though yeah, in mainstream physics really rather numerous fantastic/mystic “true/false vacuums” really exist, and corresponding publications, where corresponding fantastic/mystic properties and effects of/in the vacuums are “discovered”, are well popular and numerous.
That exists in the mainstream completely logically inevitably from the fact that in the mainstream all really fundamental phenomena/notions, first of all on this case “Matter”– and so everything in Matter, i.e. “particles”, “fundamental Nature forces” – and so “fields”, etc., including “vacuum”, “Consciousness”, “Space”, “Time”, “Energy”, “Information”, are fundamentally completely transcendent/uncertain/irrational,
- and so in every case when the mainstream addresses to something that is really fundamental, the results completely inevitably are only some the fantasies.
More see recent SS post in https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_is_a_super_vacuum_Is_the_earth_in_a_vacuum_And_what_is_dark_energy , and links in the post; reDzennn comment, 9/8 [because of too active moderator] passages, to a Nature Physics (2024) paper in
Zoltan Vilagosh added a reply:
Not that complicated really. False vacuum example = because you cannot see over the hill, you think are at the lowest level possible. This makes you think you have no potential energy left. But a surprise awaits if you make it to the top of the hill...you tumble lower onto the vast endless plain on the other side.
__/\O/\
\
\__O
Sergey Shevchenko added a reply:
“…Not that complicated really. False vacuum example = because you cannot see over the hill, you think are at the lowest level possible. This makes you think you have no potential energy left. But a surprise awaits if you make it to the top of the hill...you tumble lower onto the vast endless plain on the other side. …..”
- that above looks as tooo not complicated passage really, though, again, on such level the authors of the paper in a top physical Nature Physics (2024) journal also thought,
- which “discovered” “false vacuum bubbles decays” in some Bose-Einstein Cond sate of Na-23 atoms, more see reDzennn comment, 8 passages, in https://phys.org/news/2024-01-phenomenon-false-vacuum-decay.html, the strangely removed by moderator passage is in the end of whole comments series.
Though yeah, the really full stop “false vacuum” theories are rather popular in mainstream physics, including rather popular is the theory that Matter was created soon 14 billion years ago at some “bubble in spacetime decay”. Thank heavens till now no any even small bubbles didn’t decay near Earth, and nowhere in Space at all, in last 10 billion of years Milky Way existence.
However, again, this full stop – and so quite easily composed - fantasies are so rather popular, and in this case so some people don’t like the comment, correspondingly it is heavily “down voted”.
Juan Weisz added a reply
Perhaps vacuum does not collapse,
but you know the saying, nature abhors vacuum.
Harri Shore added a reply
False vacuum collapse is a theoretical concept in particle physics and cosmology. It suggests that our universe might currently exist in a metastable vacuum state, also known as a false vacuum. If this false vacuum were to collapse to a lower energy state, it could trigger catastrophic consequences, such as the destruction of all matter and the laws of physics as we know them. This hypothetical scenario is based on certain models in quantum field theory and the structure of the universe. However, there is currently no empirical evidence to support the occurrence of false vacuum collapse.
Harri Shore added a reply:
The "false vacuum collapse" refers to a hypothetical cosmic event that could have catastrophic implications for the universe as we know it. In theoretical physics, a vacuum state is considered to be the lowest possible energy state in which a quantum field can exist. A "true vacuum" is the absolute lowest energy state, while a "false vacuum" is a local minimum that is not the absolute lowest. The concept of a false vacuum collapse is based on the idea that if our universe currently exists in a false vacuum state, it is not truly stable but only metastable. This means there's a possibility, however minute, that a transition could occur, causing the universe to "fall" into the true vacuum state. Such a transition would propagate through space at the speed of light and fundamentally alter the laws of physics, potentially obliterating all structures in the universe as it goes.This transition could be triggered spontaneously due to quantum fluctuations or by a high-energy event. Once started, it would create a bubble of true vacuum that expands in all directions, converting the false vacuum into the true vacuum.Despite its dramatic implications, it's important to note that this is a highly speculative hypothesis and currently there is no experimental evidence to suggest that our universe is in a false vacuum state. Additionally, even if it were true, the odds of such an event happening within our lifetimes—or within the lifespan of the universe as it has existed so far—are exceedingly low.
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My dear Sergey Shevchenko
Emeritus doctor at the Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Ukraine
Hello and thank you very much for your courtesy and respect. Abbas
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What is a phenomenon called "false vacuum collapse"?
as you know :
Mean field energy and bubble formation. The cloud is initially prepared in FV with all atoms in |↑⟩ (A). Although the single spin mode |↓⟩ is lower in energy in the center of the cloud (E↓E↑), the opposite is true in the low-density tails. The interface (domain wall) between ferromagnetic regions with opposite magnetism has positive (kinetic) energy, which is added to the minimum double energy resulting from ferromagnetic interaction. Macroscopic tunneling can occur resonantly in the bubble mode (B), which has a |↓⟩ bubble in the center. The increase in core energy compensates for the cost of domain-wall energy. Crossing the barrier can be caused by quantum fluctuations at zero temperature (full arrow) or by thermal fluctuations at finite temperature (empty arrow). After the tunneling process, the bubble size increases in the presence of dissipation to reach the true vacuum (TV) state (C), without returning to (A). Credit: Nature Physics (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41567-023-02345-4
An experiment carried out in Italy with theoretical support from the University of Newcastle provided the first experimental evidence of vacuum decay.
In quantum field theory, when a not-so-stable state becomes a true stable state, it is called a "pseudovacuum collapse." This happens through the creation of small local bubbles. While existing theoretical work can predict how often this bubble formation occurs, there is not much empirical evidence.
The Pitaevskii Center for Supercold Atoms Laboratory for the Bose-Einstein Condensation in Trento reports for the first time observations of phenomena related to the stability of our universe. The results are the result of a collaboration between the University of Newcastle, the National Institute of Optics CNR, the Department of Physics at the University of Trento and TIFFA-INFEN and are published in Nature Physics.
The results are supported by theoretical simulations and numerical models, confirming the origin of the decay quantum field and its thermal activation, and opening the way to simulate out-of-equilibrium quantum field phenomena in atomic systems.
This experiment uses a supercooled gas at a temperature less than one microkelvin from absolute zero. At this temperature, the bubbles appear as the vacuum collapses, and Newcastle University's Professor Ian Moss and Dr Tom Billam were able to conclusively show that the bubbles are the result of heat-activated vacuum collapse.
Ian Moss, Professor of Theoretical Cosmology at Newcastle University's School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, said: "Vacuum collapse is thought to play a central role in the creation of space, time and matter in the Big Bang, but so far it has not. In particle physics, the decay of the Higgs boson vacuum changes the laws of physics and creates what has been described as the 'ultimate ecological catastrophe'."
Dr Tom Bilam, Senior Lecturer in Applied/Quantum Mathematics, added: "Using the power of ultracold atom experiments to simulate analogues of quantum physics in other systems – in this case the early universe itself – is a very exciting area of research. the moment."
This research opens new avenues in understanding the early universe as well as ferromagnetic quantum phase transitions.
This groundbreaking experiment is only the first step in the discovery of vacuum decay. The ultimate goal is to find vacuum decay at absolute zero temperature, where the process is driven solely by quantum vacuum fluctuations. An experiment in Cambridge, supported by Newcastle as part of the national QSimFP collaboration, is doing just that.
