Science topic

Maps - Science topic

Maps are works consisting of representations, normally to scale and on a flat medium, of a selection of material or abstract features on the surface of the earth. They may be used also in delineating the heavens and celestial bodies. (From Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2d ed, p619)
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I have prepared a map of a country using ggplot (R studio) and zoomed in Regions, zones, and a town. I want the three study sites to appear on the map(town). I have separate longitudes, latitudes, and altitudes as shown below. Would you assist me? Thank you.
facility: DURH
Latitude; N 6° 23' 50''
Longitude: E 38° 18' 43"
Altitude: 1540.3m
Accuracy: 4.98m
facility: HRH
Latitude: N 6° 24' 30"
Longitude: E 38° 18' 50"
Altitude: 1516.8m
Accuracy: 3.9m
facility: OHC
Latitude: N 6° 25' 38"
Longitude: E 38° 16' 52"
Altitude: 1433.4m
Accuracy: 4.74m
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After life is the continuation of this world. Grasp today,and reap the fruits of life.
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So I am conducting a research on changes in NO2 and aerosol index during a certain time period of 1 year. I am using sentinel-5 data. Following is the link:
I used anaconda(spyder) to analyze the data, creating a map for each day. So in total, there are like more than 30 images. A made a collage of these for my manuscript but it doesn't look quite neat. And is a bit difficult to comprehend.
Is there any way I can integrate these images into one i.e. one image per month that reveals the average. Any tool or software that is acceptable for research purpose. I really need help with this.
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With one year of image data on NO2 and aerosols, you can produce much more specific statistics than just an average yearly value per pixel.
What about P99, P95 percentiles? I figger your imagery must contain different strata, hence produce percentiles for these strata, and you will learn much more about pollution behavior than just with a yearly average value. Instead of using Matplotlib, it is better to use ENVI and Statistica combined to do the job.
#Justsaying
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Can I use the FA map generated from the Siemens scanner in FSL TBSS?
Features
Measurement of up to 256 directions of diffusion-weighting with up to 16 different b-values. (up to 192 directions for MAGNETOM ESSENZA)
Inline processing of the Fractional Anisotropy (FA) maps, ADC maps and trace-weighted images based on the tensor.
3D DTI Tractography data in color overlaid onto the anatomy with the 3D Neuro Task Card allows easy navigation through the brain.
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Hello Madhushree,
I would recommend to discuss this issue in the FSL mailing list. Looks like an installation problem, but I can't really help here.
Best,
Martin
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Hello,
Have anybody a distribution map for Eurythyrea aurata, more complete than the one in GBIF? Thank you in advance.
Adrian
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After collecting coordinates and mapping the road network, how do I then turn my created map into an interactive map
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One way to go about this is using ArGIS online platform—if your institution is subscribed with ESRI then you can use the map viewer tool. Or another way is to use python geospatial packages to do so. I hope this helps
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I am trying to develop some recommendations about how to use TNFD, TNFD-LEAP, SBTi, SBTs for Nature in business performance for transportation sectors. It is difficult to give a simple relationship map among these and I wonder if any advice for me to nevigate these?
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Navigating the landscape of sustainability frameworks and initiatives can indeed be complex, but here's a breakdown of the relationships between TNFD, TNFD-LEAP, SBTi, and SBTs for Nature, along with some advice on how to use them in business performance for the transportation sector:
  1. TNFD (Task Force on Nature-related Financial Disclosures):TNFD is a global initiative that aims to provide guidance to organizations on how to assess, manage, and report on their dependencies and impacts on nature. It focuses on integrating nature-related risks and opportunities into financial disclosures, similar to how TCFD (Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures) addresses climate-related risks and opportunities.
  2. TNFD-LEAP (TNFD Leadership for Environment and Profit):TNFD-LEAP is likely an extension or a specific program under TNFD aimed at encouraging leadership in integrating nature-related considerations into business strategies with a focus on driving both environmental and financial performance.
  3. SBTi (Science Based Targets initiative):SBTi is a collaborative initiative that helps companies set science-based targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in line with the Paris Agreement's goals. While SBTi primarily focuses on climate-related targets, it could indirectly influence nature-related targets by encouraging companies to adopt practices that reduce their overall environmental footprint.
  4. SBTs for Nature (Science Based Targets for Nature):SBTs for Nature is a relatively new initiative that, like SBTi, aims to set science-based targets but specifically for addressing biodiversity and nature-related impacts. These targets are likely designed to complement existing climate-related targets by addressing broader environmental concerns beyond just greenhouse gas emissions.
Advice for Navigating:
  1. Understand the Intersections: While each initiative focuses on different aspects (financial disclosures, climate targets, nature-related targets), there are overlaps and synergies between them. For instance, integrating nature-related considerations into business strategies could align with both TNFD and TNFD-LEAP objectives while also supporting the broader goals of SBTs for Nature.
  2. Integrate into Sustainability Strategy: Consider how these initiatives can complement each other within your organization's sustainability strategy. For transportation sectors, this might involve setting science-based targets for reducing emissions (SBTi) while also integrating measures to minimize impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems (TNFD, SBTs for Nature).
  3. Collaborate and Learn: Engage with relevant stakeholders, industry peers, and experts to understand best practices and emerging trends in sustainability reporting and target-setting. Collaborating with organizations already involved in these initiatives can provide valuable insights and guidance.
  4. Customize to Context: Tailor your approach to the specific context and challenges faced by the transportation sector. Consider factors such as the type of operations (e.g., air, road, rail, maritime), geographic locations, and supply chain dynamics when developing recommendations and setting targets.
By understanding the relationships between TNFD, TNFD-LEAP, SBTi, and SBTs for Nature, and applying these insights to your business performance strategies, you can effectively navigate the sustainability landscape and drive positive environmental and financial outcomes in the transportation sector.
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I am currently conducting research on the Ba Vi National Park in Vietnam and need a map delineating the conservation area and its associated buffer zone. - this is surprisingly very hard to find - If you possess or know of any maps depicting the conservation area and buffer zone of Ba Vi National Park, your contribution would be very helpful. Any insights, references, or contacts that could facilitate access to these maps would be greatly appreciated.
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As i calculate the SPEI1 using the 30 year data i get the value for the each month one value some of are in positive and negative also ? now how i say that this area is drought prone or not? and how to make a the map?
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Hi..you can for show map zoning risk areas drought in useing arc map ..classify and show prone areas with red color..in 4 classify or 6.
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How can I make this type road network connectivity map in ArcGIS software?
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Can you use Network Analyst option in ArcGIS?
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Can you find an archive of synoptic solar maps by Patrick McIntosh?
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Yeas, it can be found an archive of synoptic solar maps by Patrick McIntosh
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I have applied the SHA-256 hash function to the plain image to generate the initial values of the chaotic map in the image encryption algorithm and include it in key space analysis. So, when the receiver wants to decrypt the received image from the transmission, he needs the key, which is the SHA-256 output. Now, someone has asked me, "SHA-256 hash function is applied, how to transmit the hash values but with no extra transmission"?
Anyone can give me some hints on how to transmit the SHA-256 function output without no extra transmission?
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Transmitting the SHA-256 function output without any additional transmission involves sending the result along with the data it's derived from in a single transmission. This can be achieved by including the SHA-256 hash along with the original data. Here's how you can do it:
  1. Calculate the SHA-256 Hash: First, compute the SHA-256 hash of the data you want to transmit. This generates a fixed-size hash value unique to the input data.
  2. Transmit the Data and Hash Together: When transmitting the data, append or prepend the SHA-256 hash to it. This ensures that both the original data and its corresponding hash are sent in a single transmission.
  3. Recipient Verification: Upon receiving the data, the recipient can separate the hash from the data. They can then independently compute the SHA-256 hash of the received data and compare it with the transmitted hash. If the computed hash matches the transmitted hash, it indicates that the data has not been altered during transmission.
Here's a simple example in Python:
pythonCopy codeimport hashlib def transmit_data_with_hash(data): # Calculate the SHA-256 hash of the data hash_value = hashlib.sha256(data.encode()).hexdigest() # Transmit data and hash together transmitted_data = data + hash_value # Return the transmitted data return transmitted_data def verify_transmitted_data(transmitted_data): # Separate the data and hash data = transmitted_data[:-64] # Assuming SHA-256 hash length is 64 characters transmitted_hash = transmitted_data[-64:] # Recompute the hash of the received data computed_hash = hashlib.sha256(data.encode()).hexdigest() # Compare computed hash with transmitted hash if computed_hash == transmitted_hash: return "Data integrity verified. No alterations detected." else: return "Data integrity verification failed. Possible alterations detected." # Example usage original_data = "Hello, world!" transmitted_data = transmit_data_with_hash(original_data) print("Transmitted data with hash:", transmitted_data) # Simulating transmission... # Upon receiving transmitted_data, recipient verifies it verification_result = verify_transmitted_data(transmitted_data) print(verification_result)
This code demonstrates how to transmit data along with its SHA-256 hash and verify data integrity upon reception. Remember to adjust the code as needed for your specific use case and programming environment.
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What is the proposed Unified Software Engineering (USWE)? Do we urgently need it (Part 1)?
What is the critical Look @ Existing Software Engineering Courses?
Fayad's Proposal for the USWE Course
Working Title:
Adaptive Learning Units (ALUs) of a Named Target Course: Through Knowledge Patterns
Adaptive Learning Units (ALUs)
1. Our proposal aims to develop Adaptive Learning Units (ALUs) for a Unified Software Engineering Course, emphasizing Knowledge Patterns. We provide maps that outline a clear and concise path through the course content, including quizzes, exams, exercises, assignments, team projects, reading materials, and notes for each ALU. Although each course and map has a unique proposal, our primary focus remains on the Unified Software Engineering Course.
2. We are confident that our approach will yield the best results for your lifelong learning goals, ethics, knowledge, and applicability. Our expertise is unparalleled, and we are the best choice to guide you on this journey of learning and growth. Trust us, and let's get started today.
3. Our maps will highlight the "what" and "how-to" of the course, and we are confident that our approach will be effective and beneficial. We understand that different classes and maps require various proposals, but our focus in this lecture is the Unified Software Engineering Course.
4. We are excited about this proposal's possibilities and look forward to partnering with you on this exciting journey of learning and growth.
Goals:
1. Unification
2. Innovation
3. Stability
4. Essentiality
5. Critical Thinking
6. Lifelong Learning
7. Ethical Knowledge
Where ALUs are the following:
1. Software Stability Model (SSM) / Concurrent Software Engineering Model (CSEM)
2. Fayad's Art of Abstraction (FAA)
3. Unified Functional and Non-Functional Requirements
4. Unified and Ultimate Design
5. Unified Software Architecture on-Demand
6. Unified Immune Testing Environment
7. Unified Domain Analysis: Knowledge Map (UDA-KM)**
Where (UDA-KM)**per Unified Word/Unified Domain
(a) Stable Analysis Patterns (SAPs)
(b) Stable Design Patterns (SDPs)
(c) Stable Architecture Patterns (SArchPs)
(d) Algorithms
(e) Unified Non-Functional Requirements
(f) Unified Domain Standard (UDS)
(g) Fayad's Unified Software Engines (FUSE)
(h) Unified Software Engineering Reuse (USER)
(i) Unified Word/Unified Domain Dictionary
(j) Industrial Objects (IOs) or Application Objects (AOs) Dictionary (Concepts)
Additional ALUs:
1. Unified Word (UW)
2. Unified Word Engineering (UWE)
3. Fayad's Unified Modeling Language (F-UML)
4. Unified Software Project Management (USPM)
5. Unified Data Visualization Engine (UDVE)
6. Unified Business Rules (UBRs)
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Dear Prof. Fayad!
I see the value in your work. I am not certain whether you aim at undergraduate, master's, or MBA-level practical courses. In any case, "project-based software engineering capstone" - approach is an option to consider:
Saara Tenhunen, Tomi Männistö, Matti Luukkainen, Petri Ihantola,
A systematic literature review of capstone courses in software engineering,
Information and Software Technology, Volume 159,
Yours sincerely, Bulcsu Szekely
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How can I make this type road network connectivity map in ArcGIS software? please help me
Please see the map .
