Science topic
Vaccines - Science topic
A forum for discussion on vaccine development, delivery, manufacturing, research, and formulation.
Questions related to Vaccines
Frankly speaking thrice time affected by COVID although covaxin taken but no harm to cancer patients.it depending upon metastatic position at that time of COVID affected person s .
I was patient but nothing happened.
I did two different protein-protein dockings for my bioinformatics project. First, I used the ClusPro blind docking method and then I tried the HADDOCK server where I needed to input a set of active residues for my input protein.
So, to perform the protein-protein docking with HADDOCK, I used the information from the docking results output by ClusPro and identified the residues that interacted between the docked complex using the Prodigy server. Using the interacting residues between the docked complex from ClusPro, I obtained a negative HADDOCK score and Z-score. However, I feel that the docking results from HADDOCK can be considered as false positive as I used the interacting residues from the CluPro docking results.
So, to avoid this I decided to search the active residues related to my designed vaccine construct based on previous literature reviews, but only managed to identify a few active residues to be input for the docking (9 out of 558 residues). As for the results of the docking, I got a positive HADDOCK score with a negative Z-score. I also checked the binding affinity using Prodigy and got a negative score. I was wondering if the positive HADDOCK score was affected due to the limited information given for the active residues during the docking.
If so, are there any suggestions on how should I improve my docking to get negative HADDOCK scores? Thank you in advance.
in the NIH test for checking the potency of the rabies vaccine, we must make dilutions. In the second dilution, we have a sharp drop and the mortality of mice. I wondering if my dilution technique is incorrect. I use a sampler for dilution. is it a different method for dilution of vaccine with adjuvant?
Is there any available literature that describes, in depth, rubella antiserum titers that successfully block rubella when measuring measles potency via the TCID50 assay in a combination MR vaccine?
For my project I am looking for the mRNA sequences of mRNA vaccines that are currently undergoing clinical trails or that are already in use. I know that the sequences of two Covid-19 vaccines are publicly available (https://github.com/NAalytics/Assemblies-of-putative-SARS-CoV2-spike-encoding-mRNA-sequences-for-vaccines-BNT-162b2-and-mRNA-1273/blob/main/Assemblies%20of%20putative%20SARS-CoV2-spike-encoding%20mRNA%20sequences%20for%20vaccines%20BNT-162b2%20and%20mRNA-1273.docx.pdf). Would anyone have sequence information of other mRNA vaccines or know where to find it?
Clarify a point for Multiepitope vaccine construction that
1) one should construct 3D structure of MEV with protein adjuvant sequence (A.A) or without it.
2)3D structure refinement, validation, solubility, docking MD simulation and plasmid construction: are these steps also require MEV with adjuvant a.a sequence or not?
Akin to the oral "polio vaccine technology", is it possible for a healthy human to build antibodies against a said "bacterium, an example being a Steptococcal infection?".
In my opinion, yes we can. Our bodies have the required armoury "an adept immune system and the relevant enzymes", to tackle bacterial infections.
Please elucidate in detail, how you think our bodies could fight against a bacterial infection.
The previous discussion had been answered so well by "Rizzi". Looking forward to an answer like that of "Rizzi'.
I am interested in the study of dendritic cells response under infection with mutant strain candidate to vaccine against TB.
But I am begginer in the work with dendritic cells, somebody can help me?
Thanks
Hello,
I have 2 questions regarding cancer mRNA vaccines. When synthetic mRNA vaccine for cancer is introduced into the body, our expectation is that the immune system will be activated against the tumor cells and exhibit a response to eliminate them.
However, the question arises as to whether, after translation and the emergence of tumor antigens on the surface of the target cells, primarily dendritic cells (DCs), it leads to the activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and other immune cells that only eliminate those specific cells rather than the millions of tumor cells that have already caused cancer in the body tissues.
Despite many studies, I cannot comprehend the philosophy behind mRNA cancer vaccines in the face of this challenge.
Furthermore, I have another question in the same context. Assuming that the activated immune cells are intended to eliminate cancer cells, they face a formidable barrier called the tumor microenvironment and mechanisms by which tumors evade the immune system. Ultimately, these factors somehow inhibit the immune system.
The question is, how can the activated immune cells by mRNA vaccines overcome this microenvironment barrier and reach cancer cells? Especially considering that in many research samples, inhibitors of the tumor microenvironment are not simultaneously used with mRNA vaccines.
If you have information on the answers to these two questions, I would greatly appreciate your guidance.
Thank you.
Hello,
I have 2 questions regarding cancer mRNA vaccines. When synthetic mRNA vaccine for cancer is introduced into the body, our expectation is that the immune system will be activated against the tumor cells and exhibit a response to eliminate them.
However, the question arises as to whether, after translation and the emergence of tumor antigens on the surface of the target cells, primarily dendritic cells (DCs), it leads to the activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and other immune cells that only eliminate those specific cells rather than the millions of tumor cells that have already caused cancer in the body tissues.
Despite many studies, I cannot comprehend the philosophy behind mRNA cancer vaccines in the face of this challenge.
