Oil - Science topic

I have to prepare a formulation by dissolving sulfur in a vegetable fix oil. The sulfur is suspended in the oil and is not fully dissolved. How can I dissolve it?

I really appreciate any suggestion you can provide.

The processing of fish into meal and oil is quite straightforward: fish is an input and fishmeal and oil comprise output. Thus, there is the input of protein and lipids by fish. And there is also output of protein (by fishmeal) and lipids (fish oil and fishmeal). If the processing were a perfect and closed system, there would no technological losses and the output of protein by fishmeal and the output of lipids by fish oil and fishmeal would be equal to input of protein and lipids by fish.

In real life, the processing is not a completely perfect system and some losses (e.g. evaporation, rinsing) likely occur. How large or small are approximately these losses of protein and lipids if the output is compared with the input? Perhaps, someone has made calculations of “protein balance” and “lipids balance”.

My guess is that these losses should be fairly low as the modern processing of fish is efficient. However, I am not an expert in this field. I would appreciate estimates and opinion of more knowing people.

Best regards,

Alberts Auzins

Is it possible to determine the percentage of its oil yield through ml? Specifically, it is at 6.5 ml of algal oil extracted.

..

PVD system, when opening the oil diffusion pump, the measured value of the ion sensor fluctuates greatly at 9.0-1pa and 7.0-1pa, the system does not leak. cooling water 30 degrees. I was very tired. Maybe the coolant is bad, or the holding pump is causing it. it's hard to understand.

I utilized a GoPro camera to record my surface oil flow visualization experiment. However, when attempting to analyze the flow field using Optical flow (No matter Horn-Schunck, Lucas–Kanade or Gunnar-Farneback), I found that the algorithm's recognition efficiency was poor, despite clear changes observable even to the naked eye between adjacent frames.

I am currently conducting research for my PhD on environmental regulations, specifically focusing on the disposal of produced water from oil and gas activities in Australia. I would appreciate any relevant insights, materials, or directions that could aid my research, as well as advice on where to source this information.

Thanks Ana

I have already carried out the lipid staining test in C. elegans with oil red, however, in the last tests I am unable to stain all the animals efficiently, most of them do not stain or only have part of the lipid droplets stained.

I don't know where I'm going wrong in the protocol, maybe when preparing the 0.3% oil red solution in 60% isopropanol.

I'd like to know what you think about converting decommissioned platforms into artificial reefs. Is this one of the most viable options, both in economic and environmental terms? What are the successful experiences that confirm the effectiveness of this proposal in oil platform decommissioning plans? Is there any material you can provide me with on this subject?

In a personal letter, the student wrote me a question.

I am particularly interested in exploring the application of UV-Vis spectroscopy as a method for assessing drug solubility in oils which serves as a crucial initial step in the selection of suitable oils for nanoemulsion formulation. However, I have encountered challenges regarding the immiscibility of oils with methanol that is used as a solvant, as commonly mentioned in literature. I am hopeful that you could provide guidance or insights into the procedure involved in utilizing UV-Vis spectroscopy for this purpose.

My answer:

1. What kind of emulsion? oil/methanol or oil/methanol,water?

2. The drug is distributed between two phases and must be absorbed in the UV-Vis region. Oil should also absorb in the UV area.

3.Oil/methanol heterogeneous system. It remains so after the formation of a nanoemulsion.

Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 07

1.     To what extent, a reservoir engineer will be able to evaluate (a) fluid properties; (b) fractional flow characteristics of rock; (c) formation pressure; and (d) directional permeabilities - in a carbonate reservoir?

Feasible to identify the physical processes responsible for the deviation between ‘a flood simulator history match’ with that of ‘the actual field production history’?

Feasible to deduce the details of fractional fluid production of each zone, in each well? Feasible to identify, whether, the fluid contacts keep moving in the reservoir? Which of the various zones, exactly, produce water, oil and gas? Feasible to ensure, whether, the pay keeps moving because of water or gas encroachment? Where exactly (which zone), the external fluids are getting injected into the reservoir? Feasible to have a control over the rates at which, various zones in a well, need to be produced? Feasible to make a comparison between the production rates of each zone with that of their respective zone’s potential? Feasible to deduce, whether, are there, any portion of the oil field that requires additional well?

2.     To what extent, a production engineer will be able to assess (a) pay zone distribution in the vertical direction; (b) the requirement of stimulation; (c) reservoir compatible fluids; (d) the nature of injection profile; (e) the evolution pattern of volumetric production results; (f) required tuning methodologies for history matching; and (g) finding efficient ways to bridge the gaps between pore-scale, core-scale and pilot-scale studies with that of the real field scenario – in a carbonate reservoir?

To what extent, the presence of unperforated or incomplete productive zones would hinder the oil recovery factors in a carbonate reservoir?

Feasible to delineate the thief zones with ease – that remains to be closed off? Feasible to ensure whether the completion intervals have zonal isolation integrity?

Feasible to deduce precisely, whether, how long, will, each wellbore, would remain to be usable efficiently?

3.     To what extent, drilling engineer will be able to assess

(a) the pressures encountered @ various locations spatially and temporally within the pay zone thickness;

(b) the evolution of fracture gradients;

(c) the nature of rock integrity during drilling; and

(d) the requirement of compatible drilling muds – in a carbonate reservoir?

4.     To what extent, facilities engineer will be able to assess

(a) whether, the production is going to be oil, gas and/or water;

(b) the evolution of production rates; and

(c) the nature of produced fluid properties – in a carbonate reservoir?