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I do not know what that map is attempting to portray ( or analyze ). To make something similar, the steps are very basic.
In Data View:
1. Download some shapefiles for the appropriate jurisdictional areas - maybe villages, but that example map doesn't match up with the official village boundaries ( those can change overtime ). Maybe shapefiles for the other higher level jurisdictions up to the national boundary if you want some sort of context map inset, or for filtering the village dataset.
2. Select the village polygons you need and export from that layer to a new layer.
3. Generate the polygons centroids of the new layer to get the node points.
4. Create a new empty polyline layer. Use the Edit tools to 'connect the dots' between the nodes you want connected.
Switch to Layout View:
5. Adjust the symbology of the layers to suit.
6. place and size your data
7. Add whatever annotations, markup, notes, scales etc. needed.
This does not give you a 'road network' map. It merely approximates the technique sued to make the example map.
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How can I make this type road network connectivity map in ArcGIS software? please help me
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That figure looks like an origin-destination analysis. Here is the relevant ArcGIS Pro online documentation: https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/3.1/tool-reference/analysis/generate-origin-destination-links.htm Good luck!
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Good afternoon!
Can anyone tell me where I can find a map of a particular country (or a complete world map) bordering the Arctic zone, and where the solid minerals located on the Arctic shelf will be mapped? For example, I have a map of a part of Russia that shows solid mineral occurrences on the shelf (https://www.americangeosciences.org/sites/default/files/igc/3286.pdf), and I want to make a map of the entire Arctic zone (including Norway, Canada, USA, Greenland, etc.). Interested in solid minerals, and specifically on the Arctic shelf (i.e., those that are expected to be mined underwater).
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Dear Aleksandr Kirsanov Please do well to recommend my answer if helpful.
Maps depicting the distribution of solid minerals on the Arctic shelf can be obtained from various sources, including government agencies, research institutions, and international organizations. Here are some places where you might find such maps:
1. **Geological Surveys and Government Agencies:**
- Check the geological surveys or natural resources departments of Arctic countries. These agencies often conduct surveys and may provide maps of solid minerals on the Arctic shelf.
- Examples include the United States Geological Survey (USGS), Geological Survey of Canada, Geological Survey of Norway, and similar institutions in other Arctic nations.
2. **International Organizations:**
- Organizations like the Arctic Council or the International Seabed Authority may provide resources or links to maps related to the Arctic region's solid minerals.
3. **Research Institutions and Universities:**
- Academic institutions conducting research on Arctic geology or marine resources may have maps or datasets related to solid minerals. Explore the websites of universities with expertise in Arctic studies.
4. **Online Databases and Platforms:**
- Explore online databases that focus on geological and mineral resources, such as the World Data Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (WDC-MARE) or the International Geological Map Index (IGMI).
- GIS (Geographic Information System) platforms like ArcGIS Online might host relevant maps or datasets. Institutions using GIS for Arctic studies may share their findings through such platforms.
5. **Arctic Research Reports and Publications:**
- Scientific journals, research reports, and publications related to Arctic geology and mineral resources may include maps. Search for articles or reports from reputable sources.
6. **Government Geological Websites:**
- Visit the geological websites of Arctic nations and look for sections on offshore or marine resources. They might provide access to maps and data related to solid minerals.
7. **Library Resources:**
- Check with university or national libraries, especially those with strong Earth Sciences collections. Librarians may guide you to relevant publications or maps.
Remember that access to certain maps or data may be restricted due to national security, proprietary information, or environmental sensitivity. It's advisable to comply with any usage terms or permissions associated with the data you seek. If you have a specific country or region in mind, narrowing down your search to that particular area may also be helpful.
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Hi colleagues,
I am working on a travel medicine study and would like to draw a map using GIS software as follows:
The map should show the number of deaths that occurred among travelers to different countries by country of origin. So, we have three columns:
Country of origin, country of death, number of death
Please give me any visualization ideas. It will be a map in our manuscript.
The following map shows the number of deaths only for travelers to Peru as an example, but in my case, I will have the data for many countries, not only one.
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Hello,
Toward this spatial representation, ArcMap software would be an option. Compile country-specific data in an Excel file, then add it to the attribute table associated with the world map of countries. ArcMap offers you diverse spatial mapping patterns.
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Hello, dear community! ,
I am working on gamma-ray spectrometry data to delineate K-enrichment areas. I have created the maps using Geosoft, but I get errors when I use the K/eTh ratio (a map with few contours). I don't know what I am doing wrong.
Can anyone please help me?
Thank you
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There could be several reasons why you're encountering difficulties calculating the K/eTh ratio or F-parameter in your gamma-ray spectrometry data for K-enrichment delineation. Here are some possibilities to explore:
Data Issues:
  • Missing or incorrect channels: Ensure your data includes the necessary channels for potassium (K-40), thorium (eTh), and possibly other relevant elements like uranium (U-238).
  • Calibration errors: Verify that your data is properly calibrated for energy and intensity. Inaccurate calibration can lead to distorted peaks and incorrect elemental concentrations.
  • Background subtraction: Check if the background spectrum has been adequately subtracted. Residual background can interfere with peak analysis and affect ratio calculations.
Processing Errors:
  • Formula mistake: Double-check the formula you're using for calculating the K/eTh ratio or F-parameter. Ensure you're using the correct channel numbers and units.
  • Data manipulation errors: Verify that you haven't inadvertently applied any filters or transformations that might affect peak areas or ratios.
  • Software limitations: Check if Geosoft has any specific limitations or requirements for calculating these parameters. Refer to the software's documentation or consult their support team.
Interpretation Issues:
  • Low K concentrations: If the K concentration in your data is low compared to eTh, the K/eTh ratio might have few contours due to insufficient contrast. Consider using alternative parameters like K/U or Th/U ratios that might be more sensitive to K variations.
  • Geological factors: The distribution of K and eTh in your study area might not be spatially correlated, making the K/eTh ratio less informative for delineating K-enrichment zones. Consider incorporating other geological and geochemical information into your analysis.
Additional Tips:
  • Consult the literature: Refer to relevant publications on gamma-ray spectrometry data processing and K-enrichment delineation for specific techniques and best practices.
  • Seek expert advice: Consider consulting with a geophysicist or geologist experienced in gamma-ray spectrometry data analysis for troubleshooting and interpretation.
  • Share more details: If possible, provide more information about your data (e.g., data format, acquisition method, study area), processing steps, and specific error messages you encounter. This will help in providing more targeted guidance.
By systematically investigating these potential causes and seeking additional resources, you should be able to identify the source of your problem and successfully calculate the K/eTh ratio or F-parameter for your K-enrichment delineation project.
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Hello all,
I want to calculate interaction map for protein-ligand binding. This is to identify interactions, particularly the role of non-specific electrostatic interactions existing between the protein-ligand during the md simulation trajectory obtained using NAMD. Can anyone please guide me with steps to calculate it?
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I keen for sharing your knowledge and experience as i am working in my thesis about drawing road maps for the new shipyards to have a systemic step for having lean in its manufacture process. But here i am talking about Shiprepair or Rig Repair not the new building where the different is huge with respect of uncertainty scope and short time frame.
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ResearchGate Link:
(PDF) Improving Lean engagement through utilising improved communication, recognition and digitalisation during the COVID-19 pandemic in JLR's powertrain machining facility (researchgate.net)
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Hi all,
I am looking for a detailed online source of maps of desert areas in North America produced annually since 1979, freely available (ideally). Could anyone point me in the right direction please?
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I have some thematic maps which is used to calculate water potential zones using AHP but I wasn't able to perform Sensitivity in ARC-MAP
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Hi,
Do you mean A map removal sensitivity analysis? I have done this in the paper below:
Taghavi, N., Niven, R. K., Kramer, M. & Paull, D. J. (2023). Comparison of DRASTIC and DRASTICL groundwater vulnerability assessments of the Burdekin Basin, Queensland, Australia. Science of The Total Environment, 159945. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159945.
I'm happy to help.
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What programs, websites do you use when building maps?
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  • Atlist: Create Beautiful, Custom Google Maps With Multiple Markers
  • Inkarnate: Drag and Drop Fantasy Map Maker
  • Azgaar: Automatically Generate Fantasy World Maps
  • Map Creator: Easy Way to Create Printable Maps
  • Google My Maps: A Limited But Free Tool
  • MapChart: Color Code Countries & Regions
  • CACM: Create Clickable Maps For Website Navigation
  • Canva: A Free Mind Map Maker
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I have worked on a publication involving bibliometric analysis, which is stuck with a query.
The editor has asked to prepare the figures (author and country network maps) following English grammatical rules, i.e. to capitalize the initials of names of authors and countries.
However, since the figures are software generated, I have not been able to resolve the query.
I downloaded the data from the Web of Science Core Collection and used vosviewer for performing bibliometric analysis.
Can somebody help in resolving the query for capitalizing the initials of author and country names.
Thanking you in anticipation.
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In VOSviewer, save the map and the network files. Open the saved map file with Notepad++. Select the entire text and under the Edit menu, navigate to Convert Case to Proper Case. Go back to VOSviewer, and open the map file. You will realize the terms in the map will have their initials capitalized.@Abhishek Kumar.
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Dear Admin
I just looked at my article entitled :
The wrong co-author is listed, it should be Danendro Adi (https://scholar.google.co.id/citations?user=4SuNRUUAAAAJ&hl=en)
To immediately remove the name https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Deden-Adi-Lesmana as the co-author of the article above
regards
INDA ARIESTA, S.Sn., M.Sn.
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See "A researcher has wrongly claimed co-authorship of my publication" in https://help.researchgate.net/hc/en-us/articles/14292798510993 for instructions how to correct this. But unlike this help page suggests, most probably it was not the other author himself who wrongly claimed authorship, but ResearchGate's automatic algorithm wrongly identified him as the author and assigned your publication to his profile. This is a frequent problem in ResearchGate in case of similar names.
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SO, I have data sets from 1980-2020 years of precipitation and temperature how to plot similar map? Not sure how to proceed, I have annual Precipitation for approximately 15 stations for my catchment. So, If i take average annual rainfall values it gives average annual map, if I am not wrong. then how to find the change in precipitation? should I use any formula to find the value for each station?
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Do you mean determining rainfall patterns?
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Suppose L_p is the usual Lebesgue space over (0,1) if you wish. Suppose T_j:L_1-->L_2 defines a sequence of continuous linear operators. Suppose l_1(L_1) is the Banach space of sequences from L_1 with norm (f_j_j-->||f_1||+||f_2||+... . Suppose L_2(l_inf) is the Banach space of sequences (f_j)_j from L_2 with the norm (f_j)_j-->||sup_j|f_j||. Finally, suppose T:l_1(L_1)-->L^2(l_inf) is a linear map defined by
(f_j)_j-->(T_j(f_j))_j.
It seems to me that the fact that T is well-defined, i.e. all outputs are in L_2(l_inf), AND each T_j is continuous implies T is continuous by the closed graph theorem. This is because the candidate limit (f_j)_j when arguing T has a closed graph has to satisfy f_j=T_j(x_j) where (x_j^n)_j converges to (x_j)_j in L_1(l_1).
My uncertainty stems from the following example. Fix T_1 and let T_j=log(j+9)T_1 for j>2. Since this sequence (T_j)_j is not uniformly L_1-->L_2 bounded, the corresponding operator T cannot be bounded(continuous). However, the slow growth of the operator norms is slow enough so that for (f_j)_j in L_1(l_1),
||sup_{j\le N}|T_j(f_j)|||<=||T_1||(sum_j (log(j+9))^2||f_j||^2)^{1/2}.
I'm just estimating by replacing maximal function on left with square function within the L_2 norm. In other words, since (f_j) in L^1(l_1), the right side of the inequality is finite and independent of N. Does this not imply T is well-defined from L_1(l_1) into L_2(l_inf) and thus contradicting the closed graph theorem argument above.