Furthermore, I have another question in the same context. Assuming that the activated immune cells are intended to eliminate cancer cells, they face a formidable barrier called the tumor microenvironment and mechanisms by which tumors evade the immune system. Ultimately, these factors somehow inhibit the immune system.
The question is, how can the activated immune cells by mRNA vaccines overcome this microenvironment barrier and reach cancer cells? Especially considering that in many research samples, inhibitors of the tumor microenvironment are not simultaneously used with mRNA vaccines.
If you have information on the answers to these two questions, I would greatly appreciate your guidance.
Thank you.
Hey!
I'm looking for ways to compare two kinetic curves over time. My data is composed of neutralizing antibody results during 11 points (vaccine kinetics) in each group (control and patient).
How can I check if my curves are statistically similar or different?
I hope you can help me.
Thank you very much!
ALC-0159, 2-[(polyethylene glycol)- 2000]-N,N-ditetradecylacetamide, is used in CureVac and Pfizer BioNTech Covid-19 vaccines.
Has anyone found published toxicology studies for this compound?
There are many benefits to vaccinating the population against HPV, such as reducing the incidence of CIN2+ related to vaccine genotypes. And those who receive the HPV vaccine will experience an advantage in the transformation of HPV genotypes. How will this HPV-related epidemiological feature change in the future? Perhaps it is related to the original HPV prevalence characteristics of the population in that region.
I am currently a first-year master's student preparing for my research. I need someone to help me find an interesting topic.
Waiting for your suggestions
In the pioneering stages of my research on developing a multi-species multi-epitope UTI vaccine, I am encountering a significant challenge while exploring NCBI. For example, a search for E. coli yielded approximately 250,000 genomes, even after applying filters for completely annotated genomes, leaving around 200,000 genomes. Similar challenges were observed for Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, and Enterococci. Is there a specialized database or curated collection cataloging genomes associated with urinary tract infections for these organisms, or could anyone provide recommendations for efficiently identifying and isolating UTI-related strains from these extensive genomic datasets
What is the best statistical test to compare 4 groups in 10 different time points.
Fecal parasitic egg count levels were determined in 1 week intervals from day 0 to 70.
Vaccine 1- Day 0
Vaccine 2- Day 35
Challenge infection- Day 49
Day 70 -trial ended
Group 1- vac1+vac 2+challenge
Group 2 - vac1+vac2 only
Group 3- challenge only
Group 4- control group
Im currently working on a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus whole genome based in silico vaccine. I finished the reverse vaccinology steps and I filtered 27 protein candidates out of 2748 proteins to construct the vaccine. My question is on what basic should I choose the proper proteins to start the steps of b cell or t cell epitopes?! Is there any guidline or a protocol for choosing the proper protein candidates for the vaccine design or should I work independently for all the 27 proteins?
Dear colleagues !
how which diagnostic of differentiating Infected from Vaccinated Animals (DIVA) of the Newcastle disease?
Million thanks with Kind regards,
Elvis
My specialty is quantum physics but because of the pandemium I was interested in physical methods applied to virology. Today's physics is at nanolevel manufacturing so I suppose it can solve problems with viruses too.
As far as I know to force the organism to produce antibodies one can introduce the capsid or the envelope of the virus in it. I wonder if the following method below is used to collect capsids of a virus.
Method: I know it is possible to remove the nucleus of a cell. So lets take a number of cells from a human and extract the nuclea. Then put a huge number of the viruses in a culture with the cells. The viruses will inject their the DNA (or RNA) in the cells thereby leaving their capsids outside. But the cell can not reproduce the virus because there is no nucleus. Now one can separate the human cells with the viruses's DNA from the capsids and use the capsids to create antibodies by directly injecting as a vaccine.
A description of the readiness for the acceptance of PHV vaccine would be necessary in this world of preventive medicine.
Hi, I perform structure prediction for my designed vaccine construct using Robetta web server. And perform a validation score with PROCHECK to generate the Ramachandran plot and ERRAT scores. but the predicted structure for the designed protein does not achieved a good quality score for both ERRAT and Ramachandran. Any recommendations on how to improve the scores? Also, will the poor quality score of predicted structure protein affect protein-protein interactions?
Can I ask about steps for production of edible vaccine or vaccine from monoclonal antibodies?
The high tide of coronavirus (COVID-19) has hit us again and again! And there are likely to be more deadly hits in the future. Meanwhile, preparations have been made to prevent the attack of a more deadly virus called 'Disease X'.
There is no way to stop this deadly virus. In this time of deep crisis, I have come up with two great ways to prevent viral infections including proper treatment of viral infections that can save countless lives. These methods will be effective in multiple ways. They are able to inactivate the virus and block and prevent the virus from entering the body cells. And the vaccine and the medicine I made will heal the person infected by the virus. And they are not at all harmful to our body.
To know more please watch video. Thank you
I would like to find out what the Italian scientists found in the Covid vaccines
Coronavirus vaccine.. What happens after the virus changes its configuration ? What will the live vaccine induce in our bodies? What will the immune response produce in our bodies ?
I want to know the most important vaccines in case of ARV infections which are frequently used.....