Suresh Kumar Govindarajan

please provide any methodology

I need an oil that is inert to Gallium

I did 2 trials with Honey, Black seed Oil and Clove Bud Oil as my samples (please check the pdf for details). No inhibition zones were observed. Why and how to make it work ?

Hello,

I am trying to find the H/C effective ratio from waste cooking oil and LDPE feedstock. i conducted already the elemental analysis and got the element percentage. I found the formula:

H/Ceff= (H-2*O-3*N-2*S)/C

however this are moles, may i know if someone have experience with this or know how to find this ratio?

Thanks in advance

short answer.

What is the most suitable vehicle that could be used to dilute bergamot oil?

I have developed a modeled in oil

in water system( micro encapsulation) for few particle sizes via calculating number densities of these particles and the % error between exp and sim values are less than 10 percent at 1000 rpm, 12000rpm and 15000 rpm. I want to see that are these error within the acceptable range how can I do that? Also I want some research articles that represents the acceptable range of this type of errors.

please help

My colleagues and I plan to take a part in some conference with materials on coal organic and inorganic geochemistry next year. If you plan or know such event, let me know. Thank you!

Short answer.

I want to know more about gas and oil reservoirs in Iran.

short answer.

ن البترول والطاقه الاحفوريه دائما هي التي تحدد متى يكون هناك الانتقال الطاقوي هل يوجد مؤشر يمكن ان نعمل به في المستقبل القريب لننتقل الى الطاقات البديله المتجدده وتحسب قيمتها بالكيلو وات مقابل الدولار ام لا زالت الحسابات تحت تاثير السوق العالميه او غيرها

I have an EPDM rubber that has swelled in oil. What solvents can bring back the rubber to the original shape?

Hello,

In recent years, Dawn dish soap has advertised their product by showing that it can be used to save ducklings that have been impacted by oil spills. However, detergents like Dawn work by destroying the cell membrane of organisms. The killing nature of detergents is broad and affects all membrane-enclosed organisms including eukaryotes, archaea, bacteria and enveloped viruses. Therefore, the large-scale production and disseminated use of detergents may impact microbial communities.

So, my question is: what is the true environmental cost of large-scale detergent production and use? How do waste water treatment plants deal with large amounts of detergent in the water? Is there any effort by waste water treatment plants to neutralize detergents before the water is added back to the environment? What are some ways that detergent producers have mitigated negative environmental effects and what legal standards are they held to in the US?

Thanks!

I am listening to music yet thinking of my work while frying something in oil. There were 39 pieces which I could successfully fry in approximately 35 minutes. The pieces were not all of same shape though I tried to make them circular. They were pooris made out of dough of flour used in India. Now in the oil the flat pooris were found to bulge out as spheres which were almost circular.

Drill Pipe Failure Analysis

1. Following the (fast approaching) energy crisis, what is the rate of increase in the number of deep wells (say, a well drilled, at least below 15,000 ft for the purpose of exploring for and producing of oil and/or gas); and what is the respective yearly average depth of these wells (before and after Paris Agreement, 12Dec2015) in the context of statistical trends in the drilling of oil and gas wells?

2. Do we still have a relatively good shallow prospects to be drilled?

3. As on date, what would be the percentage of the total budget used in planning for the drilling of a deep well to that for the building of a plant?

4. What is the common budget for the ultra-deep wells, as on date?

5. How exactly is a good workable drilling plan developed?

6. Is there an easy way to figure out, the way the drill pipe gets attacked by corrosion and erosion resulting from the complex alternating loads acting on the drill pipe, including tension, compression, torsion, bending and vibration (in the context of investigating the failure of drill pipe, associated with oil and gas fields)?

7. Can failure of a drill pipe occur at any instances, apart from, @ joint threads; internal surface defects; corrosion pits; and thickened transition areas?

8. Are the failures of drill pipe, remain only associated with, perforation, cracking and fracture?

9. Whether, the predominant failures of drill pipes, remain associated with fatigue or fatigue-induced mechanical defects?

10. Can we expect plastic deformation in the absence of over-load, associated with the ductile fracture of drill pipe?

11. If the location and time of drill pipe failures remain random and if such drill pipe failures have multiple causes and origins, then, how precisely, will be able to assess the failure patterns involving stress concentration, strength reduction, crack initiation, crack propagation through wall thickness, drill pipe perforation and fracture?

Particularly, how about the assessment of ‘crack initiation mechanism’ (friction heat, mechanical damage & corrosion pits) and crack expansion mechanisms (fatigue cracking, corrosion cracking & sulfide stress corrosion)?

12. Is there any other sensitive/critical factor towards failure analysis of drill pipe, apart from material performance, failure characteristics, corrosion characteristics and stress analysis?

The operator of FTIR spectrometer says because of water and OH peak, you won't have a good result.

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which chemicals are used in biological stable water-based emulsified cutting fluid as base oil, alkaline component, lubricant, anticorrosive agent, surfactant, coupling agent, water quality stabilizer, bactericide and defoaming agent?

I aim to measure the concentration of hydrocarbon based organic compound from a certain quantity of soil sample. I would really appreciate it if anyone can give me some experimental guidelines.

Chemical EOR

1. High capillary forces being the primary reason behind oil trapping, to what extent, reduction of these capillary forces by EOR techniques would remain to be fruitful using Darcian approach (whose original version does not accommodate capillary-forces)?

2. If capillary pressure gets not only influenced by oil-water IFT, but also, by reservoir wettability, then, to what extent, will we be able to characterize - the squeezing of an oil droplet @ pore-throat-scale - using macroscopic Darcian approach?

At Darcy-scale, where is the scope - for characterizing “adsorption bringing down the total energy of the system”?