Stam Nicolis added a reply:
Just what the name says: There are many physical systems, whose potential energy, in the absence of fluctuations, possesses more than one minima. If these minima are not degenerate, it can occur that one is the absolute minimum, however, due to the choice of initial conditions, the system is found in another minimum. In the absence of fluctuations, it will stay in the potential well of that minimum.
In the presence of fluctuations, it can occur that the relative minimum is no longer a minimum: In that case the system won't stay there forever and it is possible to compute the rate at which it will evolve to another state.
While the presence of fluctuations is a necessary condition, it isn't sufficient for transitions to be possible.
Sergey Shevchenko added a reply:
What is a phenomenon called "false vacuum collapse"?”
- the answer to this question is: the question really is absurdity, since really there cannot be fundamentally any “false vacuum”, i.e. that really is an fundamental absurdity, and so its “collapse” is absurdity as well.
Though yeah, in mainstream physics really rather numerous fantastic/mystic “true/false vacuums” really exist, and corresponding publications, where corresponding fantastic/mystic properties and effects of/in the vacuums are “discovered”, are well popular and numerous.
That exists in the mainstream completely logically inevitably from the fact that in the mainstream all really fundamental phenomena/notions, first of all on this case “Matter”– and so everything in Matter, i.e. “particles”, “fundamental Nature forces” – and so “fields”, etc., including “vacuum”, “Consciousness”, “Space”, “Time”, “Energy”, “Information”, are fundamentally completely transcendent/uncertain/irrational,
- and so in every case when the mainstream addresses to something that is really fundamental, the results completely inevitably are only some the fantasies.
More see recent SS post in https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_is_a_super_vacuum_Is_the_earth_in_a_vacuum_And_what_is_dark_energy , and links in the post; reDzennn comment, 9/8 [because of too active moderator] passages, to a Nature Physics (2024) paper in
Zoltan Vilagosh added a reply:
Not that complicated really. False vacuum example = because you cannot see over the hill, you think are at the lowest level possible. This makes you think you have no potential energy left. But a surprise awaits if you make it to the top of the hill...you tumble lower onto the vast endless plain on the other side.
__/\O/\
\
\__O
Sergey Shevchenko added a reply:
“…Not that complicated really. False vacuum example = because you cannot see over the hill, you think are at the lowest level possible. This makes you think you have no potential energy left. But a surprise awaits if you make it to the top of the hill...you tumble lower onto the vast endless plain on the other side. …..”
- that above looks as tooo not complicated passage really, though, again, on such level the authors of the paper in a top physical Nature Physics (2024) journal also thought,
- which “discovered” “false vacuum bubbles decays” in some Bose-Einstein Cond sate of Na-23 atoms, more see reDzennn comment, 8 passages, in https://phys.org/news/2024-01-phenomenon-false-vacuum-decay.html, the strangely removed by moderator passage is in the end of whole comments series.
Though yeah, the really full stop “false vacuum” theories are rather popular in mainstream physics, including rather popular is the theory that Matter was created soon 14 billion years ago at some “bubble in spacetime decay”. Thank heavens till now no any even small bubbles didn’t decay near Earth, and nowhere in Space at all, in last 10 billion of years Milky Way existence.
However, again, this full stop – and so quite easily composed - fantasies are so rather popular, and in this case so some people don’t like the comment, correspondingly it is heavily “down voted”.
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My dear Sergey Shevchenko
Emeritus doctor at the Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Ukraine
Hello and thank you very much for your courtesy and respect. Abbas
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Hello, what is the correct way to express the biomass results measured with a laboratory digital scale? Most scientific works express it as weight, however very few express it as mass,
thank you very much
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Providers should make an effort to understand local resistance patterns including those of the referring hospitals. Such data are relevant to monitor longitudinal resistance trends and formulate regional public health interventions. The institutional antibiograms often contained insufficient isolates and multidrug resistant isolates were not routinely tested.
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liboratories can improve antibiotic selection by the following mechanism
1. antibiotic susceptibility testing
2. utilizing molecular diagnosing
3. maintaining uptated database
4. promoting antibiotic stewardship
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Dear Forum Members,
I hope this message finds you well. I am currently considering the purchase of a Q-TOF LCMS-9030 Mass Spectrometer for my laboratory, and I would greatly appreciate hearing from anyone who has experience working with this instrument.
If you have used the Q-TOF LCMS-9030, I would be interested in hearing your thoughts and experiences. Specifically, I am seeking reviews on the instrument's performance, reliability, user-friendliness, and any limitations or challenges you may have encountered.
Your insights will be incredibly valuable in helping me make an informed decision about this purchase. Thank you in advance for sharing your expertise and feedback.
Best regards.
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The LCMS-9030 quadrupole time-of-fight (Q-TOF) mass spectrometer integrates the world’s fastest and most sensitive quadrupole technology with TOF architecture. A product of Shimadzu's engineering DNA, speed and effortless performance enable the LCMS-9030 to address qualitative and quantitative challenges with genuine confidence and ease.
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Sometimes when I touch my colleague or metal bodies. i fell shock with some minor electric sound.
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Experiencing minor shocks in a lab environment could be due to static electricity buildup. Static electricity occurs when there is an imbalance of electric charges on the surface of objects. In a lab setting, various factors can contribute to the generation of static electricity:
  1. Friction: When different materials rub against each other, electrons can transfer from one material to another, leading to a buildup of static charge. For example, when you walk on a carpeted floor while wearing certain shoes, or when you handle different materials like plastics, rubber, or glass.
  2. Dry air: Low humidity environments can increase the buildup of static electricity because moisture in the air helps to dissipate charges. In dry conditions, static charges can accumulate more readily.
  3. Materials: Some materials are more prone to holding static charges than others. Synthetic materials like plastics and rubber tend to hold static charges more than natural materials like cotton or wood.
  4. Poor grounding: Improper grounding of equipment or surfaces can also contribute to static electricity buildup. If surfaces or equipment aren't properly grounded, static charges can accumulate and discharge unexpectedly.
To minimize the risk of experiencing static shocks in a lab environment, consider the following precautions:
  • Humidification: Maintain adequate humidity levels in the lab to reduce static buildup.
  • Grounding: Ensure that all equipment and surfaces are properly grounded to dissipate static charges.
  • Antistatic measures: Use antistatic materials or treatments on surfaces where static buildup is a concern.
  • Proper attire: Wear clothing made of natural materials and avoid wearing clothes and shoes that generate static electricity easily.
  • Handling: When handling sensitive electronic equipment, use antistatic wrist straps or mats to discharge static electricity safely.
  • Awareness: Be mindful of your movements and the materials you're working with to minimize friction and static buildup.
By taking these precautions and being aware of the factors contributing to static electricity, you can reduce the likelihood of experiencing minor shocks in the lab.
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I want to determine the coal density at the laboratory for reserve estimation. Please help me by providing the most appropriate materials and methods.
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I need to order an ATP Assay Kit for my work, and I found this kit on the BT Lab website. Has anyone tried the kits from this site? Because this is the first time I will order from them.
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no
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For a person whose name is the only one listed on an article that was produced in a laboratory or institution containing several researchers who contributed to the publication of this article:
does this mean that this person is a "genius" and was able to publish alone?