The global COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic, which was caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in a significant loss of human life around the world. The SARS-CoV-2 has caused significant problems to medical systems and healthcare facilities due to its unexpected global expansion. Despite all of the efforts, developing effective treatments, diagnostic techniques, and vaccinations for this unique virus is a top priority and takes a long time. However, the foremost step in vaccine development is to identify possible antigens for a vaccine. The traditional method was time taking, but after the breakthrough technology of reverse vaccinology (RV) was introduced in 2000, it drastically lowers the time needed to detect antigens ranging from 5–15 years to 1–2 years. The different RV tools work based on machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI). Models based on AI and ML have shown promising solutions in accelerating the discovery and optimization of new antivirals or effective vaccine candidates. In the present scenario, AI has been extensively used for drug and vaccine research against SARS-COV-2 therapy discovery. This is more useful for the identification of potential existing drugs with inhibitory human coronavirus by using different datasets. The AI tools and computational approaches have led to speedy research and the development of a vaccine to fight against the coronavirus. Therefore, this paper suggests the role of artificial intelligence in the field of clinical trials of vaccines and clinical practices using different tools.
Source:
Hi
I want to know the scope of molecular chaperones as adjuvant in vaccine.
Is it possible for eliminate to all microbes/viruses.if not then please discuss what circumstances will arise to be resistant .
When you read an epidemiological research paper what are some of the red flags you encounter in phrasing, statistical tests used, and glossing over controlling for confounding? For example, when you evaluate the COVID reports or vaccine research what are key elements that if not present call into question the research or if included raise doubts?
To date, the human cost of coronavirus (COVID-19) is more than 13 000000 infections, and more than 570000 death worldwide. The economic cost so far has been staggering. Many economies almost come to a halt. The impact on supply, demand, the financial market is affecting both larger and smaller firms. However, SMEs are at a disadvantage due to limited resources, existing obstacles in securing capital, and the span of time over which they can survive this pandemic compared to the larger firms.
How SMEs and new start-ups are going to handle this pandemic? Can they survive it or a great majority of them will go out of business? Should the government step in to help?
Since the start of the COVID-19 Pandemic, many governments and private organizations allocated large sums of money to fund projects dealing with various areas related to this virus. The vaccine is the most prominent area but detection, caring and monitoring of the patients revealed that the current medical equipment is not adequate and sufficient. Are these funding going to lead to invention or innovation? have you seen any report of innovation in medical technology in your community?
the topic whose interesting and good one except vaccine making..
If not approved then how we have come to know approved for working of covid 19 patients or by research through research journals.
I am interested about it because I have no knowledge based on the same.if any reviewer can tell me which ingredients are there so that it decreases intensity of poison.pl let me know chemistry about preparation such injection s.if reply 🙏 from reviewer then process of such injection s when Oxygen decreased below 92 and heartbeat below 22.pl.
If trial details of recovered patients after application? Is it like antiviral vaccines or antibiotic. Is it possible to working like Ramdesiver blood clotting.
Hi Dear Scientists
I am currently working on an exciting project involving edible vaccines, and I wanted to seek your guidance regarding the next steps in my research.
To begin with, I have successfully designed an in silico vaccine through reverse vaccinology, and now I am eager to progress to the wet lab phase. I would greatly appreciate your advice on how to translate the in silico design into an actual construct that can be used for experimentation.
Specifically, I am interested in understanding the process of creating constructs inside Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which will be crucial for my work. I am keen to learn the best practices, techniques, and methodologies involved in this process to ensure the successful realization of my research objectives.
Your expertise in this field would be invaluable to me, and any insights or resources you could share would be highly appreciated. I am eager to embark on this practical phase of my work and contribute to the advancement of edible vaccine research. If anyone is interested in collaboration, you are cordially welcome.
Thank you very much for considering my request, and I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Thank you in advance
Dr. Shahina Akter
Email: [email protected]
For any new vaccine antigen, it is inoculated to target species and the blood is collected to assess the antibody titre. And in a particular time, the subject is challenged with the live organism. Now my question is how to determine the protective titre?
"Cardiac MRI is the most important noninvasive imaging modality for evaluation of myocarditis"
Over the years, scientists and researchers have been battling with detection of antimicrobial resistance microbes as well as production of novel vaccines to combat these microbes.
Will there be a point in the future where AMR microbes will be totally eliminated and researchers move on to other studies?
I presently feel humans will still abuse the new vaccines which will lead to more complex health challenges and so on...
In recent years, number of vaccine have been approved to fight against Covid-19, list of approved is available at FDA site. We are looking for sequence of these vaccine (RNA sequence in case of mRNA vaccines and amino acid sequence in case of protein based vaccines. I will highly appreciate help of community in searching sequence of vaccines.
Please 🙏 tell me which type of vaccine and it's efficacy was?
Mortality rate / well being cured patient s?
Dear Researchers,
The COVID -19 pandemic caused by SARS CoV-2 is taking away many lives. Till now there is no approved vaccine to tackle this. Literatures and media are giving us information that it will take around 6 to 8 months more to get the vaccine. Besides, alternative medicines are getting attention to treat COVID-19. Will plant metabolites be the hope to get the therapeutics before other drugs or vaccines. How it is possible? Share your thinking, please.