Can the associated variations in rheological properties would remain to be meaningful in a given REV?

Also, how do we accommodate - the adhesion of nanoparticles @ reservoir rock surfaces – that remain suitable for wettability alteration (from oil-wet to water-wet) – using Darcian approach?

3. How about the accompanying instability of surfactants – resulting from enhanced specific surface area - between ‘laboratory-scale observation’ and ‘field-scale implementation’?

To what extent, it would mitigate the wettability alteration @ field-scale?

Whether the injection of surfactant solution into a reservoir – leading to unendurable loss – has made surfactant-flooding an unfavorable candidate for chemical-EOR?

4. How do we have a control over various sizes of ‘differing’ nanoparticles (with differing surface-activity and adsorption-energy) @ field-scale?

If so, how about quantifying the fraction of “wettability-alteration” (reduction in contact angle) and “reduction in IFT” – for a given type of nanoparticle – with a given size?

Whether the conceptualization of interaction (a) between nanoparticles; (a) between nanoparticles and brine; and (c) between nanoparticle and reservoir rock surface – would remain to be fundamentally different (with reference to the properties that include high chemical stability, strong adsorption ability, high catalytic efficiency and low growth temperature) - @ laboratory-scale and @ field-scale?

Feasible to visualize, the way, the nanoparticles facilitate the mobility of oil to contact surfaces - in the reservoir region?

Whether, the way, the nanoparticles, give rise to structural disjoining pressure (a force perpendicular to the interface) in the wedge film – would remain to be the same, both @ laboratory-scale and @ field-scale?

If so, can we expect “the same” effective nanoparticle volume fraction, particle-size, polydispersity and particle-charge, both @ laboratory-scale and @ field-scale?

Albeit, the physical properties of nanoparticles and their catalytic capacity remain unchanged, won’t the effect of a particular synthesis method - used @ laboratory-scale (with its respective spherical morphology) – have an impact @ field-scale?

Whether the critical concentration of nanoparticles - for IFT reduction – would remain to be the same, both @ laboratory-scale and @ field-scale?

5. Towards characterizing the stability constraints of nanoparticles, whether the same factors (concentration, salinity, irreversible adsorption to the reservoir rock surfaces) with the same fraction – would dictate the resulting stability?

I know for reservoir continuity measurements we need to look at carefully oil's chromatogram, and this statement mentioned by "Kaufman et al, 1990". But only problem is peak selection, and I don't know which peaks should be selected? and how is selection mechanism for chromatograms correlation? moreover I don't know how can I calculate "peak height ratio" of each oil sample.

What happens to the quality of oil when biomass is pyrolysed with waste plastic in proportions.

CO2 Sequestration

Why are we concerned about

the consequences of CO2 sequestration

(in particular, CO2 escape/leakage or mineral dissolution

over 1000s of years),

when Sun itself - may approximately last - only for - another 2000 years

(having a luminosity of 3x10^26 Joules/Sec;

or

delivering solar energy equivalent to that of 3x(10^19) Kg of burning oil per second;

and

having a mass of 2x(10^30) Kg)?

Our lyophilizer failed and we sucked all of the thawed collected water into our vacuum pump. Anyone have tricks to remove the water? We have been flushing it with new vacuum pump oil but that seems to be only getting us so far.

I want to know more about oil and gas deposits.

That civilization's greenhouse gas emissions generate a progressive process of global warming has been known from independent and reliable scientific research for many decades. The first research results on the subject, confirming the above thesis, were already conducted more than 100 years ago, but at that time the scale of greenhouse gas emissions was many times lower compared to emissions of recent years. At that time, the topic was ignored. At that time, the process of global warming was proceeding much more slowly than it is now, and was practically not yet noticed in many regions of the world. But as early as the 1960s and 1970s, oil companies and energy companies producing energy from the combustion of fossil fuels founded and funded various non-governmental organizations whose main goal was to falsify the results of scientific research in order to question the role of civilization's greenhouse gas emissions, CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions from the fossil fuel combustion energy sector as a key factor in the greenhouse effect, the accumulation of CO2 in the planet's atmosphere and generating the process of global warming, which is progressing ever faster. On the other hand, today the level of awareness of citizens on the above topic is already much higher than it was just a few decades ago. As a result, companies and enterprises operating in various industries and sectors, in order not to lose customers, customers of their product and service offerings, customers who are increasingly environmentally and climate-conscious, are increasingly joining the process of green transformation of the economy, including scaling up the implementation of sustainable development goals in their business activities. This issue is finally beginning to affect oil companies and energy companies that produce energy from burning fossil fuels. In this regard, perhaps at the next UN Climate Summit COP28, to be held in Dubai, some oil companies and energy companies of companies that produce energy from burning fossil fuels will reportedly declare that they will realistically join in the implementation of the process of green energy transformation, the green transformation of the economy.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best wishes,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

I want to know more about gas and oil formation .