Or does it mean that they lack the spirit and understanding of teamwork and the courage to acknowledge other members of the laboratory?
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In future try to do research on your own and avoid co-authors if you can. It's the only way to avoid these kind of problems. And you will have more satisfaction :)
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We are using some enzymes to test in the laboratory. Trying to figure out the best method treat the waste water. The actual chemical we using are testing with enzyme based drain cleaners. Need guidance and suggestions..
Thank you.
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I can access to few-layer graphene (non-oxidized) of 3-8 layers thickness and 2-8 micrometers of diameter. Is it possible to break this material into particles of 50-100 nm averaged diameter using standard laboratory equipment without altering its oxidation state?
Thank you in advance
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Breaking micron-sized few-layer graphene into nano-sized particles can be achieved through various methods, primarily involving mechanical or chemical approaches. Mechanical methods include ultrasonication, where high-frequency sound waves are applied to disintegrate the graphene flakes into smaller particles. Chemical methods involve treating the graphene with strong oxidizing agents, causing it to swell and exfoliate into smaller flakes. Ball milling is another mechanical method, utilizing grinding and impact forces to break down the graphene into nano-sized particles. Liquid-phase exfoliation disperses the graphene in a solvent, followed by shear forces to exfoliate it further. Electrochemical exfoliation applies an electric field to induce delamination of graphene layers into smaller particles. Each method offers unique advantages and considerations, tailored to specific applications and desired particle sizes.
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We think that the constants h and reduced h could have equations. Once discovered, the ratio (E/f)=h could be determined theoretically. And the effect on physics is a big change will be that set of constants can be calculated without going through laboratories!
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Wolfgang Konle,
Preston Guynn,
Many thanks.
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I just doing synthesis for Quartenary Ammonium Chloride in my Lab. When I analysis using FTIR ATR, there's one peak with 150% transmittance. How to fix it? If there's any possibilities for a peak above 100%?
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Thomas is correct. However 150% transmittinace is the equivalent of negative absorbance,. What it means in practice is that the ATR element was not clean when you recorded the background. There is/was something on the crystal nt present in your sample. Unless the peaks is CO2 which again is the difference between background and sample spectra.
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This question is derived from the journal "Tenets of Specimen Management in Diagnostic Laboratory", authored by Rajeshwar Reddy Kasarla and Laxmi Pathak. The journal discussed the significance of having a close and positive working relationship between the physician and the microbiologist, which affects the critical role of the microbiology laboratory in infectious disease diagnosis
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Without agreement of all aspects of the laboratory workers in socio_cultural and ethnic in progress in the laboratory results
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How can AI be integrated to physics laboratory learning?
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Integrating AI into physics laboratory learning revolutionizes the educational experience by offering real-time data analysis, personalized feedback, and adaptive learning environments. AI algorithms can facilitate automated experiment setups, predict outcomes, and guide students through complex concepts, fostering deeper understanding and critical thinking skills. By harnessing AI technology, physics laboratories become dynamic hubs of exploration, innovation, and discovery, empowering students to engage with scientific principles in exciting and transformative ways.
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How to register a lab in researchgate
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in year 2024, no such option is available to create the lab
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Please share this quick survey of the fundamental concepts and practices that drive the effectiveness of medical lab quality/risk management with as many laboratory professionals as possible https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/QC_Baseline1.
The purpose of the survey is to determine if there is a widespread inconsistency in QC theory and practice. Such a gap would expose patients to significant avoidable risk of missed, delayed, or incorrect patient diagnosis due to lab errors and add costs of unwarranted repeat or additional tests from 'false positives' to patients, insurance companies, and healthcare systems.
Participant scores in this quiz will be revealed immediately upon completion and you are welcome to participate in the review of results and creation of one or more ADLM posters. Abstracts are due Feb 15th!
Here’s one example of an interesting question where participants are not agreeing:
Assume the QC results in an analytical process have a stable error rate with 5% of results reported erroneously high.
If the analytical process 'fails', how high would the error rate need to be to detect, with REASONABLE certainty, a QC result that is outside of 2SDs (ie, violates the 1-2s rule) by analyzing only one QC sample in a single QC run? Is the answer just slightly over 5% ... or would 100% of patent samples need to fail before the lab would know?
LabVine and AWEsome Numbers Inc. have partnered to create Lablogic Innovators to explore new concepts in risk management and solve the problem of this QC Gap. A limited number of spots are available to participate in this interactive group https://awesome-numbers.com/news-and-events/
Questions? Comments? Want to join me to review and publish results?
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"In theory there is no difference between theory and practice, but in practice there is." –Yogi Berra
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How could AI transform traditional physics laboratory into an interactive learning hub?
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Implementing AI in a traditional physics laboratory could create an interactive and engaging learning hub that enhances students' understanding and love of physics.
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The pre-analytical phase holds significant importance within laboratory workflows, with one of its key steps involving sample collection. Ensuring the integrity of the sample is paramount for various reasons: it directly impacts the accuracy and dependability of test results, influences cost-effectiveness, enhances patient safety, and contributes to standardization and reproducibility. An in-depth knowledge of what constitutes a high-quality sample is indispensable for optimizing laboratory efficiency and ensuring diagnostic test reliability.
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Based on the journal entitled, "Tenets of Specimen Management in Diagnostic Microbiology" written by Rajeshwar Reddy Kasarla and Laxmi Pathak, an optimal sample can be acquired by regulating technical custom with specific guidelines emphasizing the importance of proper collection, handling, storage, and transport of specimens in the laboratory. Moreover, according to LabCorp, to procure an optimal sample, it is significant to ensure the quality and quantity of specimens by being knowledgeable of how each specimen should be managed since every specimen has its own requirements. An example of this is a CSF specimen wherein it requires to be kept in the freezer for virus isolation. Within the context of a diagnostic laboratory setting, an optimal sample has the capacity to produce a result with increased accuracy and reliability. Thus, acquiring an optimal sample has a substantial influence on the therapeutic decisions for the patient.
Reference:
Introduction to Specimen Collection [labcorp]. (2024). Retrieved from https://www.labcorp.com/resource/introduction-to-specimen-collection
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This query is based on an article by Rajeshwar Reddy Kasarla and Laxmi Pathak titled "Tenets of Specimen Management in Diagnostic Microbiology." This article is about the importance of a positive working relationship between microbiologists and clinicians in order to give patients the best possible care. Therefore, the purpose of this inquiry is to determine how healthcare professionals' handling of specimens in the laboratory will impact patient outcomes and patient care.
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In the context of the article "Tenets of Specimen Management in Diagnostic Microbiology," the positive working relationship between microbiologists and clinicians is highlighted as essential for optimal patient care. The appropriate handling of specimens in the laboratory directly impacts patient outcomes and care in several ways:
- Communication and Collaboration: Effective specimen management fosters communication and collaboration between microbiologists and clinicians. This collaboration ensures that the clinical relevance of microbiology results is understood, leading to appropriate treatment decisions and improved patient outcomes.
- Diagnostic Accuracy: Proper specimen collection, handling, and processing are critical for accurate diagnosis. When microbiologists and clinicians work together closely, they can ensure that specimens are collected appropriately and that laboratory testing is performed with precision, leading to more accurate diagnoses and better patient care.