I published a short article back in 2021 in Academia Letters, titled ˝Can a Multi-Epitope Vaccine be a solution for COVID-19 pandemic˝?
Here is the abstract:
Problems associated with Wuhan spike protein-based vaccines are the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 strains that are more or less resistant to Wuhan spike protein-based vaccine-induced immunity, and toxicity of the spike protein (S protein alone can damage vascular endothelial cells). Multi-epitope vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, excluding the spike protein, could potentially be less toxic than Wuhan spike protein-based vaccines with less serious side effects, but still enough immunogenic to elicit protective immune response. Another potential benefit of a multi-epitope COVID-19 vaccine is that, taking into account the fact that most of the new SARS-CoV-2 strains carry significant new mutations in the spike protein and less significant mutations in other structural proteins of the virus, it could provide more potent immune response against new SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Link:
And now it is happening! I am so excited!
Researchers (Arieta et al) created a new multi-epitope vaccine.
Here is the abstract:
T-cell responses play an important role in protection against beta-coronavirus infections, including SARS-CoV-2, where they associate with decreased COVID-19 disease severity and duration. To enhance T-cell immunity across epitopes infrequently altered in SARS-CoV-2 variants, we designed BNT162b4, an mRNA vaccine component which is intended to be combined with BNT162b2, the spike-protein-encoding vaccine. BNT162b4 encodes variant-conserved, immunogenic segments of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid, membrane, and ORF1ab proteins, targeting diverse HLA alleles. BNT162b4 elicits polyfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses from diverse epitopes in animal models, alone or when co-administered with BNT162b2 while preserving spike-specific immunity. Importantly, we demonstrate that BNT162b4 protects hamsters from severe disease and reduces viral titers following challenge with viral variants. These data suggest that a combination of BNT162b2 and BNT162b4 could reduce COVID-19 disease severity and duration caused by circulating or future variants. BNT162b4 is currently being clinically evaluated in combination with the BA.4/BA.5 Omicron-updated bivalent BNT162b2 (NCT05541861).
Link:
Let me know what do you think!
Although the vaccine is the best way to prevent the spread of infectious diseases, but some people are hesitant concerning taking the vaccine, some delay taking it, others refuse it. What are the reasons from your point of view?
As you are aware after getting a COVID-19 vaccine side effects can vary from person to person. some are having immediate effects which are expected and some are facing it till date.
Please write if u still face any such after 2 years of time.
Moderna claims that detection of Covid19 Anti-Spike IgG antibody found in the lungs of Rhesus Macaques (that have high natural immunity against the virus) was evidence that the Spike Protein antibodies resulting from jabs in the arm circulated in Blood and somehow penetrated the Blood-Lung Barrier.
However there is an interesting paper from very early in 2019 that shows Anti-Spike IgG causes Severe Acute Lung Injury by skewing macrophage responses.
A doctor named Joseph Lee has challenged Dr Fauci, the editor of New England Journal of Medicine and many other scientists, plus the mRNA jab manufacturers to prove that the insides of lungs are protected by their LNP delivered materials.
He reports that they don't give satisfactory replies to his questions about the Blood Lung Barrier and has offered a reward for any proof via Twitter.
His website carries useful details.
Could Alveolar Macrophages be a conduit for antibodies?
I work for an entity that provides rapid response for public medical emergencies. I'm looking to see if anyone has information on ways in which to improve response times for rapid gearing up of vaccine and other medical support items. This would include manufacturing, logistics and administrative, or other issues related to such support. All leads and suggestions are welcome.
Why some scientists prefer most widely used virus is Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV); however, Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus is also used due to the higher protein expression using silkworm larvae or its pupae in the vaccine preparation.
I want a clear idea about it with specific name of antigen generation.
Hello, we are designing a plasmid for a vaccine, we want to add an intron in the eukaryotic region to improve transgenic expression. But we do not have a sequence of the intron, I have searched in different articles, but without success. How can I search the sequence? Do you know of any that you could share? Thank you
Although many studies have been conducted on the immunogenicity of intranasal acellular pertussis vaccines in mice, I didn't find any studies in human clinical trials. Why haven't these studies continued on humans? Is there a reason for this? As far as I know, there are two types of pertussis vaccines, BPZE1 and GAMLPV, in clinical trials, but these are live attenuated vaccines.
Hi, dear fellow scientists!
I am facing a problem while trying to construct a plasmid vector for developing a vaccine.
After immunoinformatics studies, I have designed a plasmid vector.
Now I intend to construct that particular plasmid vector.
I intend to order a commercially available empty plasmid for this purpose. My question is, How can I get the designed vaccine that I have made after molecular docking and simulation? How can I make that particular protein ligate into the plasmid?
I am trying to measure reactive oxygen species in a solution of leukocytes exposed to different antigens such as vaccine excipients or allergens. What do you suggest?
Covid surge again. Is it new genome ? if yes what are differences ?