1. SAND: Futures = Glass == Solar === FREE ==== Energy

@Energy #Free ^Solar *Glass %Future (SAND)

2. WATER: Immigration = Industry == Securities === Salvation ==== Spirit

@Spirit #Salvation ^Securities *Industry %Immigration (WATER)

3. AIR: Poverty = Elements === Remediate === Undertaking ==== Cleanup

@Cleanup #Undertaking ^Remediation *Elements %Poverty (AIR)

4. OIL: School = Evolution == Bridge == =Renewables ==== Medicine

@Medicine #Renewables ^Bridge *Evolution %School (OIL)

5. ECOLOGY: Environment = Sound == Figures === Reform ==== Biology

@Biology #Reform ^Figures *Sound %Environment (ECOLOGY)

6. CONTINGENCIES: People = Profit == Best === Location ==== Business

@Business #Location ^Best *Profit %People (CONTINGENCIES)

7. ADVERTISING: Real = Timing == Help === Use ==== Community

@Community #Use ^Help *Timing %Real (ADVERTISING)

8. MEASUREMENTS: Elder = Stateperson == Communicate === Transparently ==== Of

@Of #Tranparently ^Communicate *Statesperson %Elder (MEASUREMENTS)

9. MARKETS: Global = Local == Immerse === Sociocratic ==== Manners

@Manners #Sococratic ^Immerse *Local %Global (MARKETS)

10. SALES: Regional = Connect == Tapestry === Hetarchial ==== Threads

@Threads #Hetarchial ^Tapestry *Connect %Regional (SALES)

Hello everyone

Sorry for disturbing you

Please ,I need some clues to explain my empirical analysis

Indeed , i am working on the impact of oil market dedollarisation on the relationship between international oil prices and the Chinese and Russian exchange rate ( bilateral with regard to usd)

the sample is divided into two, prior and after 2014

the analysis shows that , the oil price causes Russia and Chinese Exchange rate prior to 2014, but not vice versa

after 2014, there is a bidirectional relationship between the two variables in these countries, the causality from oil price has also weakened

I need some insight to explain why the Chinese and Russia currency are affecting the oil price

why should the rmb or the ruble affect oil international price ?

is that causality dued to rmb/ Ruble volatily or USD fluctuations?

Can you please provide me with some idea or material to give sense to these findings?

Thank you

Dear all, I am working on a bacteria with good demulsification properties on Water-based plastic emulsions. I have found many papers on the demulsification of oil in water emulsions, where the oil and water have a clear and measurable separation layer. They used an equation.

In the demulsification of polymers, the polymer settles in the bottom like coagulation/flocculation. So, how can we measure demulsification in that scenario? Can I use the equation of flocculation instead? thank you

Greetings to the world geophysical community

During my master's degree, I worked in the field of earthquake engineering and risk analysis, and recently I have been thinking about the future of this issue and its importance for the world, whether it is important at all or not.

I am consulting with Iranian professors so that I can work in the field of oil and exploration. But unfortunately, in Iran, we lack data and facilities in the field of oil and exploration.

I am currently studying in the field of (time reverse modeling) and if you are interested in doing this in the future, please let me know. and share your idea for me.

Thanks

I want to know more about formation gas and oil.

I am trying to extract lipids using water as solvent. After extraction followed by centrifugation, I did not obtain any oil layer. Instead the supernatant was milky white, which I think might be an emulsion (correct me if I am wrong). Could anybody tell me how do I obtain the oil layer from the milky white supernatant?

#aqueousextraction #lipids #proteinhydrolysate #emulsion

What analyzes can we do to characterize and know the different composition of a seed oil?

which devices can be used?

Thank you

I want to know more about oil deposits.

This question aims to seek how the oil and gas sector relates with the circular economy.

The question aims to find out how the oil and gas industry can help accelerate the shift to a more circular economy in Nigeria.

JAS Google AI BARD LLM:

JAS

Yes, a poor person should have an equal right to sue in court as a wealthy person, both in America and elsewhere.

BARD

The right to access the courts is fundamental to the rule of law and to a just society. It allows individuals to seek redress for grievances and to protect their rights. Without access to the courts, the poor would be at a significant disadvantage in asserting their rights against the wealthy or powerful.

There are a number of ways to achieve equal access to the courts for poor people. One is to provide free or low-cost legal aid to those who cannot afford to hire a lawyer. Another is to reduce or eliminate court filing fees. Additionally, governments can provide funding for public defender agencies that represent indigent criminal defendants.

In the United States, the Supreme Court has held that the Sixth Amendment right to counsel applies to indigent criminal defendants. However, the Court has not extended this right to civil cases. As a result, many poor people are unable to afford to hire a lawyer to represent them in civil cases, even when they have a valid claim.

There is a growing movement in the United States to expand access to civil legal aid for the poor. One way to achieve this is through the creation of civil Gideon funds, which would provide public defenders for indigent civil litigants. Another way to expand access to civil legal aid is to increase funding for legal services programs.

In addition to providing legal aid, governments can also make it easier for poor people to access the courts by reducing or eliminating court filing fees. Court filing fees can be a significant barrier to access to the courts for poor people, especially for those who are suing for relatively small amounts of money.

Governments can also provide funding for public defender agencies that represent indigent criminal defendants. Public defender agencies are often underfunded and overworked, which can make it difficult for them to provide effective representation to their clients. By increasing funding for public defender agencies, governments can help to ensure that indigent criminal defendants receive a fair trial.

In conclusion, a poor person should have an equal right to sue in court as a wealthy person. This can be achieved by providing legal aid to the poor, reducing or eliminating court filing fees, and providing funding for public defender agencies.

JAS

what is the real fact concerning whether poor people can as easily file a court case as a wealthy person (who can simply contact "their attorney")? be explicit

BARD

It is generally more difficult for poor people to file a court case than for wealthy people. Here are some of the reasons:

As a result of these barriers, poor people are less likely to file court cases than wealthy people. A 2017 study by the Pew Research Center found that only 15% of low-income Americans have ever filed a lawsuit, compared to 38% of high-income Americans.