What am I missing? What dumb oversight am I not seeing?
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Thanks, don't know what I was thinking.
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I am using Qgis 2.16.3 for LULC prediction using molusce plugin... i am getting a memory error in molusce plugin just after creating change map screenshot attached below ..pls help
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Hello Mr.Jaiswal, i think the issue is the version of Qgis that you are using. Since, Molusce is not updated in quite recent years it is only compaitable with versions lesser than QGis 3.0. I hope you might have figured this by now as you have asked question long back.
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What is the best software to prepare infographics or charts using world map or country map?
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Michael John Patrick As I understand, main philosophy of Inforgram are interactivity. But I found a print button with selection of high quality PNG, JPG, PDF, GIF and MP4. Unfortunately, all printing options are available only after payment. Only "print screen" save us :-)
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I am using ArcMap 10.3 for making a map of study locations for researches I conducted. I recently wanted to add the agro-ecological zonation of the locations on the map, but I can not able to do so because this item is not found in the shapefile I do have. I would be grateful if somebody can share with me his skill in how it is processed.
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Hi Cédric, thanks for sharing us the link. Could you please send me a link that indicates the descriptions of each class in the agroecological zones.
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I am working on a research in penetration of a rigid pile into soil. I am trying to apply  Mesh-to-Mesh solution Mapping (MSM) using ABAQUS by applying the function MAP SOLUTION . My difficulty is that this function seemingly is not able to map normal contact stresses from old to new generated meshes if I have two bodies in contact. This will under-estimate the reactions and the resulting run of each increment will be similar to wish-in-place condition. Is there any suggestion for solution.
Regards
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When using the MAP Solution function in ABAQUS for Mesh-to-Mesh solution Mapping (MSM) during the penetration analysis of a rigid pile into soil, it seems that the function is unable to accurately map normal contact stresses between the old and new meshes when two bodies are in contact. This can lead to underestimated reactions and results that resemble a wish-in-place condition.
Additionally, you can make use of this comprehensive soil simulation tutorial:
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I identified a portion of a small river river (~10km) in my region that went through significant physical changes after a recent forest disturbance, with meanders being cut through and new erosion and deposition areas. I would like to map river geomorphology and quantitatively assess physical changes through time to evaluate the impact of the disturbance.
Can you suggest published methodologies?
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Hi,
on top of the mentioned suggestions, if you can get historical images from Landsat, orthophoto... that can help to reconstruct DEM. You can use Land evolution models (LEM) to analyze the morphological change, or simply check the Difference of DEMS (DoD). Currently, I'm using CAESAR-Lisflood to analyze channel morphological change in different time frame, it works well.
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Hi everyone!
where can I get spatial data for rock types, detailed map, shapefiles,
gridded data, anything will do for me.
I need Global Data.
Please share some links.
Thank you!
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Las empresas de EXPLORACIÓN MINERA, levantan perfiles espacio/temporales de los sustratos geológicos.
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Geological hazard evaluation and monitoring (tools, methods, maps, etc.…)
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Thank you for help. Give me information
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Which approach makes the most sense for creating a pest map of any insect pest?
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Dear Jaydeep,
Check the Species Distribution Models.
Best
Nasson
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A few days ago, I read a literature about urban lakes in China, called " High-resolution circa-2020 map of urban lakes in China", and I was a bit curious. How many urban lakes are there in the world?
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One could use the Urban-TEP data sets ( https://urban-tep.eu/#! ) like Global Urban Footprint (GUF) ".... 2015 Worldwide inventory of human settlements (urban & rural) using one global coverage of SAR data with 0.4 arcsec (~12 m) ground resolution collected by the satellites TerraSAR-X / TanDEM-X in 2011-2013." and / or the Human Settlement Layer - along with the 2015 The TimeScan-Landsat-2000 layer "... for such aspects as the state of vegetation, water cover, or bare ground (e.g., built-up, rock, soil). For each of the indices temporal statistics" and or the ESA Land Cover CCI dataset".
As Carl Alexander Frisk pointed out, such a global query would involve some complex taxonomy and lexicon issues to refine - the toponyms used by the locals will vary considerably, along with temporal variation ( ex. Global Surface Water 1984-2021 at https://global-surface-water.appspot.com/download ), i.e. a 'lake' frequently is also a 'reservoir', so if it is empty, is it still a 'lake' for your purposes. There are actually some more refined geomorphological definitions, but those are usually specific to domain and jurisdiction.
With some clever up front design effort along with being explicit about your definitions, you could come up with a 'count' via a relatively straightforward pipeline of simple raster operations.
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What are the rules for equipotential lines and feature of the equipotential map indicates where the electric field is strongest?
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Yes, densities parts of the equipotential maps illustrate where the electrical field is strongest lines are angled. This means that the greater the angles, the greater the spreading. Therefore, the electric field is indeed strongest near the electrodes. The equipotential lines can be drawn by making them perpendicular to the electric field lines, if those are known. Note that the potential is greatest near the positive charge and least near the negative charge. Equipotential surfaces have equal potentials everywhere on them. For stronger fields, equipotential surfaces are closer to each other! These equipotential surfaces are always perpendicular to the electric field direction, at every point. The electric field is the gradient of the potential. If the equipotential lines are closer together, the potential changes by the same amount over a shorter distance. Consequently, the electric field is stronger in this case. Electric field lines begin on positive charges and radiate away from them toward negative charges, where they terminate. Equipotential lines are lines connecting points of the same electric potential. All electric field lines cross all equipotential lines perpendicularly. The electric field strength is represented by the distance between the equipotential lines. The closer together the equipotential lines are, the stronger the electric field. The potential is the same along each equipotential line, meaning that no work is required to move a charge anywhere along one of those lines. Work is needed to move a charge from one equipotential line to another. Equipotential lines are perpendicular to electric field lines in every case. W = −ΔPE = −qΔV = 0. Electric field lines are perpendicular to the equipotential lines, and point "downhill" and a conductor forms an equipotential surface when lines are close to each other, the electric field is strong.
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There are many articles published on quantum image encryption, either based on chaos applications or any other techniques. Still, for the diffusion process, every author used quantum XOR using the CNOT or CCNOT gate, and I have done the same thing using a newly defined chaotic map. Still, I have one doubt whenever we test or encrypted image with NPCR and UACI test, the test results come very low even not close to 99.60 and 33.46. So, my question is how authors got the excellent NCR and UACI results. Please, can anyone help me with this issue?
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Hi,
The NPCR (Number of Pixel Change Rate) and UACI (Unified Average Change Intensity) tests are commonly used to evaluate the quality of encrypted images in terms of their resistance against attacks and the level of diffusion achieved. The higher the NPCR and the lower the UACI, the better the diffusion properties of the encryption algorithm.
If the NPCR and UACI results you obtained are significantly lower than the expected values of 99.60 and 33.46, respectively, it suggests that the diffusion process in your encryption algorithm may not be effective enough. This could be due to a variety of reasons, including the choice of the chaotic map, the implementation of the diffusion process, or errors in the encryption algorithm.
Here are a few things you can consider to improve the NPCR and UACI results:
Chaotic map selection: Ensure that the chaotic map you are using has good statistical properties and provides sufficient diffusion. Different chaotic maps have different properties, and some may be better suited for image encryption than others. You could try experimenting with different chaotic maps to see if they improve the diffusion properties of your algorithm.
Diffusion process: Review the diffusion process in your encryption algorithm. It's possible that the diffusion process is not adequately spreading the pixel changes throughout the encrypted image. You may need to revisit the diffusion mechanism and consider alternative techniques to enhance the diffusion properties.
Implementation errors: Double-check your implementation of the encryption algorithm and the diffusion process. Small errors or inconsistencies in the code could lead to suboptimal results. Make sure you are correctly applying the diffusion operations and that there are no unintended biases or patterns in the encrypted image.
Parameter tuning: Some encryption algorithms rely on adjustable parameters that can impact the diffusion properties. Experiment with different parameter values to find the optimal settings that provide better NPCR and UACI results.
Comparison with existing algorithms: Compare your results with other established encryption algorithms that use similar techniques or chaotic maps. This can help you identify any major discrepancies and provide insights into potential improvements.
Additionally, it's worth noting that achieving the exact NPCR and UACI values reported in the literature may not always be feasible due to variations in implementation, image datasets, and testing methodologies. However, it's important to strive for results that are close to the reported values to ensure the robustness of your encryption algorithm.
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Some of the electronic components of our electronic drive unit have burnt, we have replaced them but still the electronic device unit isn't working properly and we can't use our turbo pump. Has anyone had this problem before? Any ideas how to fix it? I think that with the electronic outline (map) we can find the problem (hopefully). Thanks a lot!
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Hi ,
I can provide you with some common causes of electronic drive unit malfunction in turbo pumps based on my knowledge.
When electronic components of the drive unit have burnt and have been replaced, but the unit still isn't working properly, there could be several reasons for this issue. Here are some possible causes and troubleshooting steps to consider:
Incorrect replacement: Ensure that the burnt electronic components were replaced with the correct parts and that they are compatible with the turbo pump's specifications.
Power supply issues: Check the power supply to the electronic drive unit. Make sure it is providing the correct voltage and that there are no fluctuations or power surges that could damage the components.
Wiring and connections: Inspect the wiring and connections between the electronic drive unit and the turbo pump. Ensure that all connections are secure and properly connected. Check for any loose or damaged wires that could be causing a malfunction.
Overheating: Verify that the cooling system for the electronic drive unit is functioning properly. Overheating can cause damage to the components and lead to malfunctions. Clean any dust or debris from the cooling system and ensure proper airflow.
Faulty electronic components: Although you have replaced the burnt components, it is possible that there are other faulty components in the electronic drive unit. Consider having a professional technician or engineer inspect the unit to identify any additional faulty components.
Software or firmware issues: Check if there are any software or firmware updates available for the electronic drive unit. Updating the software or firmware may resolve any compatibility issues or bugs that could be causing the malfunction.
Manufacturer support: If you have tried the above troubleshooting steps and the electronic drive unit still isn't working properly, it may be necessary to contact the manufacturer for further assistance. They can provide specific guidance and support based on the model and specifications of your turbo pump.
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I am using Google Earth Engine for LULC classification map. For this purpose I have used smile random forest classifier to classify the Landsat 7 Top of Atmosphere data. Now could you please tell me how can I validate the LULC classification map?
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Great job, you can validate in two ways:
1. use Google earth or
2. Ground truthing (actual fieldwork visit with selected georeferenced points)
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What is the pixel classification for different land use in an NDBI map for hilly areas?
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Kindly review the literature to gain an understanding of the different threshold values, which may not necessarily apply to your study area.
It is also recommended that you apply NDBI on your imagery and verify the classes against values using Google Earth images and/or field verification.
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We have a telematics data - temperature values are collected per second. To generate a hourly map of temperature of a city, suggest the appropriate resolution. This map is not for any specific use case.
Let me know if you have any evidence, why a specific resolution is to be considered.
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You can search online what's the minimum spatial resolution required for urban-scale applications. As suggested above, the minimum pixel size should be 10m. Having said that, you will find papers utilizing lower spatial resolution data. This doesn't necessarly mean that they are wrong, but you need to be careful about what conclusions you can make when using lower spatial resolution data.
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I need the mapping the breast cancer patient journey in a process map format
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Example of a simplified process map outlining the breast cancer patient journey:
1. Awareness and Screening:
- Patient becomes aware of breast cancer through education, campaigns, or personal risk factors.
- Patient undergoes regular breast cancer screenings, such as mammograms or self-examinations.
2. Diagnosis:
- Patient identifies a potential breast abnormality or experiences symptoms.
- Patient visits a primary care physician or specialist for further evaluation.
- Medical examinations, imaging tests (mammogram, ultrasound, MRI), and biopsies are performed.
- Diagnosis of breast cancer is confirmed.
3. Treatment Planning:
- Patient meets with an oncologist or a multidisciplinary team to discuss treatment options.