The guideline for selection of bacterial isolates
Hello, I'm currently analyzing antibody data with Repeated Measures ANOVA and have run into problems. I built a model with age, gender, vaccine background, and around 7 genetic polymorphisms. When I do multiple comparisons afterward, I get the error "all pairwise comparisons mean-mean scatterplot cannot be shown because confidence intervals cannot be computed jmp." I don't know how to solve this. Does anybody know what the problem is? Someone suggested something about the degrees of freedom running out, but I do not understand. Appreciate your help!
FMD is a contagious diease threat animal wealth please explain why control is difficult inspite vaccine manufactury developed?
I am currently researching an article about rabies for possible publication in a medical laboratory journal.
I understand that, as the rabies virus travels along the nervous system from the site of inoculation as it makes its way to the brain, it largely avoids the body's immune system. Nevertheless, it is clear that prophylactic rabies vaccine as well as post-exposure vaccine and immune globulin can successfully protect an individual against developing rabies.
If the rabies virus is in effect shielded from the immune system because it's within the CNS, what is the actual process by which rabies vaccines help the immune system attack the virus? Is there a particular class of cells responsible for neutralizing the virus? At what point do circulating immune cells have contact with the CNS and thus the virus?
Thank you.
John
Please contact us if interested in publishing in this Special Issue from Processes (MDPI). Original work and reviews will be considered.
I am trying to design a vaccine candidate, for my B-lymphocyte epitopes I want to predict solubility. These peptides are 12 Amino acids long. Is there any server or tool to do that? I have tried using protein-sol but it did not work as at least 21 amino acids are required as minimum threshold to run the server. Please help, Thanks.
I read a while ago that tetatus and diphtheria toxoids only represent about 50% of proteins in vaccines but I cannot find the original reference. Please, if someone knows about it share the info.
Guinea pigs are the preferred animal models for Q fever studies as they develop fever and exhibit weight loss. We are currently developing a human Q fever vaccine and need to do some preliminary experiments to show protection from challenge. Any leads would be appreciated.
Can a blood donor be deferred due to recently receiving a vaccine? If so, is there a specific type of vaccine and is there a time period wherein a blood donor cannot donate? What will happen if the patient wasn't deferred?
viral diseases so bacterial diseases are so important especially in rural flocks.
Is it true that covid vaccines like Covishield, Covaxine etc has some side effects? if yes what are the remedies/what to do?
Learnard Scientist in this line may kindly share your suggestions for the greater benefit of human race. Thank you all.
For the Covid Johnson vaccine, is one dose sufficient for a person already vaccinated (3 months after the vaccine) or is a second dose necessary for better protection?
Thanks in advance
This cysteine-peptide is used as vaccine and is being subcutaneously injected to mouse. As DTT is toxic to mouse, what conc. is acceptable?
There is scientific evidence of mRNA and vectorial vaccines' genotoxicity.
mRNA vaccines induce immunodepression increasing vulnerability to communicable and non-communicable diseases ( cancer) and have a high rate of serious adverse effects, including death. Many otherwise healthy young people have died
Scientific evidence is supported by epidemiological data that show an increase in the infection risk from VOC in vaccinated people and in oncologic patients.
Moreover, I suggest reading Christine Cotton's expertise about the mRNA vaccines' unreliability.
In Florida, there was an 83% increase in mortality in vaccinated people.
We proposed on Research gate an International Research Manifesto for the withdrawal of mRNA and vectorial vaccines. if you agree you could sign it for building an international pressure lobby and there is an open discussion on Researchgate about this topic.
A Research Manifesto for anti-COVID-19 mRNA, and vectorial sera withdrawal https://www.researchgate.net/post/A_Research_Manifesto_for_anti-COVID_19_mRNA_and_vectorial_sera_withdrawlhttps://www.worldhealthcommittee.net/a-research-manifesto-against-anti-covid-19-mrna-and-vectorial-vaccines/
Reference on Research Gate
Following release of Pfizer mRNA trial data, ordered by a court to be released 75 years ahead of the original plan, we see to 31 March 2021 that 38 participants were Dead, average age 65 years. The injection history of the dead was as shown:
1 x Placebo 2
2 x Placebo 15
1 x Pfizer mRNA 2
2 x Pfizer mRNA 17
2 x Placebo plus 1 x Pfizer mRNA 2
In addition 193 people were "Lost to Follow-up" after multiple attempts to contact them with failure to respond to a certified letter sent to their last known address.
Their injection history was:
1 x Placebo 49
2 x Placebo 51
1 x Pfizer mRNA 45
2 x Pfizer mRNA 48
Has anyone found further publications following the fatality rate among the 44,820 trial participants?
hi!
I have aluminum hydroxide in powder form. I have to use it as an adjuvant with peptide vaccine for rats. I tried to dissolve it in Water. PBS and DMSO but it is insoluble in all. can you please suggest me a solvent for aluminum hydroxide as an adjuvant?
I have to write a HIV vaccine research proposal for my assignment.
"Explain in detail the relevant results of the recent peer-reviewed key article(s) of your choice to understand the choice of the vaccine and the adjuvant. Select, show and explain only the relevant data from the article(s) of your choice. Explain why you think the vaccine and adjuvant of your choosing can lead (after further development as described in your plan of investigation) to a promising new or improved vaccine."