There are a few things that can be done to make it easier for poor people to file court cases. One is to provide legal aid to the poor. Legal aid organizations provide free or low-cost legal representation to people who cannot afford to hire a lawyer. Another way to make it easier for poor people to file court cases is to reduce or eliminate court filing fees. Some states and the federal government have already taken steps to reduce or eliminate court filing fees for low-income litigants.

Despite these efforts, there is still a significant gap in access to justice between poor people and wealthy people. More needs to be done to make it easier for poor people to file court cases and to protect their rights.

Here are some explicit examples of how the barriers mentioned above can make it difficult for poor people to file court cases:

These are just a few examples of the many ways in which poor people can be disadvantaged in the legal system. It is important to remember that the right to access justice is a fundamental right that should be available to everyone, regardless of their income level.

JAS

what percentage of the time does a poor person receive equal consideration under the law when needing to file a legal case of true substance?

BARD

It is difficult to say exactly what percentage of the time a poor person receives equal consideration under the law when needing to file a legal case of true substance. However, there is evidence to suggest that poor people are less likely to receive equal consideration than wealthy people.

For example, a 2016 study by the Legal Services Corporation found that indigent defendants are more likely to be convicted and to receive longer sentences than defendants who can afford to hire their own lawyers. The study also found that indigent defendants are more likely to have their cases dismissed on procedural grounds, without ever getting to the merits of their case.

Another study, published in the journal "Law & Society Review" in 2017, found that judges are more likely to rule in favor of wealthy plaintiffs than poor plaintiffs in civil cases. The study also found that judges are more likely to impose punitive damages on wealthy defendants than on poor defendants.

These studies suggest that poor people are less likely to receive equal consideration under the law than wealthy people. This is likely due to a number of factors, including the lack of access to legal representation, the complexity of the legal system, and the implicit biases that judges and other legal actors may have.

It is important to note that these studies are just a snapshot of the current state of affairs. More research is needed to determine the full extent of the problem and to identify effective solutions.

Here are some things that can be done to help ensure that poor people receive equal consideration under the law:

By taking these steps, we can help to ensure that everyone has equal access to justice, regardless of their income level.

JAS

what evidence is there proving poor people cannot engage the US legal system as easily as a wealthy person?

BARD

There is a significant body of evidence proving that poor people cannot engage the US legal system as easily as a wealthy person. Here are a few examples:

All of this evidence suggests that poor people face significant barriers to accessing the legal system. This means that they are less likely to be able to protect their rights and to hold those who have wronged them accountable.

Here are some specific examples of how the barriers mentioned above can make it difficult for poor people to engage the US legal system:

These are just a few examples of the many ways in which poor people can be disadvantaged in the legal system. It is important to remember that the right to access justice is a fundamental right that should be available to everyone, regardless of their income level.

JAS

is this a threat to society? yes/no? why? what should be done?

BARD

Yes, the fact that poor people cannot engage the US legal system as easily as a wealthy person is a threat to society.

When poor people cannot access the legal system to protect their rights, they are more likely to experience injustice and abuse. This can lead to a number of negative consequences, including:

In order to address this threat, we need to make it easier for poor people to access the legal system. This can be done by providing more funding for legal aid programs, reducing or eliminating court filing fees, and increasing the diversity of the legal profession.

Here are some specific things that can be done to make it easier for poor people to access the legal system:

By taking these steps, we can help to ensure that everyone has equal access to justice, regardless of their income level.

JAS

offer legal case for why health, education and law should be made relatively "free" in America

BARD

There are a number of legal arguments that can be made in favor of making health, education, and law relatively free in America.

One of the most fundamental human rights is the right to health. This right is enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states that "Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services."

The right to health includes the right to access essential healthcare services, such as preventive care, treatment for illness and injury, and reproductive healthcare. It also includes the right to access affordable and quality healthcare, regardless of one's ability to pay.

In the United States, there is a significant number of people who do not have access to affordable healthcare. This is due to a number of factors, including the high cost of healthcare, the lack of universal health insurance coverage, and the complexity of the healthcare system.

The lack of access to affordable healthcare can have a number of negative consequences for individuals and society as a whole. For individuals, it can lead to delays in care, financial hardship, and even death. For society as a whole, it can lead to decreased productivity, increased healthcare costs, and social unrest.

Making healthcare relatively free in America would help to ensure that everyone has access to the healthcare they need, regardless of their ability to pay. This would have a number of positive benefits for individuals and society as a whole.

Another fundamental human right is the right to education. This right is also enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states that "Everyone has the right to education."

The right to education includes the right to access free and compulsory primary education, as well as the right to access secondary and higher education on the basis of merit. It also includes the right to access quality education, regardless of one's race, gender, social status, or other factors.

In the United States, there is a significant educational inequality between rich and poor students. This is due to a number of factors, including the unequal distribution of educational resources, the lack of affordable childcare, and the high cost of college tuition.

Educational inequality has a number of negative consequences for individuals and society as a whole. For individuals, it can lead to lower earning potential, higher unemployment rates, and increased poverty rates. For society as a whole, it can lead to decreased economic growth, increased crime rates, and social unrest.

Making education relatively free in America would help to reduce educational inequality and ensure that everyone has access to the education they need to succeed. This would have a number of positive benefits for individuals and society as a whole.

The right to access justice is a fundamental human right. This right is enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states that "Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law."

The right to access justice includes the right to have access to fair and impartial courts, the right to be represented by a lawyer, and the right to have one's case heard in a timely manner. It also includes the right to access legal aid for those who cannot afford to hire a lawyer.

In the United States, there is a significant gap in access to justice between rich and poor people. This is due to a number of factors, including the high cost of legal fees, the complexity of the legal system, and the lack of affordable legal aid.