- Treatment Optimization: Collaboration between microbiologists and clinicians enables the interpretation of microbiology results in the context of clinical symptoms and patient history. This facilitates the selection of optimal treatment strategies tailored to individual patients, leading to improved outcomes and reduced adverse effects.
- Timely Intervention: Effective communication between laboratory personnel and clinicians ensures timely reporting of microbiology results. Rapid access to accurate diagnostic information allows clinicians to initiate appropriate treatment promptly, potentially preventing disease progression and complications, and improving patient care.
- Quality Improvement: Continuous feedback and dialogue between microbiologists and clinicians contribute to ongoing quality improvement initiatives in the laboratory and clinical practice. By identifying areas for improvement in specimen handling, testing procedures, and result interpretation, healthcare professionals can enhance the reliability and utility of microbiology testing, ultimately benefiting patient care and outcomes.
In summary, the positive working relationship between microbiologists and clinicians, as emphasized in the article, is integral to ensuring that specimen management in the laboratory optimally impacts patient outcomes and care. Effective collaboration facilitates diagnostic accuracy, treatment optimization, timely intervention, and quality improvement initiatives, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes.
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How to apply robotics in physics laboratory experiments?
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you may show the mechanical movements of arms which may contain many joints with force that can be affecting on the rod and joints to be calculated. Also for calculating the distances for moving robot on wheels which depend on number of rotations as well as speed of robot related to it
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There are some pieces of equipment that they have in stock and rather enticing prices. I can't find any information regarding customer satisfaction, are they legit, etc. Has anyone dealt with them recently? Did you get what you asked for?
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Yes, I ordered a device from them - and paid for it. The device was never shipped, and after a while they stopped answering my emails.
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Refurbishing a lab and am looking for similar mobile cabinets (Image attached) so they all match. A colleague indicated our came from Fisher but haven’t had luck finding a match.
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Thanks Arun Kumar Saxena , your response doesn't really address my question, that if anyone has seen these types of cabinets or where to purchase them from.
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Interdisciplinary project-based learning AI laboratories are generally suitable for which age group in Europe and the United States, and are they more effective in cultivating future scientifically literate talents?
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Wei na Li Interdisciplinary project-based learning AI laboratories are an exciting approach to education that can benefit learners of various age groups in both Europe and the United States. Let me break it down for you.
  1. Age Group Suitability:These laboratories can be adapted for students of all ages, starting from middle school all the way to college and beyond. In primary and middle school, they can be simplified to introduce basic concepts and problem-solving skills. For high school and college students, they can delve deeper into complex AI topics and applications. Even adults looking to enhance their skills or switch careers can benefit from these labs.
  2. Effectiveness in Cultivating Future Talents:Interdisciplinary learning encourages students to combine knowledge from different subjects. In the case of AI labs, this means merging computer science, mathematics, and various sciences. This approach nurtures critical thinking, creativity, and adaptability, which are crucial skills in the rapidly evolving field of AI. By working on real-world projects, students gain practical experience and develop problem-solving abilities that are highly valued in the job market. Collaborative work in these labs fosters teamwork and communication skills, essential for any profession.
  3. Emotional Impact:Witnessing the growth and achievement of students through these labs is truly heartwarming. It's amazing to see young minds explore and innovate. As a professor, there's no greater joy than watching your students become confident, capable, and passionate about AI and other sciences. Knowing that you're helping shape the future of scientifically literate individuals who can contribute to society is immensely satisfying.
In conclusion, interdisciplinary project-based learning AI laboratories can benefit a wide range of age groups in Europe and the United States. They are effective in cultivating future talents by fostering critical thinking, practical skills, and teamwork. As a researcher and professor, I can attest to the positive impact these labs have on students, and it's a rewarding experience to be a part of their educational journey. #EducationForAll #FutureLeaders #LearningIsFun
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I want to remove my Lab from a publication in Researchgate. How do I do that?
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Delete and upload your work again.
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In some of the publications introduced, the laboratory where the work
was carried out does not appear, but rather another.
I would like to know if it can be modified. Thank you
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Dear parasitologyst researchers, In order to research the helminth eggs in treated water. We looking the most species found and the method used in the laboratory to identify them.
Thanks
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Thanks Dear Dr. Nwudele For your reply and these explanations.
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From your experience, what is the best model of quiescent leukemia stem cells that can be maintained in the laboratory and routinely passaged for experiments?
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You may use PROM1 as a marker for enrichment or may overexpress the gene for getting a good yield of leukemia stem cells. (Reference: http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.899752)
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Where can I find pigmented short hair guinea pigs for laboratory? Do you know any sellers?
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Thank you
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Hello everyone, how do you keep inventory for the chemicals you use in the laboratory? There are some paid software and websites for this, such as 'quartzy'. But is there a website or software that is free and can be used online by more than one user to control stock? Thanks for your recommendations.
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Dear Ruth Bushnel tank you for answer.
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Anyone looking for lab bench space in Montreal - Park-Extension Area?
Great access to metro and collaborative research tools.
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Hello Jamal,
I am looking for a shared or separate lab space in Montreal area.
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Is there a benefit to the Caco2 cell intestinal model from antibiotics? I was trained cell culture in the late 90's at HyClone Laboratories. We never used antibiotics. But is seems everyone does now.
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Antibiotics in this context are a cover for sloppy technique.
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Laboratory Research
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I have used 1 Tesla magnet with 5 cm*5 cm*2 cm dimensions to collect modified magnetic nanoparticles and that was amazing.
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I want synthesis CuCN in laboratory.
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Need to calculate the pressure or force generated ibside a 50ml tube filled with water on a Virtex mixer at 2500 rpm
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Total force is gravitational (centrifugal) expressed i multiples of g (9.81 m/s2) times mass of object (0.05 kg). Result comes in Newtons. To calculate the relative centrifugal force you need to know the radius of the rotor.
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How I can do maintained cultures of Chironomus in the laboratory?
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you could visit this article "10.1371/journal.pone.0247382" for better understanding.
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are there any laboratory procedures to extract CARBON from COAL.?
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Thanks for the clarification
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Dear all,
I write a question, which is more commercial than technical.
I am looking for some supplier of chemical laboratory consumer materials, like glassware, vacuum hoses, pipettes/micropipettes, etc, located in the Far East, maybe China and available to trade with European companies.
I am looking for an all-round supplier for place few orders a year but with many items, so as to supply my laboratory from.
Can somebody provide me any indication where I can find a list of them?
Thank you in advance for every reply,
Giacomo
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Contact +86 182 0250 1460
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Quality control failure
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It triggers a series of actions to investigate and address the issue. Some steps that may be followed:
1. Documentation: The QC failure is documented accurately and thoroughly. This includes recording the date, time, specific test or process involved, relevant sample or control data, and any observed deviations from the expected results. Documentation is important for traceability, analysis, and future reference.
2. Immediate corrective actions: If the QC failure poses an immediate risk to patient safety or compromises the accuracy of test results, immediate corrective actions are taken. This may involve stopping the affected testing process, notifying relevant personnel, and implementing temporary measures to prevent further occurrences of the failure.
3. Investigation and root cause analysis: A thorough investigation is conducted to determine the root cause of the QC failure. This involves analyzing relevant data, reviewing procedures, examining equipment, and considering potential contributing factors. The goal is to identify the underlying reasons for the failure and understand the factors that led to it.