Any suggestions for promising vaccine strategy or candidate vaccines that needs improvements?
I wish to test the Hypothesis that Placebo jabs cause a weakened Immune System, leading to higher incidence of Covid19 infection.
The clinical trials I have seen had 2 subsets of volunteers, one receiving injection of the Test substance and the other an injection of a Saline Placebo.
Given that Nickel and Chromium from the needles used are likely to induce Allergic reaction in a significant percentage of the population, it would be useful to have a 3rd cohort, matched to the rest, but simply observed and receiving neither the Test substance nor Placebo.
Have any such trials been published?
Hello Researchers!
I need some help regarding vaccine potency testing and dose calculation for live and killed viral vaccines. Please tell me, how i determine the potency of vaccine as well as how i calculate the dose of live and killed viral vaccine.
Waiting for your positive response.
Thank you
The literature reports that COVID-19 vaccination has altered the course of the pandemic and has saved millions of lives. The inadequate access to vaccines in the developing world and low-income countries has limited the impact of COVID-19 vaccinations reinforcing the need for global vaccine equity and coverage. The effectiveness, safety, cost and side effects by various vaccines has been questioned. A number of COVID-19 vaccines have been assessed in the first year of the COVID-19 epidemic. Researchers and companies may now support the best COVID-19 vaccine for the developing world and the global population.
RELEVANT REFERENCES:
A. Watson OJ, Barnsley G, Toor J, Hogan AB, Winskill P, Ghani AC. Global impact of the first year of COVID-19 vaccination: a mathematical modelling study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2022 Sep;22(9):1293-1302.
B. David A Henry, Mark A Jones, Paulina Stehlik, Paul P Glasziou, Effectiveness of COVID‐19 vaccines: findings from real‐world studies, Medical Journal of Australia, 10.5694/mja2.51479, 216, 8, (431-431), (2022).
C. COVID-19 Infection and Anti-Aging Gene Inactivation. Acta Scientific Nutritional Health 4.5 (2020): 01-02.
D. COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Disease in the Global Chronic Disease Epidemic. J Clin Med Res. 2022;4(1):1-2.
The Pfizer mRNA vaccines contain
(4-hydroxybutyl) azanediyl) bis(hexane-6,1-diyl) bis(2-hexyldecanoate) ALC-0315
also known as 6-[N-6-(2-hexyldecanoyloxy)hexyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)amino]hexyl 2-hexyldecanoate, sold as a yellow oil.
It has 2 chiral centres so potentially the different optical isomers will have different toxic properties in Humans as found for Thalidomide.
Has any effort been made to separate isomers?
ALC-0315 has not had detailed toxicology studies, however in rats the half-life for transfer from blood to other organs was 139 hours, indicating it is very strongly bound inside the bodies of mammals. Would there be any difference in binding and metabolism of the isomers?
Which enzymes or other essential biological molecules might be expected to interact with ALC-0315?
South Korea is shrugging off omicron’s summer return
7 August 2022, The Korea Herald
Infectious disease professor Dr. Kim Woo-joo of Korea University said about South Korean situation of COVID:
“Unfortunately, reinfections are increasingly becoming a common experience due to the BA.5 subvariant’s rise to dominance and waning immunity, among other factors.”
The choices usually in conflict are, should we fix the root cause of the problem or should we just manage the problem?
The case of the pandemic shows that there were those who opposed the solution of the problem with Covid 19 vaccines to attack the root cause (the virus) of the problem to minimize severity of infection or chances of hospitalization or changes of death; and those who just wanted the Covid 19 to be managed in such a way as to facilitate the reaching of natural immunity regardless of death levels or severity of consequences of just managing the Covid 19 problem.
In the case of the Covid 19 problem most countries if not all, chose to attack the root cause problem with the vaccine.
In the case of the environmental pollution problem, the international and local community is focused since 2012 on managing the pollution generation problem instead of fixing the root cause of the pollution generation problem(distorted market prices).
In the case of the pollution generation problem most countries if not all, chose to avoid fixing the root cause pollution generation problem with green markets in 2012 as the environmental cost internalization as vaccine, and went instead with the way of managing the pollution generation problem with environmental pollution management based markets.
And this raises the question, is the goal of dwarf green markets like climate change markets to reach a level of natural environmental immunity locally and globally through pollution management? While leaving the root cause of the pollution generation problem unfixed?
What do you think? Yes, then why? No, then why not?