The lack of access to justice can have a number of negative consequences for individuals and society as a whole. For individuals, it can lead to increased poverty, increased crime rates, and decreased social mobility. For society as a whole, it can lead to decreased trust in the government and other institutions, and increased social unrest.

Making law relatively free in America would help to ensure that everyone has equal access to justice, regardless of their ability to pay. This would have a number of positive benefits for individuals and society as a whole.

Overall, there are a number of strong legal arguments that can be made in favor of making health, education, and law relatively free in America. Doing so would help to ensure that everyone has the opportunity to succeed, regardless of their background or income level.

infoSources

JAS

explain what will happen to America without such reforms. be explicit

BARD

If America does not make reforms to make health, education, and law more affordable and accessible, a number of negative consequences will likely occur.

Without reforms to make healthcare more affordable and accessible, the number of uninsured Americans will continue to grow. This will lead to an increase in preventable diseases, financial hardship for individuals and families, and a decrease in the overall health of the population.

Additionally, the high cost of healthcare will continue to drive up the cost of health insurance premiums, making it even more difficult for people to afford coverage. This will create a vicious cycle that will only make the problem worse.

Without reforms to make education more affordable and accessible, educational inequality will continue to grow. This will lead to a decrease in the overall educational attainment of the population, a decrease in economic growth, and an increase in crime rates and social unrest.

Additionally, the high cost of college tuition will continue to make it difficult for young people to obtain a higher education. This will put them at a disadvantage in the job market and limit their earning potential.

Without reforms to make law more affordable and accessible, the gap in access to justice between rich and poor people will continue to grow. This will lead to an increase in injustice, abuse, and lawlessness.

Additionally, the lack of access to justice will erode public trust in the government and other institutions. This will lead to social unrest and make it difficult to address other important societal problems.

Overall, if America does not make reforms to make health, education, and law more affordable and accessible, the country will become more unequal, less prosperous, and less just.

Here are some specific examples of the negative consequences that could occur:

These are just a few examples of the many ways in which the lack of affordable and accessible health, education, and law can harm individuals and society as a whole.

JAS

include an argument for the cost of living relative to health, law, protection and trades for poor vs wealthy people in America and elsewhere

BARD

The cost of living relative to health, law, protection, and trades for poor vs wealthy people in America and elsewhere is a complex issue with no easy answers. However, there is a clear trend of the wealthy having access to better and more affordable services than the poor.

In America, the cost of healthcare is a major burden for many people, especially the poor. According to a 2022 study by the Kaiser Family Foundation, the average annual premium for employer-sponsored health insurance for a family of four was $29,619 in 2021. This is a significant expense for many families, and it can be especially difficult for low-income families to afford.

The wealthy, on the other hand, are generally able to afford the best healthcare available. They may have access to private insurance plans with lower deductibles and out-of-pocket costs. They may also be able to afford to pay for healthcare out-of-pocket.

This disparity in access to healthcare has a significant impact on the health of the poor and the wealthy. A 2020 study by the Commonwealth Fund found that low-income adults were more likely than high-income adults to report not having a regular source of care, not getting needed care because of cost, and skipping doses of medication because of cost.

The poor also face significant barriers to accessing legal services. According to a 2019 study by the Legal Services Corporation, only 18% of low-income Americans who experienced a civil legal problem in the past year received legal help. This is compared to 61% of high-income Americans who experienced a civil legal problem.

The cost of legal fees is a major barrier to access to justice for the poor. According to a 2021 survey by the American Bar Association, the average cost of hiring a lawyer for a civil case is between $2,500 and $10,000. This is a significant expense for many people, and it can be especially difficult for low-income people to afford.

The wealthy, on the other hand, are generally able to afford the best legal representation available. They may have access to private attorneys who charge high hourly rates. They may also be able to afford to pay for legal fees out-of-pocket.

This disparity in access to legal services has a significant impact on the ability of the poor to protect their rights and enforce their legal claims.

The poor are also more likely to experience crime and violence than the wealthy. According to a 2021 report by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the poverty rate for victims of nonfatal violent crimes was 25.2%, compared to 13.7% for nonvictims.

The poor are also more likely to live in neighborhoods with high crime rates. According to a 2019 report by the Urban Institute, the average violent crime rate in the poorest 20% of census tracts was 4.4 times higher than the average violent crime rate in the wealthiest 20% of census tracts.

The wealthy, on the other hand, are more likely to live in safe neighborhoods with low crime rates. They may also have access to private security services.

This disparity in access to protection has a significant impact on the quality of life of the poor and the wealthy.

The poor also face barriers to entering and succeeding in trades. According to a 2018 report by the National Center for Law and Economic Justice, black and Hispanic workers were less likely to be employed in high-wage trades than white workers, even when they had the same qualifications.

The poor may also have difficulty affording the tools and equipment necessary for certain trades. They may also lack access to apprenticeship programs and other training opportunities.

The wealthy, on the other hand, are more likely to have access to the resources they need to succeed in trades. They may be able to afford to purchase the necessary tools and equipment, and they may have access to apprenticeship programs and other training opportunities through their families and networks.

This disparity in access to trades has a significant impact on the earning potential of the poor and the wealthy.

Overall, the cost of living relative to health, law, protection, and trades is a complex issue with no easy answers. However, there is a clear trend of the wealthy having access to better and more affordable services than the poor. This disparity has a significant impact on the quality of life of the poor and the wealthy.

JAS

explain the end-outcome of humanity if immediate changes to health, law, protection and trades don't concentrate resource (dedicate) towards Water, Immigration and Security ~ Chief Concerns

BARD

The end-outcome of humanity if immediate changes to health, law, protection, and trades don't concentrate resources towards water, immigration, and security is likely to be a world of increased suffering, conflict, and instability.