4. Corrective actions: Based on the findings of the investigation, appropriate corrective actions are developed and implemented to address the root cause of the QC failure. These actions aim to prevent recurrence of similar issues in the future. Corrective actions may include process modifications, equipment calibration or maintenance, retraining of staff, or other necessary interventions.
5. Validation and retesting: Once the corrective actions have been implemented, the affected process or test may undergo validation and retesting to ensure that the issue has been resolved and the quality of results is restored. This may involve running additional QC samples, retesting affected patient samples, or conducting performance verification of the equipment or method.
6. Documentation of actions taken: All actions taken, including the investigation, root cause analysis, and corrective actions, are documented in detail. This documentation serves as an audit trail and provides evidence of the steps taken to address the QC failure.
7. Monitoring and follow-up: The laboratory monitors the performance of the affected process or test to ensure that the corrective actions are effective and sustained over time. Ongoing monitoring and periodic review of QC data are essential to detect any potential recurrence of QC failure or identify new quality issues.
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specially in laboratories
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To understand them better here are the similarities and differences between QC and QA:
Similarities:
1. Focus on quality: Both QC and QA share the common objective of ensuring and maintaining quality standards.
2. Systematic approaches: Both QC and QA involve systematic approaches to monitor, assess, and improve quality.
3. Preventive measures: Both QC and QA aim to prevent or detect issues and errors before they impact the final product or service.
Differences:
1. Definition and scope: QC primarily focuses on the identification and control of defects or deviations in the final product or service. It involves activities such as testing, inspection, and verification to ensure compliance with predefined quality standards. QA, on the other hand, encompasses a broader range of activities aimed at designing, implementing, and maintaining a quality management system. It focuses on preventing defects and ensuring that processes are in place to consistently deliver quality products or services.
2. Execution stage: QC activities are typically performed during or after the production or service delivery stage. It involves monitoring and evaluating the quality of the output to identify and address any issues. QA activities, on the other hand, are implemented throughout the entire production or service life cycle. It involves planning, implementing, and monitoring quality management systems, processes, and procedures to prevent defects and ensure consistent quality.
3. Role and responsibility: QC is often associated with operational staff, such as laboratory technicians or inspectors, who are responsible for executing specific quality control tests and inspections. QA, on the other hand, involves a broader responsibility that extends beyond operational staff. QA personnel are responsible for establishing quality policies, procedures, and systems, conducting audits, managing documentation, and providing guidance and oversight to ensure compliance with quality standards.
4. Emphasis on corrective vs. preventive actions: QC primarily focuses on identifying and addressing deviations or defects after they occur. It emphasizes corrective actions to rectify issues and bring the product or service back into compliance. QA, on the other hand, places a stronger emphasis on preventive actions. It focuses on establishing robust processes, implementing preventive measures, and conducting proactive assessments to minimize the occurrence of defects or errors.
Both of them are essential in maintaining quality standards, but they differ in terms of their scope, timing, focus, and responsibilities. QC focuses on the identification and control of defects in the final product or service, while QA encompasses a broader range of activities aimed at preventing defects and ensuring consistent quality throughout the entire production or service life cycle.
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One of the factors that can affect the quality control of the laboratory is the laboratory workers. However, some laboratory workers do not follow the procedures for various reasons. What methods can be done to ensure that these procedures are done properly?
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Some effective approaches:
1. Training and education: Provide comprehensive training to laboratory workers on quality control procedures, emphasizing the importance of adhering to established protocols. Ensure that they have a clear understanding of the procedures, including sample handling, instrument calibration, quality control materials, and documentation requirements.
2. Standard operating procedures (SOPs): Develop and implement well-defined SOPs that outline step-by-step instructions for quality control procedures. SOPs should be easily accessible to all laboratory workers and regularly updated to reflect current practices. Reinforce the importance of following SOPs consistently.
3. Documentation and record-keeping: Implement robust documentation practices to track quality control procedures. Laboratory workers should maintain detailed records of instrument calibration, quality control measurements, troubleshooting activities, and any deviations encountered. Regularly review and audit these records to ensure compliance.
4. Quality control materials and reference standards: Provide laboratory workers with appropriate quality control materials, including certified reference standards or control samples. These materials should closely resemble patient samples and be used regularly to verify the accuracy and precision of the testing process.
5. Continuous monitoring and feedback: Establish a system for ongoing monitoring and feedback. Regularly review quality control data and performance metrics to identify trends, outliers, or potential issues. Provide timely feedback to laboratory workers, acknowledging their adherence to quality control procedures or addressing any deficiencies.
6. Internal and external quality assessments: Participate in internal and external quality assessment programs, such as proficiency testing or external quality assessment schemes. These programs evaluate the laboratory's performance against established standards and provide valuable feedback for improvement.
7. Quality assurance team: Designate a dedicated quality assurance team responsible for overseeing and enforcing quality control procedures. This team can conduct regular audits, provide additional training and support, and ensure compliance with regulatory requirements.
8. Culture of quality and accountability: Foster a culture of quality and accountability within the laboratory. Encourage open communication, collaboration, and a commitment to continuous improvement. Recognize and reward adherence to quality control procedures and proactive identification of potential issues.
9. Regulatory compliance: Stay up to date with relevant regulatory guidelines and standards for laboratory testing. Ensure that laboratory workers are aware of these requirements and comply with them diligently.
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As the world is advancing, new and advance technologies are being invented. Artificial intelligence (AI) is the ability of computers to carry out operations that ordinarily requires human intelligence, such as problem-solving, visual perception, decision making, and communication. In the clinical laboratory, Artificial Intelligence may increase the value of laboratory services and promote patience’s satisfaction and improve the results by using AI’s wide range of possible application. However, factors in technical, ethical, regulatory, and human concerns are some of the difficult and constraints that Artificial Intelligence must overcome before being implemented in the clinical laboratories. Therefore, this discussion aims to give knowledge about the risks in involving and applying the use of artificial intelligence in the clinical laboratory especially when obtaining the results.
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There are both risks and advantages in involving and applying the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the clinical laboratory, particularly when obtaining test results as follows:
Risks:
1. Technical errors: AI systems are susceptible to technical errors like software bugs or hardware malfunctions. These errors can lead to incorrect results or system failures, potentially compromising patient care.
2. Data quality and bias: AI algorithms heavily rely on the quality and representativeness of the data they are trained on. If the data used to train the AI model is incomplete, biased, or of low quality, it can result in inaccurate or unreliable test results.
3. Interpretability and transparency: Some AI models, such as deep learning algorithms, can be complex "black boxes," making it challenging to understand how they arrive at their conclusions. Lack of interpretability and transparency can undermine trust in the AI system and raise concerns about the accuracy and reliability of the results.
4. Ethical considerations: AI algorithms may raise ethical concerns like privacy and data security. Patient data used to train and test AI models must be handled with strict confidentiality to protect patient privacy and comply with relevant regulations.
Advantages:
1. Improved accuracy: AI algorithms can analyze large amounts of data with high precision, reducing the likelihood of human errors in test result interpretation. This can lead to more accurate diagnoses and treatment decisions.
2. Enhanced efficiency: AI can automate repetitive and time-consuming tasks in the laboratory, freeing up laboratory staff to focus on more complex analyses. This can improve workflow efficiency and reduce turnaround time for obtaining results.