Dear Lucio Muñoz,
I will also answer your question by referring to the economic crisis indirectly caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic in 2020. When the World Health Organization announced the state of a global epidemic at the beginning of March 2020, i.e. of the pandemic, the reaction of the financial markets was too nervous, too deep, too exaggerated. The behavior of stock exchange investors and the speculation of large financial institutions worked. Some governments fearing that there would be a shortage of beds in hospitals for seriously ill people with Covid-19 introduced lockdowns, which caused serious economic problems in many industries and sectors of the economy. In order for these decisions not to cause protests from the public, the government granted non-returnable subsidies to business entities on the basis of printed money in the public finance system cooperating with the central bank. These actions started an increase in inflation in 2021. Now, when we ask whether lockdowns have been applied to selected sectors of the economy in the context of rapidly developed vaccines and the scale of the severely ill with Covid-19 population and deaths from Covid-19 and comorbidities, different answers are coming up. The difference between the so-called the health crisis caused by the pandemic announced by the WHO and the climate crisis is that the pandemic appeared suddenly and was something new, and the climate crisis is being realized as a long-term, multi-year process. An interesting point is that so far WHO has not lifted the pandemic state, despite the fact that in many countries the pandemic has already been replaced with a state of increased virological risk, the anti-pandemic restriction has been lifted, the number of people seriously ill with Covid-19 has significantly decreased and the government has already recognized other problems as more important, which should be solved systematically and with the use of funds from the public finance system of the state. Such problems are currently double-digit and still growing inflation, and raised interest rates. by central banks and the economy entering a recession, energy crisis, food crisis, climate crisis. However, now referring to your question, I state that what you define as dwarf green markets, i.e. incomplete application of sustainability, pro-environmentalism, pro-climate in economic policy, is a kind of prosthesis of actions that should be implemented as part of a full pro-environmental and pro-climate transformation of the economy and are not realistically implemented. The reason is resistance in the spheres of business and politics, the lobby of large mining, mining and energy companies, as well as refineries operating in the sector or for the benefit of the dirty combustion energy sector. These sectors are key factors in slowing down the green transformation. Therefore, instead of fully carrying out the pro-environmental and pro-climate transformation of the classic growth, brown, linear surplus economy into a sustainable, green, zero-emission, zero-growth economy and a circular economy, prostheses of these processes are created, i.e. what you refer to as dwarf green markets. Thus, a short-sighted approach still prevails instead of long-term and strategic planning. Ad hoc measures are still being taken instead of introducing profound changes in the area of pro-environmental and pro-climate transformation of the economy. The problem is still being swept under the rug instead of solving the problem in a multi-faceted manner and reaching the source of the problem. Contrary to the situation from the 1st wave of the pandemic (spring 2020), we know what to do in terms of the pro-environmental and pro-climate transformation of the economy, but we still do not fully do it, assuming that it will be done somehow. On the other hand, there is little time for a full pro-environmental and pro-climate transformation of the economy, thanks to which it would be possible to significantly slow down the global warming process, which has been progressing since the first industrial revolution and accelerating in recent years, and to significantly reduce the scale of the potential negative effects of the climate catastrophe, which may already appear in the current XXI century. In this way, instead of carrying out a complete, thorough (with reaching the source of the problem and taking into account a long-term strategy) pro-environmental and pro-climate transformation of the economy, prostheses of this process are created and dwarf green markets are created as you have described it. For example, companies and enterprises add to their missions and development strategies the issues of achieving the goals of sustainable development, pro-environmental and pro-climate responsibility of business, although they do not really do much in this matter. They present their new green missions in advertising campaigns with their new product and service offers, because they see that the level of pro-environmental awareness of citizens, i.e. their potential customers, is growing. On the other hand, penalties for introducing toxic waste into the natural environment, for CO2 emissions to the atmosphere, for poisoning the natural environment and increasing the incidence of various diseases occurring in humans and animals, etc., are not always allocated to solving these problems, to increasing the scale activities implemented under the environmental and pro-climate policy. Probably many people still do not realize that it is not much time left.
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
There have been 30 reports to the Australian TGA Database of Adverse Event Notifications (DAEN) of bad reactions in babies via exposure to Breast Milk from mothers who have received the Pfizer Covid19 vaccine.
Symptoms of the Pfizer poisoned babies include: Cardiac Failure, Foetal Cardiac Disorder, Cyanosis, Pallor, Lymphadenopathy, Cold sweat, Dyspnoea, Seizure, Myoclonus, Fever, Fatigue, Lethargy, Malaise, Somnolence, Faeces discoloured, Diarrhoea, Mucous Stools, Vomiting, Pain, Insomnia, Irritability, Tremor, Rash, Rhinorrhoea, Decreased appetite, Weight decrease.
What mechanisms are causing these effects, and what are the possible long-term impacts on the child?
During trials of Covid-19 vaccines, there have been attempts to explain the observed high level of Serious Adverse Events in volunteers who received Placebo jabs.
Nocebo Effect describes a situation where a negative outcome occurs due to a Belief that the intervention will cause Harm. I regard that highly unlikely in people who rolled up their sleeves as volunteers. Are any readers aware of Mandatory jab trials where people were coerced into accepting one or more Placebo jabs?
I attach a SEM picture of syringe needle tip that can be expected to leave some stainless steel in your arm if some of the flakes formed during manufacture break off, presenting a Nickel Hazard.
Numerous researchers are ignorant of the fact that injection with Sucrose also cause allergic reaction in some people.
Picture from
More great pictures from an elegant study that proved Acupuncture needles could leave metal behind after being jabbed into humans. Numerous cases of Nickel Allergy have been reported after Acupuncture.
Nickel allergy and hypersensitivity has been linked to needle penetration of the skin. Mass immunization will therefore contribute to the rising proportion of the population sensitized to the element.