Water is essential for life, and it is becoming increasingly scarce due to climate change and population growth. Without immediate action to address the water crisis, we could see widespread water shortages, droughts, and famine. This would lead to mass migration, conflict, and even war.

Immigration is another major challenge facing humanity. As the world becomes more interconnected, people are moving across borders in record numbers. This is putting a strain on social services and resources in many countries. Without careful management, immigration could lead to social unrest, political instability, and even economic collapse.

Security is also a major concern. The world is facing a growing number of threats, including terrorism, cyberattacks, and climate change. Without adequate security measures in place, these threats could lead to widespread death and destruction.

If immediate changes are not made to address these three chief concerns, the end-outcome of humanity could be a world of increased suffering, conflict, and instability.

Here are some specific examples of the negative consequences that could occur:

It is important to note that these are just a few potential scenarios. The end-outcome of humanity will depend on a variety of factors, including the actions that we take in the present. However, it is clear that we need to take immediate action to address the chief concerns of water, immigration, and security if we want to avoid a negative future.

Here are some things that can be done to address these chief concerns:

By taking these and other steps, we can help to ensure a brighter future for humanity.

JAS

explain how extending this global focus into current politics could help resolve long term sustainability matters (e.g. Israel, China, Russia Politics)

BARD

Extending a global focus into current politics could help resolve long-term sustainability matters in a number of ways.

First, it would help to raise awareness of these issues and the need to address them. By focusing on global sustainability issues, we can help to build a global consensus on the need for action. This can lead to more effective international cooperation and coordination on these issues.

Second, a global focus can help to identify and share best practices. By learning from each other, countries can implement more effective policies and programs to address sustainability challenges. For example, countries that have successfully developed renewable energy sources can share their experiences with other countries that are looking to do the same.

Third, a global focus can help to mobilize resources. By working together, countries can raise the necessary funds and other resources to address sustainability challenges. For example, the Green Climate Fund (GCF) is a global fund that provides financial support to developing countries to help them mitigate and adapt to climate change. The GCF is funded by developed countries and other sources, and it has already provided billions of dollars in support to developing countries.

In the specific context of the countries you mentioned, a global focus could help to resolve long-term sustainability matters in the following ways:

Overall, extending a global focus into current politics could help to resolve long-term sustainability matters in a number of ways. By raising awareness, identifying and sharing best practices, and mobilizing resources, a global focus can help to create a more sustainable future for all.

JAS

Draw conclusions concerning America's role in humanizing planet EARTH (evolution) with regards to this thread

BARD

America has a unique opportunity to play a leading role in humanizing planet Earth. As a wealthy and powerful country, America has the resources and the influence to make a significant difference in the lives of billions of people around the world.

America can humanize planet Earth by:

By taking these steps, America can play a leading role in humanizing planet Earth and creating a better future for all.

Here are some specific examples of how America can put these conclusions into practice:

By taking these steps, America can play a leading role in humanizing planet Earth and creating a better future for all.

JAS

Explain how "transparency" can be achieved using a tiered economy approach to governance: civilian business government military ombudsman dignitary @data integrity #security clearance ^one good *world Order %Bio-Electric Signature (New World Order)

BARD

A tiered economy approach to governance can be used to achieve transparency in a number of ways.

First, the tiered approach can help to create a clear separation of powers between different sectors of the economy. This can help to prevent corruption and abuse of power. For example, the civilian sector can be responsible for overseeing the business sector, and the business sector can be responsible for overseeing the government sector.

Second, the tiered approach can help to promote accountability and transparency within each sector of the economy. For example, each sector can have its own ombudsman or watchdog organization that is responsible for investigating and reporting on corruption and abuse of power.

Third, the tiered approach can help to ensure that data is shared and used in a secure and responsible manner. For example, the government can use a tiered approach to data management to ensure that only authorized personnel have access to sensitive data.

Here is an example of how a tiered economy approach to governance could be used to achieve transparency in the context of the entities you mentioned:

In addition to the above, the following measures could be taken to further promote transparency:

By taking these measures, a tiered economy approach to governance can help to achieve transparency and accountability in all sectors of the economy.

It is important to note that the tiered economy approach to governance is just one way to achieve transparency. There are other approaches that could be used, and the best approach may vary depending on the specific circumstances.

JAS

define why differentiating between those who have high level clearance (thinkers = head) and those who are primarily unskilled and manual labor oriented (blue-collar = hand) is relative to graceful evolution

BARD

There are a few reasons why differentiating between those who have high level clearance (thinkers = head) and those who are primarily unskilled and manual labor oriented (blue-collar = hand) is relative to graceful evolution.

First, it allows for a more efficient division of labor. When people are specialized in different tasks, they can become more efficient and productive. This can lead to economic growth and a higher standard of living for everyone.

Second, it allows people to pursue their interests and talents. When people are not forced to do work that they are not good at or that they do not enjoy, they are more likely to be productive and satisfied with their lives. This can lead to a more harmonious and fulfilling society.

Third, it allows for greater innovation and creativity. When people are free to think and to experiment, they are more likely to come up with new ideas and inventions. This can lead to a more dynamic and progressive society.

Fourth, it allows for greater social mobility. When people are not limited by their social class or background, they have the opportunity to rise to the top of their field. This can lead to a more just and equitable society.

However, it is important to note that differentiation between thinkers and blue-collar workers can also lead to inequality and social unrest. If the benefits of economic growth are not shared equitably, it can lead to resentment and frustration among those who feel that they are not getting their fair share. Additionally, if thinkers are not held accountable for their actions, it can lead to corruption and abuse of power.