3. Decision support: AI algorithms can serve as decision support tools, providing clinicians with additional insights and recommendations based on the analysis of patient data. This can aid in making more informed and personalized treatment decisions.
4. Predictive analytics: AI models can analyze historical patient data to identify patterns and trends that may help predict disease outcomes or treatment responses. This predictive capability can contribute to the early detection of diseases and more proactive patient care.
The advantages of AI can be harnessed to improve the accuracy, efficiency, and patient outcomes in laboratory testing.
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Hi,
Can someone please share the Rabies direct immunofluorescence test protocol used in your laboratory. I want to validate the technique that is used my laboratory. Thank you.
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Thank you so much Pavle.
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Greetings to my fellow members of the academic research community,
My academic journey as a PhD student has presented me with a significant challenge. I've long aspired to join a research laboratory where scientific activities are conducted with genuine enthusiasm and dedication. My passion lies in the pursuit of knowledge and engaging in intellectual discourse with fellow researchers who share my enthusiasm for scientific exploration. Regrettably, my attempts to establish connections with various research laboratories, universities, and distinguished professors have not yielded the anticipated results. Despite my unwavering commitment to highlighting the availability of financial support from my institution, the responses have been somewhat limited. I've observed that colleagues from different academic institutions readily establish connections with research laboratories and professors, although it appears that their intentions often lean towards short-term engagements rather than meaningful contributions to laboratory work and the broader scope of scientific research. These colleagues seem to effortlessly secure acceptance letters from these research laboratories, prompting the question: What factors contribute to this noticeable difference in response? I humbly seek your guidance in shedding light on the underlying reasons for this discrepancy. Additionally, I would greatly appreciate any insights, advice, or strategies you may offer to increase the likelihood of receiving acceptance letters that genuinely reflect an interest in my research pursuits and pave the way for long-term collaborative relationships. I thank you for your invaluable assistance and wisdom.
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Yes, convincing and "selling" to others can be particularly difficult both in the Academy and in real life settings. In my own little world, I have found Action Research methodology helps when seeking to harness collaborators. Although it has more appeal to practitioners than academics.
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I wish you a great day,
I plan to add DSpace DS1104 to my Lab, but I am still hesitant and need to hear about your experience with suppliers, including software licence, and any other issues.
Thank you in advance for your valuable comments.
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Best Suppliers, Cost including software licence if any?
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Hi,
We are currently using densitometers from biomerieux to prepare bacterial suspensions. We are wondering if there are any tubes with sterile NaCl solution available on the market other than biomerieux ampules that fit this type of densitometer?
What kind of tubes are you using?
We often use hundreds of them and we feel it is just a waste of money, we were looking for other glass ampules or tubes that are flat-bottomed and not too high so for example you can withdraw some of the suspension with an automatic pipette as well but we can't find anything...
I would appreciate any kind of advice on this!
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Salah A. Alshehade Thanks for answering. Do you have some more information about these adapters? As you mentioned, there are multiple 10-15 mL tubes that fit biomerieux densitometers, but they are too high and because of that withdrawing liquid with automatic pipettes is impossible..
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Good day to whom it may concern!
I wanted to build a simple PEM electrolyzer, could you suggest a good synthesis for the proton exchange membrane?
I work in a electrochemical laboratory, so normally I should be able to find the components for the synthesis if they are not really rare.
Thanks
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Building a simple PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) electrolyzer is a valuable project, and creating a suitable proton exchange membrane is a crucial part of the process. Here's a suggestion for a synthesis method to create a proton exchange membrane using readily available materials:
Materials You'll Need:
- Sulfonated Polysulfone (SPS) or Poly(ether sulfone) (PES) as the base polymer
- Concentrated Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)
- Deionized Water (DI water)
- Solvent (e.g., Dimethylformamide or DMF)
- Glassware and lab equipment (e.g., round-bottom flask, magnetic stirrer, vacuum oven)
Procedure:
1. Prepare the Polymer Solution:
- Weigh the Sulfonated Polysulfone (SPS) or Poly(ether sulfone) (PES) polymer and add it to a round-bottom flask.
- Add an appropriate amount of solvent (e.g., DMF) to the flask to dissolve the polymer. Stir the mixture until the polymer is completely dissolved.
2. Sulfonation:
- Slowly and carefully add concentrated Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) to the polymer solution under stirring. The amount of H2SO4 will depend on the degree of sulfonation you desire, but typically, a small amount is sufficient.
- Continue stirring the mixture for a set period (e.g., several hours) at an appropriate temperature to ensure proper sulfonation. This step introduces the sulfonic acid groups into the polymer structure, making it proton-conductive.
3. Quenching:
- After sulfonation, quench the reaction by adding a large volume of deionized water to the flask. This step helps neutralize the excess sulfuric acid and stops the sulfonation process.
4. Membrane Formation:
- Pour the resulting solution onto a clean glass surface to form a thin film. You can use a glass rod to spread the solution evenly.
- Allow the solvent to evaporate slowly at room temperature or, if available, use a vacuum oven to accelerate the drying process. This will result in the formation of the proton exchange membrane.
5. Membrane Characterization:
- Once the membrane is dry, you can characterize it using various techniques, such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton conductivity measurements, to ensure it meets your desired specifications.
Please note that this is a simplified procedure, and the specific conditions and materials may need to be adjusted based on your laboratory's capabilities and the desired properties of the membrane. Additionally, always exercise caution when working with concentrated sulfuric acid and follow appropriate safety protocols.
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Hello, I hope you are well, I have been searching and I cannot find the components to make an RNase decontamination reagent in the laboratory, without having to buy the RNase away.
Thanks
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I am keeping quite well. Hope you are well too.
You could succeed in making RNase decontamination reagent in the laboratory. Follow the link provided below.
Best.
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I want to invite you to my laboratory to do research in the World Bank and Social Policy field.
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Ziaulhaq Amiri
Lecturer at department of Geography, Kabul Education University
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I want to do LSV ,CV test of ORR(Oxygen reduction reaction).
But our laboratory don't have the RDE and RRDE electode.
And I was wondering if I can do the tests by magnetic stiring or mechanical stirring?
If there do have some experiments or papers using this way to do ORR test, could you please provide me some files or papers for me to learn?
I'm new to this issue.
Thanks a lot!
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Suggest reviewing this following article:
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As a project of the Materials Science and Engineering (Undergraduate) degree I'm following, my team have been tasked with doping a Si wafer to prepare a p-n junction. I have a few questions regarding this.
  1. What is a good approach to do a doping with low investment in a laboratory environment?
  2. Is it possible to dope Si using NH3 to get an extrinsic semiconductor?
  3. What approach can be used to dope Aluminum into Si wafer?
I have tried searching for information but the closest I could find was this.
I would also appreciate if anyone could point me to somewhere I can find information regarding fabrication of a p-n junction using doping.
Thank you.
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Raul Montes Thank you very much for the reply and sorry about the late reply. We were asked focus on Laser doping and see if it is feasible. So, I didn't get to go through the articles you mentioned. Again, thank you for the reply and I will go through the papers in the links.
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In the process of voltage clamp recording, cesium internal solution was commonly used in our laboratory. In general, we used high-chloride cesium internal solution to record mEPSC and mIPSC, but we used low-chloride cesium internal solution for PPR and evoked EPSC. Neither NMDA nor AMPA receptors are chloride channels, so why calculate the equilibrium potential of chloride?