Because Tromethamine, used in a number of vaccines including Moderna and Pfizer, is often contaminated up to 15 ppm with Nickel after the catalytic Hydrogenation of its precursor, it would be interesting to determine how little Nickel can cause Anaphylaxis, as has been previously reported with a mitral ring.
Potential Nickel contamination in the Tromethamine used in Pfizer and Moderna jabs could trigger Anaphylaxis. Subsequent re-exposure to the same allergen or hapten would lead to the activation of hapten-specific T-cells, which subsequently enter the bloodstream and produce visible signs of hypersensitivity at 48 to 72 hours after allergen or hapten exposure. Human toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 has been shown to play a crucial role.
I'm interested in checking the viability of bacteria in vaccines used in on-site fish farming.
Wondering if anybody knows of inexpensive and easy assay that can be used in this regard?
Our initial thought would be some assay like the Resauzurin cell viability kit from Cellsignal
and some handheld fluorometer like Picofluor
https://topac.com/picofluor.html , from Turner Designs, but it seems to be discontinued.
Any thoughts would be greatly appreciated
Hypothetical case discussion. With vaccination coverage as high as 90% in many areas of India. Should an elderly who is unvaccinated till now had symptom of flu one year ago, be vaccinated .....or we can assume he has developed natural immunity. What are the side effects of COVID vaccine in Elderly?
Various researchers have placed the Pfizer Comirnaty products under the microscope and report emergence over time of various bodies, proposed to be extended colloid strings.
In some cases, thin platelet crystals are observed, with some people proposing they could be Graphene Oxide, secretly added as an undisclosed ingredient.
The original formulation contains added Potassium Chloride, Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate and Sodium Hydrogen Phosphate Dihydrate, so that I would expect to see Phosphate salts precipitate ahead of any other salts.
Has anyone isolated and reported the chemical composition of these crystals?
ALC-0315 is used in CureVac and Pfizer BioNTech Covid-19 vaccines.
(4-hydroxybutyl) azanediyl) bis(hexane-6,1-diyl) bis(2-hexyldecanoate) is listed at the US government Chemical Toxicogenomic Database but has zero information.
Material Safety Datasheets found so far also reveal no details of any toxicology studies.
Has anyone found useful science on this topic?
I have designed a vaccine for Monkeypox Virus. Is there anyone or any organisation who would like to take it further to wet lab studies?
I have studies of different sample sizes reporting individual vaccine acceptance %, I am trying to display this in a forest plot, pooled prevalence
This question points to a possible on-going iatrogenic public health catastrophe. Is the blood supply at risk? Clearly, further research is urgently needed. The full paper (Benzi et al 2022) is available (open access) from the publisher (IJVTPR) cited as follows:
Benzi Cipelli, R., Giovannini, F., & Pisano, G. (2022). Dark -Field Microscopic Analysis on the Blood of 1,006 Symptomatic Persons After Anti-COVID mRNA Injections from Pfizer/BioNtech or Moderna. International Journal of Vaccine Theory, Practice, and Research, 2(2), 385–444. https://doi.org/10.56098/ijvtpr.v2i2.47
Some recent studies have documented COVID-19 being zoonotic. Online documents show china testing fish for the coronavirus. How ever, pets such as cats and dogs rarely show the signs of the disease even after infection, though there can still shed the virus to humans. To this effect, what preventive recommendation should be done against transmission of the virus between pets and humans. Is it possible fo the vaccine administered to humans also be administered to pets?
My account at Twitter has been suspended because I shared official US Government information, posted by another user that I found when searching on a topic.
I was not given the option of hiding or even deleting the item, which showed a case reported to VAERS of a young child who died during a COVID19 vaccine trial.
The record contained clinical information that suggests it was lodged by a medical professional.
I would be interested to hear from other researchers who have had their social media accounts locked, suspended or terminated.
As you know Corona virus has spread around the world. Up to now, there is not any special drug or vaccine to treat this virus. To avoid more spread let's cooperate globally.
1. Wash your hands with soap for 20 secs.
2. Don't leave the home except necessary situations.
3. Drink hot liquid.
4. Use fruits to strength your body.
5. Just follow reliable sources and don't trust the cyberspace news.
Altogether we can defeat this virus.
Hoping health to all the people of the world
Based on our antiviral theory, why a virus can infect its target cell is because the target cell’s gene expression pattern is suitable for the viral infection, thus any factors that can change gene expression patterns in viral target cells could be used to reduce susceptibility to all viral infections. Low-dose X-ray irradiation can change gene expression patterns in different cells , presuming that X-ray irradiated cells are resistant or immune to all viral infections. Besides, X-ray irradiation can cause epigenetic changes, which could be passed on few generations. Hopefully, one dose irradiation on upper respiratory tract area could protect people for few months, leading to the possibility that low-dose X-ray irradiation ('irradiation vaccine') could be cure-all vaccine for all viral pandemics.
I want to better understand the difference between efficacy and efficiency to be able to compare the effectivity of various COVID-19 vaccines by using the vaccines' efficacy and efficiency.
can we genetically modify the memory b cells and t cells for a disease in order to make it work as vaccine.