- Comprehensive assessment of the cancer stage, grade, and other relevant factors.
- Treatment options are presented, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, or targeted therapy.
- Patient and healthcare team collaboratively develop a personalized treatment plan.
4. Treatment:
- Surgery: Patient undergoes surgical procedures, such as lumpectomy, mastectomy, or lymph node removal.
- Systemic Therapy: Patient receives chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or hormonal therapy.
- Radiation Therapy: Patient undergoes a course of radiation treatments.
- Supportive Care: Patient may receive supportive therapies, such as pain management or counseling.
5. Monitoring and Follow-up:
- Patient goes through regular follow-up visits and monitoring to assess treatment response and potential side effects.
- Imaging tests (mammograms, CT scans, etc.) and blood tests are conducted at specified intervals.
- Adjustments to the treatment plan may be made based on monitoring results.
6. Survivorship and Rehabilitation:
- Patient transitions into the survivorship phase, focusing on physical and emotional well-being.
- Rehabilitation programs, including physical therapy or counseling, may be recommended.
- Support groups and survivorship care plans may be provided to address long-term needs.
It's important to note that the patient journey can vary based on individual circumstances, treatment protocols, and healthcare systems. The above process map provides a general overview and may require customization based on specific contexts.
Hope it helps:credit AI
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What are the best methods for Gold Nugget Prospecting?
Especially Victorian fields in Australia
And is there any map for abandoned mines and fields in this area?
#Gold #Nugget #Victoria #Bendigo #Ballarat #Australia #Clunes #Avoca #Castlemaine #Creswick #Maryborough
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Most mining claims in various countries are handled through various federal and state registries like https://tenementregister.sarig.sa.gov.au/ and https://www.business.qld.gov.au/industries/mining-energy-water/resources/landholders/searches and https://www.qld.gov.au/environment/land/management/abandoned-mines ... "Sites are classed as ‘abandoned’ once a mining tenure no longer exists. There are about 120 complex abandoned mine sites in Queensland. Some, such as Mount Morgan, Mount Oxide, and Hopeland (ex-Linc Energy), are currently managed through the Abandoned Mine Lands Program (AMLP). The program also manages subsidence issues at Collingwood Park and remediation of smaller mine sites." and https://www.business.qld.gov.au/industries/mining-energy-water/resources/minerals-coal/online-services/georesglobe ...
  • Access to permit, geoscience and native title spatial data.
  • Links to resource authority reports.
  • Ability to view and query map layers.
Your mileage may vary. Where I live, the state has actually scanned the original engineering drawings, some from the 1800's because the area is honeycombed with shafts and tunnels. Real estate developers get upset when their bulldozers vanish down a shaft.
Also, any interesting area has rock hound clubs and some even are specifically around amateur activities like panning and smelting - they also collect mining memorabilia like maps, tools, etc.
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What is empathy map?
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An empathy map is a tool used in design thinking and customer experience to help teams understand and empathize with their target users or customers. It is a visual representation that helps teams to gain a deeper understanding of the thoughts, feelings, and motivations of their users by considering their needs, desires, fears, and pain points. The empathy map typically includes sections for what the user says, thinks, does, and feels, providing a comprehensive view of the user's experience. This tool can be used to inform product development, marketing strategies, and customer service initiatives.
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A literature review requires comprehensive searching, creating knowledge maps, reading, note-taking, and writing. Here’s how to enhance these steps with handpicked, tried-and-tested AI tools. If you are a researcher, this is the toolkit you need! Which of these tools are you already using?
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It's important to note that while AI tools can greatly assist in the literature review process, they are complements to, rather than replacements for, the researcher's critical thinking, analytical skills, and domain expertise. The final interpretation, synthesis, and conclusions drawn from the literature remain a deeply human and intellectual endeavor.
If you're using or considering any specific AI tools for your literature review, I'd be interested to know
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I would like to use VOSviewer for bibliometric analysis and I have used both desktop as well as web versions. However during adding data or creating a map from 'Scopus' or 'Dimensions' on my PC all the options of 'Type of Analysis' remain disabled except 'Co-authorship'. The solution is highly solicited.
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Oh, I have got the reply from Nees Jan as follows on Sep 14, 2021
Dear Zahid,
When exporting data from Scopus, make sure that the references of documents are included in the export. By default, they are not included, so you need to overrule the default settings and indicate that references should be included. The references should be included in order to be able to create citation-based maps in VOSviewer.
I hope this is helpful.
Best regards,
Nees
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Hello everyone
I need to compute in MATLAB both the Lyapunov exponents for 2D discrete-chaotic Maps
For example the 2D Logistic map defined as:
x(n+1)=r*(3*y(n)+1)*x(n)*(1-x(n));
y(n+1)=r*(3*x(n)+1)*y(n)*(1-y(n));
where, r = 0.4: 0.01: 1.2
I am comfortable with computing the LE for any 1D discrete chaotic map like 1D logistic map with that differentiation method. But, I am confused for its 2D version. Is there any method of computing its two LEs using its generated two time series ( for x-series and y-series)? or How that differentiation method be extended for this 2D version?
Please help and provide the sample Matlab code (for any discrete 2D chaotic map) if anyone is having it. I shall be highly thankful for the kind help and guidance.
Best Regards,
E. Mehallel
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Contacter sur email
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I am solving Vehicle routing problem by using python, but i could not do it, i have no enough practice, i request you to solve the problem ,
i have given here the map and distance matrix, solve by using python, 3 vehicle should move with minimum distance travel
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First, you need to install the OR-Tools library if you haven't already
pip install ortools
from ortools.constraint_solver import routing_enums_pb2
from ortools.constraint_solver import pywrapcp
# Define the distance matrix (replace this with your actual distance matrix)
distance_matrix = [
[0, 20, 23, 19, 13, 16, 38, 38, 24, 12, 18, 13],
[20, 0, 5, 33.4, 31.6, 28.5, 37.8, 54.5, 47.5, 30, 36.2, 14.2],
[23, 5, 0, 40, 35, 32.6, 41.6, 62, 47.3, 40, 40.3, 18.6],
[19, 33.4, 40, 0, 13, 17.6, 15.5, 32, 37.5, 28, 37.8, 32.8],
[13, 31.6, 32.6, 13, 0, 43, 8, 22, 19.3, 23, 24, 20],
[16, 28.5, 35, 17.6, 13, 0, 10, 10, 15, 22, 20, 16],
[38, 37.8, 41.6, 15.5, 8, 10, 0, 17, 20, 23, 24, 26.2],
[38, 54.5, 62, 32, 22, 10, 17, 0, 14, 24, 26, 46],
[24, 47.5, 47.3, 37.5, 19.3, 15, 20, 14, 0, 10, 12, 31],
[12, 30, 40, 28, 23, 22, 23, 24, 10, 0, 12, 23],
[18, 36.2, 40.3, 37.8, 24, 24, 24, 26, 12, 12, 0, 20],
[13, 14.2, 18.6, 32.8, 20, 16, 26.2, 46, 31, 23, 20, 0]
]
# Create a routing model
def create_data_model():
data = {}
data['distance_matrix'] = distance_matrix
data['num_vehicles'] = 3 # Number of vehicles
data['depot'] = 0 # The depot is node 0
return data
def main():
# Instantiate the data problem
data = create_data_model()
# Create the routing index manager
manager = pywrapcp.RoutingIndexManager(len(data['distance_matrix']),
data['num_vehicles'], data['depot'])
# Create Routing Model
routing = pywrapcp.RoutingModel(manager)
# Create and register a transit callback
def distance_callback(from_index, to_index):
from_node = manager.IndexToNode(from_index)
to_node = manager.IndexToNode(to_index)
return data['distance_matrix'][from_node][to_node]
transit_callback_index = routing.RegisterTransitCallback(distance_callback)
# Define cost of each arc
routing.SetArcCostEvaluatorOfAllVehicles(transit_callback_index)
# Set 10 seconds as the maximum time allowed per each vehicle
search_parameters = pywrapcp.DefaultRoutingSearchParameters()
search_parameters.time_limit.seconds = 10
# Solve the problem
solution = routing.SolveWithParameters(search_parameters)
# Print solution if found
if solution:
print_solution(manager, routing, solution)
def print_solution(manager, routing, solution):
print('Objective: {} units of milk traveled'.format(solution.ObjectiveValue()))
for vehicle_id in range(manager.GetNumberOfVehicles()):
index = routing.Start(vehicle_id)
plan_output = 'Route for vehicle {}:\n'.format(vehicle_id + 1)
while not routing.IsEnd(index):
plan_output += ' {} ->'.format(manager.IndexToNode(index))
index = solution.Value(routing.NextVar(index))
plan_output += ' {}\n'.format(manager.IndexToNode(index))
print(plan_output)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
This code sets up the VRP instance for your problem with three vehicles and multiple destinations, calculates the optimal routes, and prints the results. You can replace the distance_matrix with your actual distance matrix. Make sure that the depot is defined as node 0, and the number of vehicles (num_vehicles) is set to 3 as per your problem description.
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please advice and give the information how should
I be ready for it.?
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Publish as much as you can before you even defend your thesis. This would make the defense easier and give you exposure
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I am validating an ELISA measuring A1c (also called glycated hemoglobin; target for humans) for use in another species. It is a direct sandwich assay. The standard and my sample (whole blood) were both serially diluted twofold.
I am wondering if anybody can help diagnose what I am seeing in my parallelism graph. As you can see in my graph (attached), the curves are near inverse of each other (linearity R2 = -0.91). Since it is a direct assay, I would of course expect this correlation to be positive.
I have gone over my plate map and how I set up my dilution rack a hundred times in my head, and I am quite certain that I did load my plate in the correct sequence as my plate map - ie, having both standard and sample increase in concentration down their respective column. Is there any other possibility (besides me incorrectly loading my plate according to my map) that could cause this "perfectly incorrect" parallelism correlation?
I would love to be proved wrong and find out that it was indeed my error in loading - but I'm pretty sure I loaded it correctly...so I just wanted to check if there was any biological answer to this (matrix effect?)
I plan to run another plate tomorrow to check- but just wanted to ask.
Thank you!
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Robert Adolf Brinzer I will try that. Thank you!
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There's G-Fourier for Linux and MacOS. I can't make it work for Windows however. Is there some Fourier analysis software that would allow me to make 2D and 3D electron density maps on a Windows machine?
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Yes, there are free software programs available for Windows machines that can be used to generate electron density maps, typically for use in the field of computational chemistry and crystallography. Here are a few options:
PyMOL: PyMOL is a widely used molecular visualization tool that can generate electron density maps. While the free version of PyMOL has limited functionality, it can still be used for basic electron density map visualization. You can download the open-source version known as "PyMOL2" for free.
Avogadro: Avogadro is an open-source molecular editor and visualization tool that can also generate electron density maps. It is designed for general chemistry, and it's user-friendly.
Jmol: Jmol is another open-source molecular visualization program that can be used to visualize electron density maps. It's not as feature-rich as some other tools, but it's free and relatively easy to use.
XCrySDen: While primarily a crystallography visualization tool, XCrySDen can also generate electron density maps. It's open source and supports a variety of file formats.
Vesta: Vesta is a visualization program for structural models, and it can display electron density maps generated from crystallographic data. It's free and widely used in the crystallography community.
Remember that the availability and features of these software programs may change over time, so it's a good idea to visit their official websites for the latest information and downloads. Additionally, the quality and accuracy of electron density maps may depend on the underlying computational methods and data used, so it's essential to ensure that you have appropriate input data and settings for your specific research needs.
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There are many articles published on quantum image encryption, either based on chaos applications or any other techniques. Still, for the diffusion process, every author used quantum XOR using the CNOT or CCNOT gate, and I have done the same thing using a newly defined chaotic map. Still, I have one doubt whenever we test or encrypted image with NPCR and UACI test, the test results come very low even not close to 99.60 and 33.46. So, my question is how authors got the excellent NCR and UACI results. Please, can anyone help me with this issue?