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Apostolos Mikroulis Thanks for your answer.
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Hi,
I am trying to set a "Lab" for my group and I can't find how to create it following this post:
Is it available in all countries?
BTW. I am working in Tunisia
Thanks for your help.
Noureddine
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"You would need to leave that lab before creating a new one."
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Does anyone of you have information about the importance of doing experimental activities (on chemistry) in education? Particularly, doing experimental activities in high school.
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I only worked as a chemistry teacher in high school college for about 3years, the work experiment then are quite interesting to the students
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I simulated a calibration laboratory using MCNP code. The source in the irradiator is Co-60, emitting two gamma rays (1.17 and 1.33 MeV) through decay. The output provided me with the values of dose equivalent ambient at the calibration points. Now, I need to determine the dose equivalent ambient rate with the corrected activity of my source. I followed a similar methodology used for Cs-137, which I successfully validated with experimental data from that laboratory. However, for Co-60, it is not yielding the expected results. I have not yet identified the issue with my analysis.
To obtain H*(10), the chosen tally was F5, and the conversion factors from ICRP 74 were applied using DE/DF on the data card. The input yields H(10) per NPS.
Attached are photos of my methodology to aid in understanding my question.
The methodology of the work, whose photo is attached, was also tested; however, it did not yield results that could be validated by experimental data.
(This work is referenced with the attached photo of its cover)
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Hi Sara, although I have not completely understood what the attached picture shows here are my thoughts. The "output (pSv/NPS) are the tally results with the DF/DE multiplier (to get the ambient dose rate from ICRP-74). The H*(10) results are the tally results after normalization. If that's true, then to get 1.5e+9 pSv/h from 3.41e-5 pSv/NPS, you have multiplied by 4.4e+13, which is the disintegrations per hour and not the photons per hour (unless, I am not reading the data on the png file correctly). Basically, 1.5e+9 pSv/h needs to be multiplied by 2 (2 photons emitted per Co-60 disintegration). Is the "Taxa de Equivalente de Dose Ambiente)" the measured values? If so, then by multiplying those by 2 will get you closer to them. What was the MCNP to measured ratio for Cs-137?
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I work in a single-molecule analysis lab. I have been waiting on a supplier to send sodium bicarbonate for a while, and I want to begin experiments now. We have a stock of sodium bicarbonate from 2017 (five years old). Why can't I use this? Does it really have an expiration date?
I imagine if it does, it may have to do with coming into contact with the air after it was opened so many years ago.
Any help is appreciated. I dont want to do all the experiments only to have them invalidated by the fact that I used old sodium bicarbonate.
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The pH of the solution is not stable and will drift upwards over time. I always prepare a fresh solution from the solid for each day's experiments.
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Exact chemical structure means exact molar mass and not average molar mass of some kind mixture of homologs. So the Tween and Span series are not good.
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Hello Adam,
You may buy it online. You may make an inquiry at Alfa Chemistry, they offer kinds of good-quality surfactants.
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Can I ask you a question
Please suggest the laboratory synthesis of ambroxol with the highest efficiency and time
Step 1. Which agent is the fastest to reduce o-nitrobenzaldehyde?
Step 2. Then how to bromine to give 2 amino 3 5 dibromo benzaldehyde?
Step 3. Then how to add trans-4-Aminocyclohexanol?
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can you suggest to remove fe/hcl?
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I need a research work on the topic "availability and effective utilization of chemistry laboratory facilities by students in the senior high schools in the Tamale metropolitan area"
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Do your students have a budget to work within? Home made equipment can be very cheap, and making and trouble shooting the equipment can be a valuable scientific lesson in itself. I only taught chemistry/general science for a few years (I was mainly a researcher) but cheap pH meters (the students can generate titrate curves for acids such as citric acid), thermometers, and multi-meters lead themselves to many experiments. I'll attach a project I designed for some students in the US.
Good luck.
Phil
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I work in testing laboratory, whereby we are trying to obtain accreditation for Dissolved oxygen using the iodometric APHA method 4500-O-B. In this context, we need to determine the limit of detection as well as limit of quantification for DO.
Any suggestions on how to proceed?
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The limit of detection (LOD) for dissolved oxygen using the 4500-O B. Iodometric Method from the American Public Health Association (APHA) can be calculated based on the sensitivity of the method and the background noise of the measurement. The LOD is the lowest concentration of dissolved oxygen that can be reliably detected and distinguished from the background noise.
To calculate the LOD for dissolved oxygen using the 4500-O B. Iodometric Method, you'll need the following information:
  1. Sensitivity (S) of the method: This is usually provided by the instrument manufacturer or can be determined experimentally.
  2. Standard deviation of blank measurements (σ_blank): Measure the dissolved oxygen concentration in a series of blank samples (samples without dissolved oxygen) and calculate the standard deviation of these measurements.
The formula to calculate the limit of detection (LOD) is as follows:
LOD = 3.3 * (σ_blank / S)
Here, 3.3 represents the z-value for a 99% confidence level, assuming a normal distribution of data. If you need a different confidence level, you can use a different z-value. For a 99% confidence level, the LOD represents the concentration at which you can be 99% confident that the measured signal is distinguishable from the background noise.
Please note that the units of LOD will be the same as the units of the dissolved oxygen concentration measurement (e.g., mg/L or ppm).
Remember that the LOD is a statistical estimate, and it may vary depending on the specific instrument, method, and laboratory conditions. Additionally, ensure that you follow the correct procedures and guidelines provided in the APHA Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (the method 4500-O B.) to obtain accurate and reliable results.
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Are there hazards when dealing with Molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) a substance in the laboratory?
What safety equipment should be worn? What are the conditions in the laboratory that must be provided?
Thanks
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I am working to check the accuracy between Ultrasound Machine and Pathology Lab results for Kidney disease.
Which statistical test to use for comparison of these two independent variables ?
Topic is: Accuracy of Ultrasound Echogenicity with Serum Creatinine in Renal Parenchymal Disease.
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If the experimental design will be recording a significant amount of false-negative and false-positive observations, then the ROC will have a big advantage over the student t-test.
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I want to prepare this buffer in my laboratory.
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Interesting question:
To prepare an acetate buffer with a pH of 7.98, you need to use a mixture of acetic acid and sodium acetate. Recall the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation ratios: the pH of a buffer is equal to the pKa of the acid plus the log of the ratio of the salt concentration to the acid concentration. Let's do the math: The pKa of acetic acid is 4.76, so you can solve for the ratio of salt to acid:
pH = pKa + log([salt]/[acid])
7.98 = 4.76 + log([salt]/[acid])
log([salt]/[acid]) = 3.22
[salt]/[acid] = 1662
The calculation would indicate that you need 1662 times more sodium acetate than acetic acid in your buffer solution. You can choose any convenient concentration for your buffer, as long as you maintain this ratio. For example - if you want to make a 0.1 M buffer, you need 0.1 M acetic acid and 166.2 M sodium acetate. However, as this is not a practical concentration for sodium acetate, so you might want to use a lower concentration, such as 0.01 M. In this case, you would need 0.01 M acetic acid and 16.62 M sodium acetate.