Overall, whether or not differentiating between thinkers and blue-collar workers is beneficial to graceful evolution depends on how it is implemented. If it is done in a way that promotes efficiency, innovation, and social mobility, then it can be a positive force for change. However, if it is done in a way that leads to inequality and social unrest, then it can be a negative force for change.

Here are some specific examples of how differentiating between thinkers and blue-collar workers can be beneficial to graceful evolution:

Overall, differentiating between thinkers and blue-collar workers can be beneficial to graceful evolution when it is done in a way that promotes efficiency, innovation, and social mobility.

Is the amount of fossilized living organisms in the Arabian Gulf, the Middle East and other regions sufficient at all to form this huge volume of oil and gas reserves?

What is the process for extracting rose oil using the Clevenger apparatus, and what is the appropriate voltage setting and time range?

There are several sources of power loss of a roller bearing under operation. For example, the bearing material elastic hysteresis, the frictional moment generated by the differential sliding between the roller and the raceway, the friction moment between the roller and cage due to sliding, and the viscous friction moment caused by the rotation motion of the roller and cage in the lubricating oil, and so on. In addition to the SKF model, what other models can accurately estimate the power loss of bearings?

I want to investigate the fish oil cytotoxicity using MTT Assay

Should I extract the active ingredients from the fish oil first then apply the extraction on the cell

OR

I can add the fish oil directly on the cell with media

Dear community,

I am struggling with p-anisidine assay in low oxidated oil samples. My results are negative values because the oil without p-anisidine reaction absorbs at 350 nm more than the oil after the reaction. How can I handle this issue?

I have been trying to determine the p-anisidine value in heated sunflower oil according to the AOCS procedure; however, when I add the p-anisidine to the oil dissolved in isooctane, I get 2 phases. A yellow color appears, however, it is precipitating at the bottom of the test tube. Can anyone help or suggest why is this happening?

I want to know more about oil and gas.

What is the effect of using MCT oil in a non ketogenic low carb diet (hypocaloric, CHO< 100gr) in a subject with Familial Hypercholesterolemia? Someone stands it doesn't raise total or LDL cholesterole but I am not very sure.

Is there someone who might kindly revolve my doubt?

Thank you

I added mistakely the oil to the oil mist filter opening of the dry vacuum pump, what will happen and how I can fix this problem?

Hello, have a nice time 🌱

I have the density of an oil at a 15 degrees, and now I want to obtain the density at a temperature of minus 60 (-60).

How can I do this?

Thank you for your reply

Industrial and heritage museums around the world serve as important spaces where narratives surrounding oil production are constructed, presented, and contested. These museums offer a platform to investigate the ways in which the discursive politics of oil production are curated, communicated, and interpreted by different actors, ranging from communities to oil companies. My new project will analyse the narratives of progress, power, and national identity associated with oil production and explore how museums portray oil as a symbol of technological advancement, economic prosperity, and national pride. I will be looking at oil museums in Canada, China, Russia, and Scotland.

I am not new to energy politics but have so far struggled to find literature that discusses how museums, whether industrial or heritage-focused, reinforce or challenge dominant narratives about the extractive industries and, particularly, oil extraction. Could you recommend any relevant works?

And if that's your topic, I have more questions for you!

How do museums navigate the balance between catering to different stakeholders, such as local communities, industry representatives, and environmental activists?

What is your favourite example of a museum that has been instrumental in fostering public debate and awareness about the extractive industries?

An oil pressure gauge is used in a water treatment setup and shows no change after flowing water in the pipes!

Did any researcher face this problem?

Best regards

I have heard that the shampoo which is about to expire can be recycled into to cleaning agents etc. Is that possible ? What is the process? Also, most of shampoo has oil in it. So, how will the oil be removed? Will it be through chemical dispersion?

suppose a part is saying they require vitamin A=2600μg RE/100g in vegetable oil. I have to convert this unit to gram/ton. Please help me how to calculate the amount ?

Need to know easy method to dissolve Ascorbyl palmitate in edible vegetable oil.

The Reaction mixture is on stirring from more than two weeks, TLC showing the spot of product. But product is not extracting out.

Hello

i`m using Aspen plus for simulation of pyrolysis . when i run the Rgibbs as the reactor . there are many components and then i tried to condense the product to give me the amount of bio oil but the bio oil derived from the flash seperator is included 0.99 of H2O and other components is near to 0.

what is the problem ?

Please explain an experimental technique to determine the presence of free radicals generates from the rotten edible oils.

Does the use of electric cars affect the current consumption of oil and coal?

with respect it is requested I am using DCC-GARCH and BEKK-GARCH model to check the bidirectional effect between oil and stock prices. I have been facing a problem, that in which statistical software i can assign weights to the variables, how to calculate hedge ratio, and hedging effectiveness. if any one can help me I would be thankful.

I am currently planning to write my thesis on the stock price movement of oil majors and the relationship between their 'sustainable' investments. I find it fascinating that a company such as Exxon Mobile just does not invest in renewable energy where other oil companies are turning their back on fossil fuels. However, it is hard to find data for investments into renewable energy and I was wondering what dataset I could use to still capture the involvement of companies in renewable energy. Suggestions for datasets or to my research direction are more than welcome.

Does the use of electric cars affect the current consumption of oil and coal?

Dear All,

May I know the cost of 1 Kg of Edible algal oil which is having 10 % of EPA?

NB: I would like to interact with Industry experts towards commercialisation of the Algal Oil