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Dear Dr. Vivek Verma,
You may want to look over following useful information presented below:
The NPCR (Normalized Pixel Change Rate) and UACI (Unified Average Changing Intensity) tests are commonly used to evaluate the quality and security of image encryption techniques. These tests are designed to measure how much the encrypted image changes when a single pixel is altered in the original image. High NPCR and low UACI values indicate good security and encryption quality.
It's important to note that achieving high NPCR and low UACI values in quantum image encryption, or any encryption method, is not solely dependent on the choice of gates (like CNOT or CCNOT) or chaotic maps used for diffusion. There are several factors that can affect the results of these tests, and getting the desired NPCR and UACI values often requires careful consideration of various parameters and aspects of your encryption scheme. Here are some factors to consider:
  1. Key Management: The choice of encryption keys and how they are generated and managed can have a significant impact on the results. Make sure the key generation process is robust and secure.
  2. Quantum Algorithms: The specific quantum algorithms and gates used in your encryption process should be chosen carefully. The selection of quantum gates and their arrangement can influence the level of diffusion and the quality of encryption.
  3. Chaotic Maps: The chaotic maps used for diffusion play a crucial role. The properties of the chaotic map, such as its sensitivity to initial conditions, should be properly tuned to ensure good diffusion. Also, the number of iterations of the chaotic map may affect the results.
  4. Data Preprocessing: The preprocessing steps applied to the input image can affect the encryption results. Ensure that the preprocessing steps are consistent and not introducing unnecessary biases.
  5. Image Compression: Some encryption techniques may inadvertently introduce compression or other artifacts that affect the NPCR and UACI values. Avoid any unintentional image compression.
  6. Statistical Analysis: Carefully follow the procedures for calculating NPCR and UACI values. Ensure that you are comparing pixel values correctly and that you are taking into account rounding errors and data types.
  7. Randomness and Entropy: Ensure that the diffusion process is generating sufficient randomness and entropy. The quality of the random numbers used can impact the test results.
  8. Testing Datasets: The choice of testing datasets can affect the results. Make sure you're using a diverse set of images, and that the images are sufficiently large and complex to provide a meaningful evaluation.
  9. Evaluation Methodology: Double-check your implementation of the NPCR and UACI tests. Ensure that you are correctly following the standard procedures for these tests.
It's also important to remember that high NPCR and low UACI values are not the sole indicators of a secure encryption scheme. Other aspects of security, such as resistance to known attacks and robustness against various cryptographic analyses, should also be considered.
Ultimately, achieving the desired NPCR and UACI values requires a comprehensive approach to designing and implementing your quantum image encryption scheme, with attention to all the factors mentioned above. It may also involve making iterative improvements and optimizations to your technique. If the results are still not satisfactory, it's worth consulting with experts in quantum image encryption or cryptography for guidance and potential improvements.
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I am using TracePro software for optical simulation of my solar concentrator system. The software gives the results as irradiation flux map and also the incident ray table. Now for thermal simulationtion in ansys fluent whether the data from the irradiance flux map or the incident ray table with x,y,z coordinates should be used? Also how to import these irradiance data in ANSYS fluent?
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I know I'm a little late, but nevertheless, the initial step involves copying the data into an Excel (.csv) or text file. To begin, select the "irradiance maps" option and transfer the data to an Excel file, resulting in gridwise data. However, it's essential to note that Ansys interprets flux data based on X, Y, and Z coordinates rather than a grid. Therefore, the next step entails converting the grid data into coordinates. You can accomplish this using software such as Matlab, Python, or any other suitable tool. If you require assistance with the code for this conversion, please don't hesitate to reach out to me.
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---
title: "Study Area Map"
author: "Musab Isak"
date: "2023-08-27"
output: html_document
---
```{r setup, include=FALSE}
knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
```
**Load packages**
```{r}
library(tidyverse) #provide tools for data manipulation
library(ggplot2) #Used for creating intricate and customizable data visualizations
library(dplyr) #Offers a set of functions for efficient data manipulation
library(sf) #Provides tools for working with spatial data
library(rnaturalearth) #Allows you to access and retrieve geographical data from the Natural earth dataset for mapping and analysis.
library(rnaturalearthdata) # Provides functions to load and manage Natural Earth data within R
library(raster) #Focuses on the manipulation and analysis of gridded spatial data
library(viridis) #Offers a set of perceptually uniform color scales for creating informative and visually appealing visualizations.
library(ggspatial) #Extends ggplot2 for spatial data, allowing you to combine the power of ggplot2 with spatial visualizations and data.
```
**Get Shape Data of the country and study areas**
```{r}
turkey <- st_as_sf(getData("GADM", level = 1, country = "TUR"))
# level 1 refers first level of administrative divisions, it could correspond to major regions or states within the country, like provinces or states in some other countries.
turkey1 <- st_as_sf(getData("GADM", level = 2, country = "TUR"))
#level 2 refers second level of administrative divisions within a country. It's a more detailed breakdown of administrative regions.
trapzon <- st_as_sf(subset(turkey1, NAME_1== "Trabzon")) #This object likely contains the spatial information for the administrative region named "Trabzon."
giresun <- st_as_sf(subset(turkey1, NAME_1== "Giresun"))
ordu <- st_as_sf(subset(turkey1, NAME_1== "Ordu"))
samsun <- st_as_sf(subset(turkey1, NAME_1== "Samsun"))
```
**Plot Location without legend names**
```{r}
turkey_ggplot <- ggplot() +
geom_sf(data = turkey, aes(fill = "Turkey")) +
geom_sf(data = subset(turkey1, NAME_1 == "Trabzon"), fill = "yellow") +
geom_sf(data = subset(turkey1, NAME_1 == "Ordu"), fill = "green") +
geom_sf(data = subset(turkey1, NAME_1 == "Samsun"), fill = "skyblue") +
geom_sf(data = subset(turkey1, NAME_1 == "Giresun"), fill = "purple") +
geom_rect(aes(xmin = 35, xmax = 41, ymin = 40, ymax = 41.8), color = "black", fill = NA) +
scale_fill_manual(values = "pink") +
theme_minimal() +
theme(plot.background = element_blank())
print(turkey_ggplot)
```
**Plot Location with legend names**
```{r}
# Create a new data frame for the legend
legend_data <- data.frame(
City = c("Trabzon", "Ordu", "Samsun", "Giresun"),
Color = c("yellow", "green", "skyblue", "purple")
)
turkey_ggplot <- ggplot() +
geom_sf(data = turkey, aes(fill = "Turkey")) +
geom_sf(data = subset(turkey1, NAME_1 %in% c("Trabzon", "Ordu", "Samsun", "Giresun")), aes(fill = NAME_1)) +
geom_rect(aes(xmin = 35, xmax = 41, ymin = 40, ymax = 41.8), color = "black", fill = NA) +
scale_fill_manual(values = c("Turkey" = "pink", "Trabzon" = "yellow", "Ordu" = "green", "Samsun" = "skyblue", "Giresun" = "purple"),
guide = guide_legend(override.aes = list(fill = "white"))) +
theme_minimal() +
theme(plot.background = element_blank()) +
guides(fill = guide_legend(title = "Cities", label.theme = element_text(color = "black", face = "bold"))) + labs(title = "STUDY AREA")
print(turkey_ggplot)
```
**NOTE** You can add Annotation and scalebar by using *scalebar()* function and *annotation_north_arrow()* if you are interested in.
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Tom Koch This is the answer.
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I'm trying to learn SPHY model but I'm facing some issues in running of SPHY preprocessor model in QGIS 2.8.2 like GDaL open failed and while creating initial maps they get removed automatically. And also while performing case study of Trisuli river basin in SPHY model soil section, I was not able to integrate the LOOKUP table required for other soil parameters properly.
I have followed the installation manual to the best of my knowledge but I'm not able to fully resolve the issues myself. I want to start afresh with installation of SPHY model again
I am seeking assistance in understanding the cause of this problem and how to resolve it. Any guidance on this matter would be greatly appreciated.
Thank you in advance for your help.
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This is a very generic answer, from looking at the dates in the GitHub repository, the DropBox file dates, etc. - Software is like bananas, so many of the version numbers are a decade old at this point.
Your grief ( guess follows ) is probably related to the exact versions and relationships of the Operating system, SPHY, QGIS, and their respective dependencies ( the 'Environment'). The relationships in the code can be explicit ( as in a configuration file(s) which give exact paths to the desired components or implicit (assumed). The classic case is when MS issues some sort of update which breaks things. Usually, when this is important, one uses a tool like Conda (or Anaconda) which allows the software to execute in a controlled 'bubble', where exactly the correct versions can be installed, and not worry that some other software has altered a path to some important component. Your best best bet is to formulate an exact description of your installation, what works and what doesn't ( don't expect people to ask twenty questions back and forth just to get to the problem ) in the SPHY user group, which seems to be fairly active. And most import, give a specific and relevant subject to your post: https://groups.google.com/g/sphy-model-user ... you can also scroll down and read if others have had the same issue before posting. Also, read the Release Notes on https://sphy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
Let me know how it goes, and post the resolution here so others can learn from the experience.
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Hello there,
I have seen the website https://cwfis.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/maps/fw?type=fwi which generates maps of fire weather parameters like DMC, FWI , FFMC etc. based on the date. Is there a way i can get the data in the form of a .nc file or something that contains the continuous historical data of these parameters for canada?
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yeah, I am trying to calculate the fire weather variables from the normal weather variables using some R library package fwi, but its kind of tedious.
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Dear All,
I am currently in the process of learning the Spatial Processes in Hydrology (SPHY) model, specifically working with the preprocessor module in the Sikkim Himalayan region, which is part of the High Mountain Asia (HMA) region.
I have encountered an issue in the "Module" tab of the preprocessing tool. I selected and saved data for glaciers, snow, groundwater, and routing, but after running this step, only the GlacFrac map appears in the table of contents. In the Python console, it indicates that "temp2" and "temp3.tif" have been removed.
I am seeking assistance in understanding the cause of this problem and how to resolve it. Any guidance on this matter would be greatly appreciated.
Thank you in advance for your help.
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Hi ,
It seems like you're experiencing an issue with the Spatial Processes in Hydrology (SPHY) model while working with the preprocessor module in the Sikkim Himalayan region, which is part of the High Mountain Asia (HMA) region. Specifically, you've encountered a problem where only the GlacFrac map appears in the table of contents after running the preprocessing step, and it indicates that "temp2" and "temp3.tif" have been removed in the Python console.
This issue might be related to several factors, so let's troubleshoot it step by step:
  1. Check Data Availability: First, ensure that you have all the necessary input data for glaciers, snow, groundwater, and routing in the correct file formats and locations. Check if "temp2" and "temp3.tif" are present in the specified directories.
  2. Data Compatibility: Verify that the data you're using is compatible with the SPHY model. Ensure that the data is in the right projection, coordinate system, and format that the model expects. Any inconsistencies could lead to issues during preprocessing.
  3. Layer Ordering: In some GIS software, the order of layers in the table of contents can affect the processing. Make sure that the layers for glaciers, snow, groundwater, and routing are listed in the correct order, with the glaciers layer on top if applicable.
  4. Naming Conventions: Double-check that your data layers have appropriate and consistent naming conventions. Sometimes, naming discrepancies can lead to data not being recognized or processed correctly by the model.
  5. Layer Properties: Review the properties of the layers you're working with, such as data type, compression, and spatial resolution. Ensure they match the requirements of the SPHY model.
  6. Error Logs: Examine the Python console logs carefully. Look for any specific error messages or warnings related to "temp2" and "temp3.tif." These messages may provide clues about what went wrong.
  7. Documentation and Support: Consult the SPHY model documentation and user guides for troubleshooting tips specific to the version you are using. Additionally, consider reaching out to the SPHY model's support or user community for assistance. They may have encountered and solved similar issues.
  8. Software Version Compatibility: Ensure that the version of the SPHY model you are using is compatible with your GIS software. Sometimes, updates or changes in either the model or the GIS software can cause compatibility issues.
  9. File Permissions: Check that you have the necessary permissions to access and modify the files in the specified directories.