To make 1 L of this buffer, you would need to dissolve 0.6 g of acetic acid and 1369 g of sodium acetate in water and adjust the volume to 1 L. Alternatively, you can use a buffer calculator to find the exact mass of each component for your desired volume and concentration.
You can also try this, for making an acetate buffer with a pH range of 3.6 to 5.6, but you would need to adjust the pH with NaOH or HCl to reach 7.98.
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There is a 13 level multilevel inverter (DC-AC). I am working on it in my Lab. However, there are some annoying spikes on my waveform. I wana eliminate them.
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Ankur Srivastava snubbers can resolve this issue. apparently, such oscillations occur at switching instants because of parasitic elements in the circuit. RC snubbers are the most common type used.
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Storage and maintenance of pathogens is a costly and time-consuming affair, the recent study indicated that most of the pathogenic bacteria can be stored for several months at room temperature in sterile tap water without any hustle.
Ref DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.34672.84480
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No, it is not recommended to use sterile tap water to store pathogens in a microbiology laboratory. Water, even if sterile, can easily become contaminated, and some pathogens can survive and grow in water environments. Water may not provide the necessary conditions for preserving pathogens effectively. It is better to use specialized media or culture media designed for pathogen storage. Following established laboratory protocols and guidelines is important for sample safety and integrity.
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The EU regulations are more strictly than the regulatioins in China. For instance some isolation coatings from China can contain Pb. We would like to proof if a coating contains Pb or not before we ask a laboratory to check the exact amount.
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Hello
I am Anouk, 22 years old and graduated from professional bachelor biomedical laboratory technology me majoring in pharmaceutical and biological laboratory technology.
I would like to switch to a master degree next year but I am hesitating between 2 directions namely,
- Master in Biology
- Master in Biomedical Laboratory Technology
My interests include everything related to science, lab and nature. I love the combination of these. This year I did an internship around the ecotoxicological evaluation of sludge. This was something I considered extremely interesting.
Please get in touch as I would like to receive good advice from experience experts.
Thank you in advance
Kind regards
Anouk
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My passion is the combination between nature and lab research. The interesting subjects are
- immunology
- toxicology
- genetics
In this I would like to work. Now the choice is difficult between master in biology and biomedical.
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This position is not funded by our laboratory, but we plan with the applicant to apply to "Fondation de France", to the proposition "Recherche fondamentale et translationnelle sur le cancer (tumeurs solides et liquides).
The project that we proposed is very likely to be funded since it has been already very well evaluated by the fondation.
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yes, I am interested please reach me out at anytime
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Our laboratory has a PerkinElmer (model: AAnalyst 800) atomic absorption spectroscopy. Recently, the performance of the device has encountered a problem. When the circuit breaker of the device automatically turns off the air compressor, the flame also turns off, and a "No air pressure" error appears on the screen. Due to this issue, we are unable to use the device.
It should be noted that the air compressor has been checked and there is no problem associated with it.
If you can help with your guidance, it will undoubtedly be a great favor to many of our students who are having trouble doing their dissertation tests.
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This means that no enough air or gas reachs the system. This normally caused by air compressor is not working or gas regulator is not will adjusted or selinoid valve problem.
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I am working on microfibers issue and I want to get ready made laboratory grade microplastics/microfibers. I am not convinced what the students are doing to prepare by using cutters in the lab. Because, first of all cutting by hand to micro level is very daubtful and secondly there will be surface modification during the cutting process. Therefore, I wan to really get the micofibers/plastics. Any help is very much appretiated.
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I really appreciate your dedication to help others and taking your precious time to help young researchers out there like me. I will try to adopt your methods.
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Our Lab's FTIR knob broke. Can it give right results without the knob touching the polymer just by the diamond sensor in FTIR?
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Annu Phogat Thank you so much for your response :D
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I want to use an offline application of a virtual Chemistry Laboratory software that can help students in institutions that lack some basic laboratory equipments to be able to understand chemistry practical.
Applications or softwares that can help them practice simple chemical reactions.
I do have a couple of virtual applications but I need a few suggestions. Thank you
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محتمل
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In the laboratory we would like to reuse Elisa plates, but so far we have not found a washing technique that allows us to do so. Have you reused the plates? If so, what washing method is done? or is it not possible to reuse it?
I appreciate your answers
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نعم
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How can one preserve saffron that is harvested in the field. Because we can only measure it after a few days in the laboratory
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Store saffron in an airtight container in a cool, dark place for up to six months for maximum flavor. Saffron, like other herbs and spices, is sensitive to light, so wrap the packet in foil to protect it further. Saffron will not spoil, but it will lose increasingly more and more of its flavor with age.
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Hello
Please recommend me a lab inventory software
Thanks
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Hello Arvind Behal There are several lab inventory software options available, and the choice depends on your specific requirements and preferences. Here are a few popular lab inventory software solutions:
Quartzy: Quartzy is a widely used lab management software that offers inventory management, order requests, and lab communication tools. It provides a user-friendly interface and integrates with other lab tools and databases.
LabCollector: LabCollector is a comprehensive lab management and electronic lab notebook (ELN) software. It offers features such as sample tracking, inventory management, equipment management, and data organization.
Biovia CISPro: Biovia CISPro is a flexible lab inventory software that focuses on chemical inventory management and compliance with safety regulations. It offers features like barcode scanning, inventory tracking, safety data sheets, and chemical risk assessment.
SciNote: SciNote is an ELN and lab inventory management software designed for scientific research laboratories. It offers features like sample tracking, inventory management, protocol management, and collaboration tools.
BioRAFT: BioRAFT is a lab safety and compliance software that includes inventory management features. It helps labs manage chemical inventory, track hazardous materials, and ensure regulatory compliance.
Freezerworks: Freezerworks is primarily designed for managing biological sample inventories and offers features like sample tracking, storage management, and data integration with other lab systems.
eLABInventory: eLABInventory is a web-based lab inventory management software that allows you to track samples, equipment, chemicals, and reagents. It provides customization options and integrates with other lab management tools.
Thank you.
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Hi
I need that for my dissertation, but I can't find a file about it. Can anyone guide me, please??
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@Bachir Bar
This's helpful.
Thank you.
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To conduct in vivo studies to evaluate the effectiveness of cell therapy
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Yes, it is possible to use outbred ICR/CD1 mice as laboratory animals for studying the effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy in vivo. In fact, ICR/CD1 mice are commonly used in various research fields, including biomedical research and preclinical studies.
Here are a few reasons why outbred ICR/CD1 mice can be suitable for studying the effectiveness of MSC therapy:
  1. Genetic diversity: Outbred mice, such as ICR/CD1, have a high level of genetic diversity. This diversity helps in reducing the potential bias caused by genetic factors and makes the findings more applicable to a broader population.
  2. Reproducibility: Using outbred mice helps in improving the reproducibility of experimental results. As the genetic variation among individual mice is higher, it is easier to replicate the study findings across different experiments and laboratories.
  3. Translatability: Outbred mice are considered more representative of the general population, making the results obtained from studies using these mice more applicable to humans. This enhances the translatability of the findings from animal models to clinical settings.
  4. Availability and cost: ICR/CD1 mice are readily available and relatively inexpensive compared to other strains or genetically modified mice. This makes them a preferred choice for many research laboratories, especially when conducting large-scale in vivo studies.
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