  10. Reinstallation or Update: If none of the above steps resolve the issue, consider reinstalling or updating the SPHY model or your GIS software to the latest compatible versions.
By systematically checking these aspects and addressing any discrepancies or errors, you should be able to identify and resolve the problem with the SPHY model's preprocessing tool.
If you encounter specific error messages or have further details, please provide them for more targeted assistance.
If you finf my reply useful , please recommend it . Thanks
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Hello,
Greetings! Need urgent help. Could someone provide me with a source of global spatial datasets related to Bathymetric maps, Water Surface Temperature maps, and Chlorophyll content maps, or Primary Productivity maps? Please consider rivers, not oceans. Thank you.
Kind regards,
Sohel
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Thanks Samanin Apa.
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This is a similar question to a previous posting of mine. I have a range of seismic isochron maps representing different horizons in a sedimentary basin (files attached). I have no further information other than these maps and would like to convert the contours to depth. I point out that the index contours have a depth (in brackets) beside the contour value but I can't work out the intermediate lines. I need to obtain a constant conversion factor and I can't get this from the index values as it changes with increasing TWT.
Also, there a number of parallel lines that bisect the isochrons, are these faults?
Thank you
Dave
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I have sent a similar query to Dave Gardiner in private seven days ago, but he didn't answer until now.
A relevant answer to such a question can only be given if we have more information!
Regards,
Laszlo
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Error message when using map Sanger data analysis "Subtask {Compose alignment} is failed: No read satisfy minimum identity criteria" typically occurs when I am attempting to map or align sequencing reads to a reference sequence.This error emerged following the update to the latest version (48.0).
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Really difficult to make conclusions without looking into the reads and reference genome. It might be for several reasons:
1. Wrong reference genome sequence
2. reads sequence is very poor
3. wrong platform to make your analysis
4. reads are not from Sanger??!
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Hello, as part of formula student car racing I need a SLAM algorithm that will recognize cones and will build a map (there will be a few laps therefore map is needed for optimal path). The cones are of known size. What is my best option in your opinion to choose sensors out of the following 3 (please consider that this project has a deadline so I need it to be implemented as fast as possible): 1. 2 cameras that will use geometry to determine the distance of the cones from the vehicle. 2. 1 camera that will use an estimation and the known size of the cones distance of the cones from the vehicle. 3. 1 camera and 1 lidar. The cones will have different colors so that we must have a camera that will sync with the lidar which might be difficult and cause problems?
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Es necesario levantar, en el terreno, un mapa digital temático con precisión suficiente para no posicionar erróneamente los componentes para su actividad.
El software SIG, disponible, posee herramientas para levantar la cartografía necesaria y genera nueva información geométrica del espacio y todos los elementos necesarios, según sus objetivos.
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Concept mapping is graphical representation of knowledge. If we use these maps in experimental research then what evaluation methods should be followed?
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You can measure concept maps using numbers (quantitatively) to see how good they are. Some things we look at include how many things are connected, how many connections there are, how organized it is, and how many words or labels are used. But remember, it's important to use numbers along with looking at it carefully to really understand if the concept map is good for what we need.
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I am currently in the process of formulating a research endeavor centered around the creation of landslide maps through the utilization of artificial intelligence techniques. My aim is to gather comprehensive data pertaining to locations that have experienced instances of land movement across global regions. Should any individuals be inclined to contribute their expertise and collaborate in this scholarly pursuit, I would indeed be most grateful for their engagement in this scholarly pursuit. #landslide #landslides
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Thank for your reply, I will be very happy to discuss this scientific topic with you.
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I have a set of data with spatial map with census tract, nearest distances to close by hospitals and cities. I need advise on how I can process this data for regression analysis and generate maps for ARC GIS (to see correlation). If you have a guide, it will be great. Thanks
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ArcGIS has Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) which can be used to regress a dependent variable over independent variables. It also takes into account spatial autocorrelation effects.
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I am solving Vehicle routing problem by using python, but i could not do it, i have no enough practice, i request you to solve the problem ,
i have given here the map and distance matrix, solve by using python, 3 vehicle should move with minimum distance travel
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The error message you provided indicates a check failure related to the number of vehicles in the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) solution. Specifically, it states that the check failed because the number of vehicles specified is 4, but the problem instance has 100 vehicles.
To resolve this issue, you need to ensure that the number of vehicles specified in your code matches the actual number of vehicles in your VRP instance. Double-check the part of your code where you define and set the number of vehicles and make sure it is correctly assigned as 3, which is the number you mentioned in your question.
Here's a general example of how you can define the number of vehicles using the OR-Tools library in Python:
```python
from ortools.constraint_solver import routing_enums_pb2
from ortools.constraint_solver import pywrapcp
def solve_vrp(distance_matrix, num_vehicles):
# Create the routing model and manager.
manager = pywrapcp.RoutingIndexManager(len(distance_matrix), num_vehicles, 0)
# Create the routing model.
routing = pywrapcp.RoutingModel(manager)
# ... Rest of your code ...
# Solve the problem.
solution = routing.Solve()
# ... Rest of your code ...
# Example usage
distance_matrix = ... # Provide your distance matrix here
num_vehicles = 3 # Set the number of vehicles
solve_vrp(distance_matrix, num_vehicles)
```
Make sure that you have correctly assigned the value of `num_vehicles` to 3 in your code to match your problem instance. If the issue persists, please provide more details about your code implementation, including the relevant sections where you define the number of vehicles and how you set up the problem, so that I can assist you further.
Good luck!!
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I have performed RNAseq analysis using the NCBI latest genome. While converting the geneids to gene symbols there are many NA in the gene Symbol , can anybody guide me regarding this
The code i am using for conversions is the map function:
mapIds(org.Hs.eg.db, keys = row.names(sorted_results),column ="SYMBOL",keytype = "ENTREZID")
Thanks
Mehwi
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Thankyou so much for your response .
It was resolved by adding the annotation file
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Precambrian wrench footprints captured in composite Bouguer anomaly map of the Outrer Himalayas. India
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Any interpretation of Bouguer gravity data should be built upon a realistic model with reasonable density values. Gravity data is non-unique so multiple hypotheses are possible. The best hypotheses are built from density data from boreholes. If an idea cannot be modeled due to lack of density data, any publication should also discuss alternative ideas. Such a paper might be valuable to generate discussion. If data exists and the idea cannot be modeled, it should be rejected and then other ideas should be modeled.
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I am following the vignette's protocol for the design II in AdehabitatHS using my data. But when I try to rasterize the polygons (14):
>pcc<-mcp(locs[,"Name"],unout="km2")
>pcc#it is a Spatial Polygons Data Frame showing the 14 polyogns
>image(maps)
>plot(pcc, col=rainbow(14),add=TRUE)
>hr<-do.call("data.frame",lapply(1:nrow(pcc),function(i){over(maps,geometry(pcc[i,]))}))
>hr[is.na(hr)]<-0
>names(hr)<-slot(pcc,"data")[,1]
>coordinates(hr)<-coordinates(maps)
>gridded(hr)<-TRUE
I got the following Error:
suggested tolerance minimum: 4.36539e-08
Error in points2grid(points, tolerance, round) :
dimension 2 : coordinate intervals are not constant
I would appreciate any suggestion on how to solve this problem.
I cannot figure out if this is a problem with my rasters (4 images) or with the Polygons, although I strongly believe this last ones are the issue.
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I would like to use the program adehabitat HS but failed after downloading the program. Is there any example either in video or ppt of the codes?
Thank you for the time and help.
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Hello colleagues,
I want to use a map from google maps on the in-print thesis. Can you please let me know where can I see the attribution in google maps in order to indicate the source?
Thank you in advance.
Kind regards,
Shqipe
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Thank you, Ajit Singh. I highly appreciate your prompt response. It is very helpful.
Kind regards,
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I have successfully published three shapefiles as a layer group in GeoServer. However, in my web application, I am currently facing an issue where only one layer from the layer group is displaying, and I intend to display all the layers in the group.
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Here are some steps to troubleshoot and address the issue:
  1. Check Layer Visibility: Start by verifying that all the layers within the layer group are set to be visible. In GeoServer, each layer has its own visibility settings, and if any of the layers are set to be invisible, they won't be displayed in your web application.
  2. Layer Order: The order of layers within the layer group might affect their visibility in the web application. Ensure that the layers are ordered correctly within the group. Layers that are positioned lower in the list might be drawn on top of other layers, obscuring their visibility.
  3. Layer Group Properties: Check the properties of the layer group in GeoServer. Make sure that the bounding boxes and coordinate systems of all layers in the group are consistent. Mismatched bounding boxes or coordinate systems could result in some layers not displaying correctly.
  4. Layer Styling: Ensure that each layer in the group has a defined style. If a layer lacks a proper style, it might appear as if it's not displaying, even though it's there. Double-check that all layers have valid and appropriate styles assigned.
  5. Zoom Levels: Verify whether the layers are visible at the current zoom level in your web application. Some layers might be set to be visible only at certain zoom levels. Try zooming in and out to see if the visibility changes.
  6. Web Application Configuration: Examine the code or configuration of your web application. Ensure that you are correctly referencing and displaying all the layers within the layer group. It's possible that a coding error is preventing some layers from being displayed.
  7. Map Extent: Check if the extent of the map being displayed in your web application includes the geographic area covered by all the layers in the group. If the layers are located outside the current map extent, they won't be visible.
  8. Caching and Refresh: If you have caching enabled in either GeoServer or your web application, try clearing the cache and refreshing the map. Cached layers might not update immediately with new data.
  9. Log Files: Look into the logs of both GeoServer and your web application for any error messages or warnings related to layer display. These logs could provide insights into the root cause of the issue.
  10. Browser Console: Open the developer console in your web browser while accessing the web application. Look for any JavaScript errors or warnings that might be affecting the display of layers.
  11. GeoServer WMS Capabilities: Check the WMS capabilities document of your GeoServer to ensure that all layers and layer group information is being correctly exposed. This can help verify that the layers are correctly set up in GeoServer.
  12. Server Load and Performance: If your server is under heavy load or experiencing performance issues, it might impact the rendering and display of layers. Make sure your server has enough resources to handle the layer rendering.
By systematically going through these steps, you should be able to identify the cause of the issue and take appropriate actions to ensure that all layers within the layer group are displayed correctly in your web application.
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I am actually working on image processing topic which is going on by using artificial intelligence
I need to know how can I relate two events which are in different time sequences on a single map sing AI ??
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determining causality direction between two events is a challenging task that requires careful consideration, domain knowledge, and appropriate statistical and machine learning techniques. While artificial intelligence and machine learning can assist in causal inference, they are not a substitute for sound experimental design and understanding of the underlying context. A combination of correlation analysis, causal inference techniques, experimental design, and expert validation is often necessary to establish meaningful causality. Additionally, creating a causal map or directed graph can visually represent the causal relationships between the events. However, it is crucial to exercise caution when making causal claims and be aware of the limitations and assumptions of the methods used. Causality is a powerful concept that requires rigorous analysis and continuous refinement.
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I need to create a map in Rstudio that shows where my camera traps were placed. I have all the latitude and longitude coordinates on an excel spreadsheet and I have my map on Rstudio, retrieved with ggmap. Is there a way to overlay a ggplot on a ggmap in order to have my camera traps on the map? Or do I have to do it in another way?
I have already looked on Datacamp but I can't find anything specifically on ggmap.
Thanks!
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can you pl share the dataset you are looking at
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Could anyone kindly guide me or recommend a platform /database where I could find and download dust cartography maps? Any advice or direction in this matter would be greatly appreciated.
Thank you in advance for your time and assistance.
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There are several online platforms and databases where you can find and download dust cartography data. Here are a few that you might find useful:
  1. NASA's Giovanni: The GES-DISC Interactive Online Visualization ANd aNalysis Infrastructure (Giovanni) is a web-based application providing a simple and intuitive way to visualize, analyze, and access vast amounts of Earth science remote sensing data. You can select specific parameters related to aerosol and dust.
  2. NASA's Worldview: This tool from NASA's Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) provides the capability to interactively browse over 700 global, full-resolution satellite imagery layers. You can also download the underlying data. Some of the available layers are related to dust and aerosols.
  3. Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS): CAMS provides continuous data and information on atmospheric composition. The service includes the monitoring of dust, which you can access from their data portal.
  4. NOAA's HYSPLIT Model: The Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model (HYSPLIT) is a complete system for computing simple air parcel trajectories to complex dispersion and deposition simulations. This could be useful if you are interested in dust transport.
  5. AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork): This is a network of ground-based remote sensing aerosol stations spread worldwide. This program provides a long-term, continuous and readily accessible public domain database of aerosol optical, microphysical and radiative properties.
  6. Dust forecasts from Barcelona Supercomputing Center: The Barcelona Supercomputing Center offers dust forecasts for different regions of the world.
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MAP Tau, htau40, 2N4R, has the actual weight of 45 kDa but runs as 67 kDa on SDS-PAGE. What can explain this much weight difference?
Is it specifically about Tau's unique structure effecting charge, or possible post translational modifications?
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I haven't worked with tau, but I know it contains lots of lysine. As SDS PAGE is based on movement of proteins due to negative charge, it seems possible the large positive charge may reduce migration.
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I would like to insert a piece of DNA fragment ( about 270bp) into the map of the plasmid in Snapgene. Does anyone know how to do that? Thank you so much!
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Do you have a subscription or are you using the free version? The free version disables most of the features including inserting sequences, so the easiest way is if you use a full subscription or you get a free trial subscription. With the full version it shouldn't be difficult at all, Snapgene has pretty good help pages so check here https://support.snapgene.com/hc/en-us/articles/10383985198868-Insert-a-Fragment-into-a-Plasmid.
I don't have the paid version of Snapgene and already used my free trial so I can't check, but I might still be able to give you a basic answer.
If you click the "edit" tab at the top of your open vector file and then select the option "Insert" it gives an option "bases", you can then select where you want to add into the vector and input the sequence. You can also just copy and paste straight from one file into the vector at whatever point in the sequence that you want to add.
Now if you are stuck like me using the free version, there is a really annoying way to still work around this. The free version allows you to create new vector files and input whatever sequence you like, but once it is created you can't add onto it or otherwise edit it. So you copy the vector sequence up to the insert point from Snapgene and paste it into a word document or APE, then copy and paste in the insert sequence, and then copy and paste the rest of the vector sequence from Snapgene after the insert. Make any changes to the sequence while it's in the word or APE document and then copy the entire thing and open a new Snapgene file and paste your complete new vector/insert sequence. You will have to go back and enter all the features yourself since free Snapgene won't do it automatically, but if you're desperate for a Snapgene file of your plasmid this method will do it.
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Hi,
I cannot find the right answer online but can we use power map excel maps for publication purposes? Thanks
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The use of Power Map in Excel for publication purposes is not explicitly discussed. However, it is important to note that the use of Bing Maps, which is integrated with Power BI and Power Map, is subject to the terms and conditions of the Bing Maps Platform APIs. These terms and conditions specify acceptable commercial purposes for prints , which include use in an advertisement, brochure, flyer, or other printed material, as long as the print is not the primary product being sold.
If you intend to use Power Map Excel Maps for publication purposes, it is recommended that you carefully review the terms and conditions of any relevant APIs or tools, and ensure that your use of the maps is in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations. Additionally, it is important to provide proper attribution and acknowledgement to any sources or tools used in your publication
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It is assumed that after a decrease in atmospheric pressure in the north of Australia, air movements occur along the equator. As a result of the currents that have arisen, cold water appears at the equator. It is believed that this further leads to climate change in some regions.
Quote from our monograph. "It has been determined that La Niña (a decrease in water temperature in the equatorial zone of the Pacific Ocean) occurs in all oceans at the same time. Cold water zones increase and decrease in length every year. We emphasize that this process occurs in the equatorial zone, where there are no seasons, but changes in water temperature are formed over the course of the year. The width of the zone of water temperature decrease annually reaches its maximum in August. It moves from east to west. That is, in the absence of obvious reasons, a clear intra-annual variability of sea water temperature in the equatorial zone of the World Ocean was found." Anomalies of cold water at the equator in August are shown on the map.
Contrary to the ENSO scheme, cold water at the equator appears independently of atmospheric processes and ocean currents. Look at the upwelling map at the equator. Upwelling at the equator is generated by centrifugal forces. Centrifugal forces are maximum in August. Need comments?
Maps from the INTERNET
Let's now think about how centrifugal forces generate changes in regional climates without affecting the global climate.
Could this be a subject for discussion?
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Was given a link to this presentation, on deep degassing of the Earth
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How to define a quantum circuit of the quantum baker map scrambling? I read the articles based on quantum baker map scrambling : (1) Quantum image encryption based on baker map and 2D logistic map. (2) Quantum image scrambling algorithm based on discrete baker map. In these articles they mentioned the circuit but how did they get it? Anyone, please help me to tackle this issue?
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Designing a quantum circuit for the quantum baker map scrambling involves several steps. Firstly, you need to understand the mathematical description of the discrete baker map and its quantum analog. Then, you can define the necessary quantum gates and operations required to implement the map. This typically involves using qubit rotations, controlled operations, and ancillary qubits. The specific circuit design may vary depending on the details mentioned in the articles you referenced. To tackle this issue, it is recommended to carefully study the articles, analyze the circuit diagrams provided, and comprehend the transformations applied in each step. Additionally, consulting with experts in the field or reaching out to the authors of the articles for clarification can also be helpful in understanding and replicating the circuit design.
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We want to conduct brain stereotaxic injection research in dogs, and we need a dog Brain Atlas Stereotaxic Maps similar to mouse brain stereotaxic injection.Any appropriate resources or channels can be share
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This is not part of our studies.
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I am using a gateway cloning vector to overexpress a gene, but I want a control vector as well (without my insert). I want to cut out the ccdb gene so it wont self destruct but I dont have a vector to insert. compatible cut sites were not immediatley obvious looking at the map and looking at each restriction site is not very efficient. Is there an easy way to do this or another way to make a control vector?
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In addition to the typical pairs of compatible ends like Xho1-Sal1 or BamH1-Bgl2, all blunt end restriction are of course compatible, or any pair of sites can be rendered blunt and then ligated.
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Good morning,
I am unable to import an image for use with the Velocyti Map Tool (VMT) as a background. Indeed VMT shows me an error ''Checkimage invalideRGBSize''. This is a Sentinel 2 image that I process on QGIS before importing it. I've lowered the image resolution, but it still doesn't work.
Could you help me please?
Grace
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OH ! Big thanks, it worked. in fact VMT did not support the succession of bands in false color. it had to be done in natural color ie B4B3B2. I recommended your answer.
Grace
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For breast, ovarian and colon CPTAC analyzed TCGA samples. Where can I find a mapping between CPTAC IDs and TCGA barcodes?
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The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) are two publicly available datasets that provide valuable resources for cancer research.
To map between TCGA and CPTAC samples, you can follow these steps:
1. Download the sample metadata files for both datasets from their respective portals.
2. Identify common identifiers between the two datasets, such as patient IDs or sample IDs.
3. Cross-reference the common IDs and create a table that maps the TCGA samples to their corresponding CPTAC samples.
4. Verify the mapping by comparing relevant metadata fields for the matched samples. It is essential to confirm that the data fields match, such as sample type, sequencing platform, and cancer diagnosis, to ensure that the mapping is correct.
5. Once you have created the mapping table, use it to link TCGA and CPTAC data based on the mapped samples.
6. Perform integrative analyses using the combined TCGA-CPTAC data to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cancer.
Note that mapping between TCGA and CPTAC samples can be challenging due to variations in sample types or processing methods. However, following the above steps can help build an accurate mapping table between TCGA and CPTAC sample datasets.
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I want to know the softwares that you use to build a map, for example showing the distribution of a specific virus across the world or specific country.
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QGIS is a professional GIS application that is built on top of and proud to be itself Free and Open Source Software (FOSS).
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My Dearest Network, I create something which can be called "Map of terms" or something like that... I have found tool like https://online.visual-paradigm.com Could You explain me how it works precisely, because I am not orientated in it, Please? For instance, why cannot I search diagram items by their labels for? I think it should be possible to search but it does not work in this way
Thank You very much in advance!
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Yes, I know it nie.now. I have found it already. I think it is awesome tool.
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What methods have you found effective for helping students improve critical thinking skills? David Charles Wright-Carr at ResearchGate.
In my experience, some undergraduate students tend to be naive and accept information without much critical analysis. I have been experimenting with methods for teaching the basic skills of critical thinking, and I would like to read about other educators' experiences in this area.
My Reply:
By analyzing all the answers to the questions, we found the following:
(1) All the existing and proposed critical thinking methods are problematic
(2) The majority of suggested critical thinking proposals are personal views
(3) The majority of the answers start from the problematic solution space -- The number is Huge
(4) Some of the answers start with "Clarify the Concept" -- We think no one knows anything about the "Concept." because we discovered more than 50 innovative keys and more than 100 facets per concept, and no one knows them
(5) All the proposed answers apply only to instance-oriented scenarios and do not apply to other scenarios
(6) Some answers start with identifying the "Problem" or the "Question." (The Problem Space). The problem space is essential for critical thinking. -- Unfortunately, no one knows anything about "The Problem Space') because we are Solution-Oriented Creatures.
I will start posting many questions and answers on
I. Critical Look @ Existing Critical Thinking
II. Propose Critical Thinking Methods and Techniques for Unified Critical Thinking (UCT) and how to apply them in any "Problem Space" range in any knowledge domain.
III. Looking for partners with any legal parties to collaborate and work with us on this essential work for all of us based on innovative discoveries that are.
(1) Concurrent Software Development Model or Software Stability Model (SSM)
(2) Unified Concept Engineering (UCE)
(3) Unified Doman Knowledge Engineering (UDKE)
(4) Unified & Stable Linguistics Engineering (ULE)
(5) Knowledge Map for Unified Domain Analysis (KM-UDA)
(6) Unified Critical Thinking Engineering (UCTE)
(7) Unification of the Art of Abstraction (UAA)
Please email MSG on
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Dear Prof. Fayad!
You raised a very important topic to discuss. I am not an expert in the field so I approach this issue as a work-in-progress topic. I found some academic articles that bring in some novel insight:
1) Mei Lin, Lana Y J Liu, Thinh Ngoc Pham, Towards developing a critical learning skills framework for master's students: Evidence from a UK university, Thinking Skills and Creativity, Volume 48, 2023, Open access:
2) Sinnewe, E., Yao, D. & De Zwaan, L. (2023) Developing critical thinking: An examination of contemporary practices in accounting. Accounting & Finance, 63, 403– 425. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.13054, Open access:
3) Monteleone, C., Miller, J. & Warren, E. Conceptualising critical mathematical thinking in young students. Math Ed Res J (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13394-023-00445-1, Open access:
4) A case study: Boso, C. M., van der Merwe, A. S., & Gross, J. (2023). Curriculum framework to facilitate critical thinking skills of undergraduate nursing students: A cooperative inquiry approach. Nursing Open, 00, 1– 10. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.1748, Open access:
5) A case study: Heim, A. B., Esparza, D., Holmes, N. G., & Smith, M. K. (2023). Comparing study features is easy but identifying next steps is hard: Evaluating critical thinking through the Biology Lab Inventory of Critical Thinking in Ecology. Ecology and Evolution, 13, e10071. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10071, Open access:
Yours sincerely, Bulcsu Szekely
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How do you plot geochemical maps for ore exploration? Which software do you use?
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Dear Enes,
I think the most useful and common one is ArcGIS. It is worth to try.
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Can anyone please tell me where shall I search for administrative maps of city in India? Atleast administrative level map of 2011 shall be there.
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Adrij Kanti Roy, I think you can download from iGISMAP.com. From the atatched link, you can download administrative maps of city in India in kml,shp,csv and geojson file.
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Hi, I am working on Geomorphological maps made by deep learning methods, especially U-NET architecture. The issue is that there is a diffusion problem in the aggregated landforms. For example, in the observed map, we have all landforms in the right geographical position but after using deep learning methods, especially CNN U-NET architecture the predicted map is diffused some of the landforms are observed very large and some disappear from the predicted map.
As I used DEM and a relief map for it.
So How to encounter this issue?
Q.1 Should I use U-NET architecture with multi channels as in my case the U-NET used just only 1 channel?
Q.2. Should I increase the training samples?
Q.3. Should I use a Remote sensing Image with DEM?
What should be done about this issue?
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Just a random thought to myself, about how huge and varied the Earth is, and the structures from mud puddle ripples to mountain ranges, and the many ways we record this by making graphics, from cracks in a crystal to plate boundaries. For me, at least, I need some sort of bounds, and notion of the resolution involved to even get started, I have DEMs from point clouds at centimeter intervals and others at tens of meters, different by five orders of magnitude.
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Dear All,
I have three columns in stata, the db column, dgdpmillionpkr and the districts. The dgdpmillionpkr has 110 observation. The db has two id values, db = 1 for the first 110 observations of dgdpmillionpkr and db=2 for the replicated 110 observations appended below the first 110 observation. I want to declare first 110 of districts as string and for the remaining 110 dgdpmillionpkr value of the respective districts, How I can code/do this in stata? Actually I want to show labels(districts name) and its values in order to visualize my dgdpmillionpkr data in map. I am stucked here, any help will be greatly appreciated. Thanks
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To declare the first 110 districts as string and the remaining 110 districts as dgdpmillionpkr values of the respective districts, you can use the following Stata code:
/* Declare first 110 districts as string */
forvalues i = 1/110 {
tostring districts[`i'], replace
}
/* Set value labels for districts */
label define districts_labels 1 "District1" 2 "District2" /* and so on for all districts */
label values districts districts_labels
/* Set value labels for dgdpmillionpkr */
label variable dgdpmillionpkr "GDP (in millions of PKR)"
This code will first convert the first 110 districts to string variables using the tostring command. Then, it will set value labels for the districts using the label define and label values commands. Finally, it will set a label for the dgdpmillionpkr variable using the label variable command.
Note that you will need to replace "District1", "District2", etc. with the actual names of your districts.
I hope that will help . please recommend my reply if you find it useful.Thanks
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How can I plot ring current density maps using a software in windows machine? It will be of great help if someone can let me know about the steps to this effect, for example in AIMALL software.
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Hi ,
I'd be happy to help you plot ring current density maps using the AIMALL software on a Windows machine. Here are the steps you can follow:
Launch the AIMALL software on your Windows machine.
Import the molecule you want to plot the ring current density map for.
Open the AIMAnalysis module from the Modules menu.
Select the Ring Current option from the Analysis Type drop-down menu.
Select the molecule you want to analyze from the Select Molecule drop-down menu.
Set the number of points to use for each ring in the Number of Points field.
Set the radius of the cylinder to use for each ring in the Cylinder Radius field.
Choose the appropriate density functional theory method to use from the DFT Method drop-down menu.
Select the appropriate basis set to use from the Basis Set drop-down menu.
Click the Run button to generate the ring current density map.
Once the ring current density map is generated, you can manipulate it as needed using the AIMView module, which is also available in the Modules menu.
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.
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Researching ancestral pathways/channels of the Yellowstone River in Montana. If anyone can provide input and or resources, that would be appreciated. The purpose is to understand the development of the Yellowstone River in order to map its ancient river channels.
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If the bedrock is shallow, you might look for buried bedrock valleys. This is usually done by mapping the bedrock surface by drilling until refusal, or using geophysics (i.e., seismic, ground penetrating radar, electrical resistivity) to identify erosion of the bedrock surface.
See Steelman, C.M., Arnaud, E., Pehme, P. and Parker, B.L., 2018. Geophysical, geological, and hydrogeological characterization of a tributary buried bedrock valley in southern Ontario. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 55(7), pp.641-658.
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Can someone guide me, on how to make maps in bibliometric analysis?
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Of course , I can help you create a CSV file for bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer.
Here are the steps:
Open a new Excel spreadsheet.
In the first row, create the following columns: Author(s), Title, Year, Source, Volume, Issue, Pages, Abstract, Keywords.
For each paper you want to include in the analysis, enter the relevant information in the corresponding column. Be sure to separate multiple authors and keywords with a semicolon (;).
Save the file as a CSV (Comma Separated Values) file. To do this, select "Save As" and choose "CSV (Comma delimited)" from the list of file formats.
Once you have created the CSV file, you can import it into VOSviewer to perform bibliometric analysis.
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Aahed
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How can iI visualize the landscape pattern results of Fragstat, instead of summarizing them in a table? Thank you
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you can visualize the landscape pattern results in map or layer form using the landscapemetrics R package as a drop-in replacement for FRAGSTATS
The package offers a reproducible workflow for landscape analysis in a single environment and provides a variety of tools to visualize the results of landscape metrics in R.
To visualize landscape patterns, you can use the plot() function in landscapemetrics package. This function provides several plot types including RasterLayer and SpatialPolygonsDataFrame formats to display the spatial distribution of landscape metrics in maps. You can also use other visualization packages in R such as ggplot2 and spatial to create more customized maps.
Additionally, the landscapemetrics package also provides functions for exporting the results to a Geotiff or ESRI shapefile, which can be opened and visualized in GIS software such as ArcGIS or QGIS.
Overall, landscapemetrics package provides a variety of tools for visualizing and analyzing landscape patterns, allowing you to explore the spatial distribution of landscape metrics in maps or layers.
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Aahed
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I’m interested in how Community Maps and Directories are shared and meet confidentiality, copyright and intellectual property obligations.
Going for written consent results in only 10-20% of the community appearing on the map (unless you do exceptional coproduction), while the really useful stuff is unpublishable! Navigating data ownership vs coproduction and meeting database copyright regulations appears to be a challenge with all kinds of power implications.
I’d be grateful if you could suggest some thoughts, point me to something to read or suggest who I might talk to.
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Thanks for asking - I am grateful for your help. This is a personal exploration rather than a study affiliated to the University. I am writing this in the United Kingdom.
In my city, we have an Online Service Directory with 2091 entries, including many providers who are based outside the city and want to market their offer here. I am interested in churches. 44 appear on this Directory.
May I reproduce all the data about the 44 from this Directory in a new listing? If I use the Directory's format to publish my information but only present basic contact details, have I stolen their intellectual property associated with selecting fields and creating a Directory?
Another 198 churches are active in the city but do not appear on this Directory. May I adopt the Directory format and add the 198 to my listing?
I found some of the 198 on multiple national lists. Some of these national listings declare that their information may only be used to match individuals with churches. If the same information appears on several of these lists, does that count as being in the public domain, so may I add it to mine?
Some churches have given me a personal email as their point of contact. Can I just it to my list? If I ask permission and they don't reply, must I remove it from my list?
Do the rules change if the data is drawn from nonprofit or government funded listings, or if I try to sell my list rather than placing the information online as a free resource?
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(PDF) Correlation of COVID-19 US Map and US Geoelectric field Map. First impression, Facts, and Hypotheses (researchgate.net)
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Your link is broken, here is what I assume is the correct URL:
First, you would have to establish that change in magnetic field measured in nanoteslas would cause any biological effect ( remember the 'cell phones causing cancer fad a while back"? The US Navy did a study of life time cancer prevalence of military specialties like electrical technicians, power network maintainers, who had exposures several orders of magnitude more than the ordinary population, and they were actually healthier ). The most intense magnetic field an ordinary person encounters is from an MRI: "Perhaps the safest component of the MRI exam is the static magnetic field. By examination of the current literature, and within the limits of our knowledge, the only health hazards significantly associated with the exposure to static magnetic fields are related to the presence of ferromagnetic materials or cardiac pacemakers in patients."
Nanoteslas, an MRI is between 1.5T and up to 7.0T ( GE ). I get a 1000x change in exposure simply by stepping closer to a microwave.
The second is the 'appearance' of the COVID mapping. The appearance is based on the areas of the counties that make up the map. See "Empirical Studies on the Visual Perception of Spatial Patterns in Choropleth Maps", Journal of Cartography and Geographic Information ( https://bit.ly/3LBT5eh ). Basically “dark-is-more bias” (i.e., the intuitive ranking of color lightness), the “area-size bias” (i.e., the neglect of small areas, since these are less dominant in perception than larger ones). The map shows 'areas', so units should be 'whatever' per area. If one wants to use 'rate' as the input variable, it should be converted using the population density for the given area. For a Untied States map, it's 'made worse' because the areas have a lot of variation at the state and county levels:
- Los Angeles County alone has 10 million people, (roughly) more than ten US states combined ( Wyoming, Vermont, Alaska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Delaware, Rhode Island, Montana, Maine, New Hampshire ), - - Kalawao County is 12 sq miles and San Bernardino County 20,105 sq mi. So when some one is interpreting a map and making comparisons, and areas are the basis, it is things ( events, pop counts, bushels, etc. ) per area so comparisons can be made.
The US Census has gridded population count maps of the US to avoid this issue.
The third is the totally incommensurable units in time, resolution, sampling, space and interval, etc. Did you read the documentation of the accumulation of Covid statistics? Especially latency from actual infection, patient admitted, a diagnosis made, cases for the health facility, then reporting up through the various levels until a final statistics? At one point the delay ranged from 1 week to 8 weeks or more, depending on the jurisdiction, now it is about 1 to 2 weeks. Most of the cases are in a very small area of the Covid map ( https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2017/10/big-and-small-counties.html ) ... and one-fifth of COVID-19 infections are asymptomatic throughout the course of infection (NIH), and not everybody that had symptoms became an official statistic.
I could similarly address the NOAA map - did you notice where the measuring stations were located and the interpolation method used to generate the heatmap? There is considerable literature around 'Cognitive Cartography', and how well people can compare similarities and differences and how to experiment with that ( https://m.xkcd.com/2256/ ) - in general, people are terrible at it.
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Lyapunov exponent of coupled map lattice having one dimensional local map is known. But what is the theory behind the Lyapunov exponent of cml having 2D local map?
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I think that the key technique is finding Jacobian Matirx of the two dimensional CML .
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Hello,
I have a technical question, I want to create a groundwater table map for a mountainous area characterized by a discontinuous aquifer. the main issue I'm facing is the lack of borewell data (I have a few numbers of wells data with information on depth to groundwater table). However, this region is characterized by numerous springs which I know the coordinates.
Is it possible to merge the spring data with the wells to create a groundwater table map of this region?
Thank you for your consideration
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If you have the aquifer data and the water table data, then you need to find only the elevation data with respect to MSL, to construct water table map. As the springs are the meeting point of water table with the ground surface, you can certainly use the origin point of spring as the water table elevation.
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I want to work on TRIGRS physical model to find the FOS maps of landslides. According to some sources there is Python code for this model. I tried to download the same Pytrigrs package from python 3.6, 3.8, 3.10, but it is saying it does not support these versions. Where can I find the python code for same??
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Tanvi Chauhan The TRIGRS (Transient Rainfall Infiltration and Grid-Based Regional Slope-Stability) model is a popular tool for estimating landslide risk. While multiple versions of the model are available in several programming languages, the most often used version is the Fortran code published by the USGS.
PyTRIGRS is a Python package that gives a Python interface to the TRIGRS Fortran code. However, it appears that the most recent PyTRIGRS version is incompatible with Python 3.6, 3.8, or 3.10. One possibility is to utilize a Python environment with a suitable Python version, such as Python 2.7 or 3.7.
Alternatively, you may see whether there are any other Python packages that give capabilities comparable to the TRIGRS model. Landslide Toolbox, Landslide Prediction Toolbox, and Lhasa are a few examples of such tools.
whether you still wish to use PyTRIGRS, you should contact the package's creators to see whether they plan to upgrade it to be compatible with later versions of Python.